IHOP FINAL EXAM ACTUAL 2025/2026 QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT ANSWERS

IHOP FINAL EXAM ACTUAL 2025/2026 QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT ANSWERS Describe the pathophysiology of prostate cancer - Answer -- Prostate cancer is driven by androgen signaling, particularly testosterone (T) and dihydrotestosterone (DHT), which bind to androgen receptors (AR) in prostate cells, promoting growth. - Cancer cells can continue to grow despite suppressed testosterone levels (castration-resistant). - The disease progresses through different stages, starting as localized (asymptomatic) and potentially advancing to metastatic disease. Describe the importance of the Gleason score as a prognostic factor for the prostate cancer disease course - Answer -- The Gleason score is used to grade prostate cancer based on histological patterns.Need assistance on Online classes, Exams & Assignments? Reach out for instant help!! Full Course Assistance, Plagiarism-free Essay Writing, Research Paper, Dissertation, Discussion Posts, etc…. Confidential & Secure services. Tutors are available for all subjects! Email now at: - A higher Gleason score (7-10) indicates more aggressive disease, worse prognosis, and a greater likelihood of metastasis. - It helps guide treatment decisions, such as the need for immediate intervention vs. active surveillance. Define androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) - Answer -- ADT is the suppression of androgen production to limit prostate cancer growth. - Can be achieved via orchiectomy (surgical castration) or medication (LHRH agonists /antagonists and antiandrogens). - The goal is to reduce testosterone levels to <50 ng/dL. List common adverse events or consequences of ADT - Answer -- Hot flashes - Erectile dysfunction - decreased libido - Fatigue - Osteoporosis- Increased risk of cardiovascular disease - Metabolic effects (weight gain, insulin resistance) Describe the general treatment approach for a patient with prostate cancer, including scenarios when chemotherapy, abiraterone, or antiandrogens are used - Answer -Localized Disease: Active surveillance, surgery, or radiation. Metastatic Disease: ADT is the