Burns’ Pediatric Primary Care (8th Ed.) — Complete Chapter-
by-Chapter Test Bank: Verified Answers & Detailed Rationales
(New Edition)
Question 1:
A 6-month-old infant arrives for a well-child visit. The family
asks the nurse practitioner whether the visit is mainly for “sick
things” or to prevent problems. Which explanation best
distinguishes primary care from primary prevention in pediatric
practice?
A. Primary care treats illnesses and primary prevention
addresses only community health programs.
B. Primary care includes ongoing assessment and management
of health needs; primary prevention focuses on actions taken to
prevent disease before it occurs.
C. Primary care is provided only by pediatricians; primary
prevention is provided only by public health nurses.
D. Primary care is episodic treatment; primary prevention is
immunization only.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Correct — B accurately differentiates: pediatric primary care is
comprehensive and longitudinal (assessment, management,
care coordination), whereas primary prevention includes
interventions to prevent disease (e.g., immunizations,
,anticipatory guidance, safety counseling).
Why A is wrong: Primary prevention is not limited to
community programs; it occurs in primary care settings too.
Why C is wrong: Both primary care and primary prevention are
delivered by many providers (pediatricians, family practitioners,
NPs, public health professionals).
Why D is wrong: Primary care is not merely episodic; and
primary prevention is broader than immunizations (includes
counseling, injury prevention, developmental surveillance).
Question 2:
A 15-year-old with well-controlled asthma is preparing to
transition from pediatric to adult healthcare. Which primary
care action most directly supports a successful transition?
A. Referring the adolescent to an adult clinic two weeks before
transfer without further follow-up.
B. Ensuring the adolescent demonstrates asthma self-
management and creating a shared transfer plan with adult
provider input.
C. Discharging the adolescent when they turn 18 and allowing
them to find a new provider independently.
D. Continuing to manage the adolescent indefinitely in pediatric
care without involving adult services.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Correct — B reflects best practice: transition requires preparing
the adolescent for self-management, developing a written
transfer plan, and coordinating with adult providers to ensure
,continuity.
Why A is wrong: A single referral without preparation or shared
planning undermines continuity and self-management.
Why C is wrong: Simply discharging at a birthday risks gaps in
care; transition is a process that should be planned.
Why D is wrong: While pediatric care can be extended in some
situations, indefinite pediatric management without transition
planning is usually inappropriate as the adolescent ages.
Question 3:
A 3-year-old whose mother brings her for developmental
concerns has a parent with untreated depression and housing
instability. Which approach best illustrates the “two-
generation” or dual-patient model in pediatric primary care?
A. Treat only the child’s developmental delay; refer the mother
to community social services without integrating care.
B. Provide developmental surveillance for the child while
screening and connecting the mother to mental health and
social resources within the care plan.
C. Focus solely on pediatric immunizations; advise the mother
to seek help separately.
D. Delay any intervention until the family can attend a specialist
appointment.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Correct — B exemplifies the two-generation model: addressing
child health while simultaneously identifying and addressing
parental/caregiver needs (mental health, social determinants)
, because caregiver wellbeing directly affects child outcomes.
Why A is wrong: Referring the mother out without integrating
supports misses opportunity for coordinated, timely
intervention.
Why C is wrong: Immunizations alone ignore developmental
and caregiver needs; comprehensive primary care addresses
broader influences.
Why D is wrong: Delaying intervention risks worsening child and
family outcomes; timely linkage to resources is essential.
Question 4:
During a routine visit, a nurse practitioner screens a parent for
adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and identifies several
current household stressors. Which is the most evidence-based
rationale for addressing ACEs in pediatric primary care?
A. ACEs only predict adult outcomes and are irrelevant to
current pediatric health.
B. Early identification of ACEs enables intervention that can
alter lifelong physiological and behavioral trajectories and
improve both short- and long-term child health.
C. Screening for ACEs is likely to stigmatize families and
therefore should be avoided entirely.
D. ACEs are unchangeable facts of the past; resources should
focus only on acute medical problems.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Correct — B is evidence-based: ACEs have dose-response
relationships with health outcomes; early identification and
by-Chapter Test Bank: Verified Answers & Detailed Rationales
(New Edition)
Question 1:
A 6-month-old infant arrives for a well-child visit. The family
asks the nurse practitioner whether the visit is mainly for “sick
things” or to prevent problems. Which explanation best
distinguishes primary care from primary prevention in pediatric
practice?
A. Primary care treats illnesses and primary prevention
addresses only community health programs.
B. Primary care includes ongoing assessment and management
of health needs; primary prevention focuses on actions taken to
prevent disease before it occurs.
C. Primary care is provided only by pediatricians; primary
prevention is provided only by public health nurses.
D. Primary care is episodic treatment; primary prevention is
immunization only.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Correct — B accurately differentiates: pediatric primary care is
comprehensive and longitudinal (assessment, management,
care coordination), whereas primary prevention includes
interventions to prevent disease (e.g., immunizations,
,anticipatory guidance, safety counseling).
Why A is wrong: Primary prevention is not limited to
community programs; it occurs in primary care settings too.
Why C is wrong: Both primary care and primary prevention are
delivered by many providers (pediatricians, family practitioners,
NPs, public health professionals).
Why D is wrong: Primary care is not merely episodic; and
primary prevention is broader than immunizations (includes
counseling, injury prevention, developmental surveillance).
Question 2:
A 15-year-old with well-controlled asthma is preparing to
transition from pediatric to adult healthcare. Which primary
care action most directly supports a successful transition?
A. Referring the adolescent to an adult clinic two weeks before
transfer without further follow-up.
B. Ensuring the adolescent demonstrates asthma self-
management and creating a shared transfer plan with adult
provider input.
C. Discharging the adolescent when they turn 18 and allowing
them to find a new provider independently.
D. Continuing to manage the adolescent indefinitely in pediatric
care without involving adult services.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Correct — B reflects best practice: transition requires preparing
the adolescent for self-management, developing a written
transfer plan, and coordinating with adult providers to ensure
,continuity.
Why A is wrong: A single referral without preparation or shared
planning undermines continuity and self-management.
Why C is wrong: Simply discharging at a birthday risks gaps in
care; transition is a process that should be planned.
Why D is wrong: While pediatric care can be extended in some
situations, indefinite pediatric management without transition
planning is usually inappropriate as the adolescent ages.
Question 3:
A 3-year-old whose mother brings her for developmental
concerns has a parent with untreated depression and housing
instability. Which approach best illustrates the “two-
generation” or dual-patient model in pediatric primary care?
A. Treat only the child’s developmental delay; refer the mother
to community social services without integrating care.
B. Provide developmental surveillance for the child while
screening and connecting the mother to mental health and
social resources within the care plan.
C. Focus solely on pediatric immunizations; advise the mother
to seek help separately.
D. Delay any intervention until the family can attend a specialist
appointment.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Correct — B exemplifies the two-generation model: addressing
child health while simultaneously identifying and addressing
parental/caregiver needs (mental health, social determinants)
, because caregiver wellbeing directly affects child outcomes.
Why A is wrong: Referring the mother out without integrating
supports misses opportunity for coordinated, timely
intervention.
Why C is wrong: Immunizations alone ignore developmental
and caregiver needs; comprehensive primary care addresses
broader influences.
Why D is wrong: Delaying intervention risks worsening child and
family outcomes; timely linkage to resources is essential.
Question 4:
During a routine visit, a nurse practitioner screens a parent for
adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and identifies several
current household stressors. Which is the most evidence-based
rationale for addressing ACEs in pediatric primary care?
A. ACEs only predict adult outcomes and are irrelevant to
current pediatric health.
B. Early identification of ACEs enables intervention that can
alter lifelong physiological and behavioral trajectories and
improve both short- and long-term child health.
C. Screening for ACEs is likely to stigmatize families and
therefore should be avoided entirely.
D. ACEs are unchangeable facts of the past; resources should
focus only on acute medical problems.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Correct — B is evidence-based: ACEs have dose-response
relationships with health outcomes; early identification and
