Burns’ Pediatric Primary Care (8th Ed.) — Complete Chapter-
by-Chapter Test Bank: Verified Answers & Detailed Rationales
(New Edition)
Question 1:
A 9-month-old infant arrives for a scheduled well visit. The
parent asks whether the visit is “really necessary” because the
child appears healthy. Which response best reflects the role of
pediatric primary care as defined in Bright Futures?
A. “Well visits are optional; come only if your child is sick.”
B. “Well visits provide preventive screening, anticipatory
guidance, and immunizations to support healthy development.”
C. “We focus mainly on treating acute infections; prevention
isn’t part of primary care.”
D. “You should only schedule visits when school requires a
physical exam.”
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bright Futures and pediatric primary care emphasize
preventive screening, anticipatory guidance,
growth/development monitoring, and immunizations—core
functions of well visits. Option A is incorrect because routine
health supervision is recommended even when children appear
healthy. Option C is wrong because primary care includes
prevention and health promotion in addition to acute care.
,Option D is incorrect because periodic well visits are scheduled
across infancy/childhood, not only for school requirements.
AAP
Question 2:
A clinic is designing an educational handout to explain the
difference between “primary care” and “primary prevention” to
parents. Which statement correctly differentiates the two?
A. Primary care only treats illnesses; primary prevention only
refers to mental health services.
B. Primary care is the ongoing management of health across
settings; primary prevention includes actions taken to prevent
disease before it occurs (e.g., immunizations, safety counseling).
C. Primary prevention is delivered exclusively by schools;
primary care is delivered only by hospitals.
D. There is no difference—both terms mean the same thing.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Primary care refers to continuous, comprehensive
health services (health supervision, chronic disease
management, care coordination). Primary prevention refers to
interventions to prevent disease before it occurs (e.g.,
immunizations, injury prevention counseling, family support).
Option A is false and too narrow. Option C is incorrect—both
schools and clinics can provide aspects of prevention but roles
overlap; hospitals are not the sole site of primary care. Option D
,is incorrect—terms are distinct. (This distinction is foundational
to pediatric primary care delivery.) AAP
Question 3:
A 16-year-old with complex congenital heart disease is
preparing to transfer to adult cardiology. According to best
practices for transition planning, which action should the
pediatric NP initiate first?
A. Discharge the patient immediately and send records to any
available adult clinic.
B. Start transition planning early (around age 12), assess self-
management skills, and create a written transition plan with the
adolescent and family.
C. Wait until patient turns 21 to begin transition planning.
D. Transfer care by simply providing the adolescent with a list of
adult providers without a plan.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: AAP guidance recommends initiating transition
planning in early adolescence (often around age 12), assessing
skills and readiness, and creating an individualized written plan
with the youth and family to support gradual transfer. Option A
is unsafe and discontinuous. Option C delays preparation,
risking gaps. Option D is inadequate—successful transition
requires active planning, skill building, and coordination, not
just a provider list. PubMed+1
, Question 4:
During a 4-year-old preschool visit, screening uncovers
disrupted sleep, frequent stomachaches, and parental reports
of domestic violence in the home. Which immediate primary-
care approach best aligns with trauma-informed care and ACEs
awareness?
A. Ignore the psychosocial concerns and focus only on
immunizations and growth measurements.
B. Conduct a sensitive, developmentally appropriate
assessment, provide anticipatory guidance, offer
resources/referrals, and create a safety plan while documenting
concerns.
C. Immediately call law enforcement without assessing context
or ensuring child safety.
D. Tell the family these are normal behaviors and require no
follow-up.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Trauma-informed pediatric primary care includes
sensitive screening for ACEs, assessment of safety/needs, brief
interventions/anticipatory guidance, connecting families to
supports, and documenting concerns; ensuring child safety and
mandated reporting if required follows local laws. Option A and
D neglect critical psychosocial factors; option C may be
necessary in mandated-reporting situations but should be done
appropriately—immediate law enforcement without
assessment can be harmful and neglects the clinical role of
by-Chapter Test Bank: Verified Answers & Detailed Rationales
(New Edition)
Question 1:
A 9-month-old infant arrives for a scheduled well visit. The
parent asks whether the visit is “really necessary” because the
child appears healthy. Which response best reflects the role of
pediatric primary care as defined in Bright Futures?
A. “Well visits are optional; come only if your child is sick.”
B. “Well visits provide preventive screening, anticipatory
guidance, and immunizations to support healthy development.”
C. “We focus mainly on treating acute infections; prevention
isn’t part of primary care.”
D. “You should only schedule visits when school requires a
physical exam.”
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bright Futures and pediatric primary care emphasize
preventive screening, anticipatory guidance,
growth/development monitoring, and immunizations—core
functions of well visits. Option A is incorrect because routine
health supervision is recommended even when children appear
healthy. Option C is wrong because primary care includes
prevention and health promotion in addition to acute care.
,Option D is incorrect because periodic well visits are scheduled
across infancy/childhood, not only for school requirements.
AAP
Question 2:
A clinic is designing an educational handout to explain the
difference between “primary care” and “primary prevention” to
parents. Which statement correctly differentiates the two?
A. Primary care only treats illnesses; primary prevention only
refers to mental health services.
B. Primary care is the ongoing management of health across
settings; primary prevention includes actions taken to prevent
disease before it occurs (e.g., immunizations, safety counseling).
C. Primary prevention is delivered exclusively by schools;
primary care is delivered only by hospitals.
D. There is no difference—both terms mean the same thing.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Primary care refers to continuous, comprehensive
health services (health supervision, chronic disease
management, care coordination). Primary prevention refers to
interventions to prevent disease before it occurs (e.g.,
immunizations, injury prevention counseling, family support).
Option A is false and too narrow. Option C is incorrect—both
schools and clinics can provide aspects of prevention but roles
overlap; hospitals are not the sole site of primary care. Option D
,is incorrect—terms are distinct. (This distinction is foundational
to pediatric primary care delivery.) AAP
Question 3:
A 16-year-old with complex congenital heart disease is
preparing to transfer to adult cardiology. According to best
practices for transition planning, which action should the
pediatric NP initiate first?
A. Discharge the patient immediately and send records to any
available adult clinic.
B. Start transition planning early (around age 12), assess self-
management skills, and create a written transition plan with the
adolescent and family.
C. Wait until patient turns 21 to begin transition planning.
D. Transfer care by simply providing the adolescent with a list of
adult providers without a plan.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: AAP guidance recommends initiating transition
planning in early adolescence (often around age 12), assessing
skills and readiness, and creating an individualized written plan
with the youth and family to support gradual transfer. Option A
is unsafe and discontinuous. Option C delays preparation,
risking gaps. Option D is inadequate—successful transition
requires active planning, skill building, and coordination, not
just a provider list. PubMed+1
, Question 4:
During a 4-year-old preschool visit, screening uncovers
disrupted sleep, frequent stomachaches, and parental reports
of domestic violence in the home. Which immediate primary-
care approach best aligns with trauma-informed care and ACEs
awareness?
A. Ignore the psychosocial concerns and focus only on
immunizations and growth measurements.
B. Conduct a sensitive, developmentally appropriate
assessment, provide anticipatory guidance, offer
resources/referrals, and create a safety plan while documenting
concerns.
C. Immediately call law enforcement without assessing context
or ensuring child safety.
D. Tell the family these are normal behaviors and require no
follow-up.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Trauma-informed pediatric primary care includes
sensitive screening for ACEs, assessment of safety/needs, brief
interventions/anticipatory guidance, connecting families to
supports, and documenting concerns; ensuring child safety and
mandated reporting if required follows local laws. Option A and
D neglect critical psychosocial factors; option C may be
necessary in mandated-reporting situations but should be done
appropriately—immediate law enforcement without
assessment can be harmful and neglects the clinical role of
