Nsg 200 didactic 1 Study Questions With Complete Solutions
A female Korean patient accompanied by her husband and son
comes to the emergency department (ED) complaining of
abdominal pain. The patient speaks and understands Korean
only. Which person is the appropriate choice for the nurse to use
to get a history from this patient? Correct Answer A female
interpreter who speaks Korean and English and is available by
phone is the best choice because she can communicate with the
patient and is the same gender as the patient. The patient's
husband who speaks Korean and English is not the best choice
because he is a family member and may alter the meaning of
what is said. The patient's son who speaks Korean and English is
not the best choice because he is a family member and may alter
the meaning of what is said. A male technician working in the
ED who speaks Korean and English is not a good choice
because the patient may feel uncomfortable giving a history to a
stranger who is male.
A nurse asks the patient to stand with feet together, arms resting
at the sides, with eyes open and then with the eyes closed.
Which response by the patient indicates an expected cerebellar
function? Correct Answer Maintaining balance indicates
function of the cerebellum in the Romberg test. Losing balance
is an abnormal response, but turning in a circle is not a part of
the Romberg test. Options C and D are abnormal responses for
the Romberg test (a positive Romberg test).
A nurse assesses a patient with a head injury who has slowing
intellectual functioning, personality changes, and emotional
lability. The nurse correlates these findings with which area of
the brain? Correct Answer The frontal lobe controls
,intellectual function, awareness of self, personality, and
autonomic responses related to emotion. The parietal lobe
receives sensory input such as position sense, touch, shape, and
texture of objects. The thalamus is a relay and integration station
from the spinal cord to the cerebral cortex and other parts of the
brain. The temporal lobe contains the primary auditory cortex. It
also interprets auditory, visual, and somatic sensory inputs that
are stored in thought and memory.
A nurse assessing a patient who had a cerebrovascular accident
involving the Broca area suspects expressive or nonfluent
aphasia. What communication abilities does the nurse anticipate
from this patient? Correct Answer The inability to translate
ideas into meaningful speech or writing is termed expressive
aphasia or nonfluent aphasia and is associated with lesions in the
Broca area in the frontal lobe. The inability to comprehend the
speech of others is called receptive aphasia or fluent aphasia and
is associated with lesions in the Wernicke area in the temporal
lobe. Speech pattern A is more consistent with patients who
have involvement of muscles of speech rather than neurologic
deficits. Speech pattern D is not relevant to this patient.
A nurse correlates a patient's altered stereognosis with a
neurologic dysfunction in which part of the nervous system?
Correct Answer A parietal lobe or sensory nerve tract
dysfunction prevents a patient from identifying a familiar object
by touch, which is a definition of stereognosis. Sensory and
motor tracts travel though the midbrain and pons, but they are
not tested with stereognosis. Ascending tracts carry sensory
data, but the temporal lobe provides functions of hearing rather
than perception of touch. Motor tracts carry impulses for
,movement and they exit from the frontal lobe, which also helps
to maintain consciousness.
A nurse dorsiflexes a patient's right ankle 90 degrees and then
uses a reflex hammer to strike the appropriate tendon. What is
the expected response for this deep tendon reflex? Correct
Answer Plantar flexion is the expected response of the Achilles
deep tendon reflex. Extension of the right lower leg is the
expected response for the patellar deep tendon reflex. Plantar
flexion of the right toes is the expected response for the plantar
reflex (Babinski). Dorsiflexion of the right foot is an incorrect
response because the nurse is holding the patient's foot in
dorsiflexion, therefore dorsiflexion would not be an expected
response.
A nurse is interviewing a male patient who reports he has not
had a tetanus immunization in about 15 years because he had a
"bad reaction" to the last tetanus immunization. What is the
most appropriate response by the nurse in this case? Correct
Answer The nurse needs to collect more data about the reaction
from the patient to determine the type of reaction experienced.
The nurse is trying to assess the relationship between the
"reaction" reported by the patient and an allergic reaction. The
immunization should not be eliminated at this time. Additional
facts are needed to determine the type of reaction the patient
experienced. Documenting an allergy to the tetanus vaccine may
be an error because there are insufficient data to make that
determination at this time. Giving the vaccine may be an error if
the patient is allergic to the vaccine and additional data indicates
that may be the case.
, A nurse is interviewing a patient who was diagnosed with type 2
diabetes mellitus 6 months ago. Since that time, the patient has
gained weight and her blood glucose levels remain high. The
nurse suspects that the patient is noncompliant with her diet.
Which response by the nurse enhances data collection in this
situation? Correct Answer "Tell me about what foods you eat
and the frequency of your meals" gathers more data from the
patient to help the nurse confirm if noncompliance is the reason
for the weight gain and high glucose levels. "What symptoms do
you notice when your blood sugar levels are high?" does not
help the nurse determine if the patient is noncompliant. It may
be useful later when teaching the patient about her disease. "You
need to follow what the doctor has prescribed to manage your
disease" does not provide additional data for the nurse and may
be viewed as authoritarian and paternalistic. "Tell me what you
know about the cause of type 2 diabetes" assumes that the
reason for the weight gain and high glucose levels is a lack of
knowledge. A more therapeutic approach is to gather more data
from the patient about how the diabetes has been managed.
A nurse observes a student using the whisper test to screen a
patient with hearing loss. Which behavior by the student
requires a corrective comment from the nurse? Correct Answer
The student nurse should stand 1 to 2 feet in front or to the side
of the patient.
b. Standing beside the patient on the side of the ear being tested
A nurse reads in the history that a patient has a new onset of
acute otitis media. Based on this information, how does the
nurse expect this patient's tympanic membrane to appear?
Correct Answer c. Red
A female Korean patient accompanied by her husband and son
comes to the emergency department (ED) complaining of
abdominal pain. The patient speaks and understands Korean
only. Which person is the appropriate choice for the nurse to use
to get a history from this patient? Correct Answer A female
interpreter who speaks Korean and English and is available by
phone is the best choice because she can communicate with the
patient and is the same gender as the patient. The patient's
husband who speaks Korean and English is not the best choice
because he is a family member and may alter the meaning of
what is said. The patient's son who speaks Korean and English is
not the best choice because he is a family member and may alter
the meaning of what is said. A male technician working in the
ED who speaks Korean and English is not a good choice
because the patient may feel uncomfortable giving a history to a
stranger who is male.
A nurse asks the patient to stand with feet together, arms resting
at the sides, with eyes open and then with the eyes closed.
Which response by the patient indicates an expected cerebellar
function? Correct Answer Maintaining balance indicates
function of the cerebellum in the Romberg test. Losing balance
is an abnormal response, but turning in a circle is not a part of
the Romberg test. Options C and D are abnormal responses for
the Romberg test (a positive Romberg test).
A nurse assesses a patient with a head injury who has slowing
intellectual functioning, personality changes, and emotional
lability. The nurse correlates these findings with which area of
the brain? Correct Answer The frontal lobe controls
,intellectual function, awareness of self, personality, and
autonomic responses related to emotion. The parietal lobe
receives sensory input such as position sense, touch, shape, and
texture of objects. The thalamus is a relay and integration station
from the spinal cord to the cerebral cortex and other parts of the
brain. The temporal lobe contains the primary auditory cortex. It
also interprets auditory, visual, and somatic sensory inputs that
are stored in thought and memory.
A nurse assessing a patient who had a cerebrovascular accident
involving the Broca area suspects expressive or nonfluent
aphasia. What communication abilities does the nurse anticipate
from this patient? Correct Answer The inability to translate
ideas into meaningful speech or writing is termed expressive
aphasia or nonfluent aphasia and is associated with lesions in the
Broca area in the frontal lobe. The inability to comprehend the
speech of others is called receptive aphasia or fluent aphasia and
is associated with lesions in the Wernicke area in the temporal
lobe. Speech pattern A is more consistent with patients who
have involvement of muscles of speech rather than neurologic
deficits. Speech pattern D is not relevant to this patient.
A nurse correlates a patient's altered stereognosis with a
neurologic dysfunction in which part of the nervous system?
Correct Answer A parietal lobe or sensory nerve tract
dysfunction prevents a patient from identifying a familiar object
by touch, which is a definition of stereognosis. Sensory and
motor tracts travel though the midbrain and pons, but they are
not tested with stereognosis. Ascending tracts carry sensory
data, but the temporal lobe provides functions of hearing rather
than perception of touch. Motor tracts carry impulses for
,movement and they exit from the frontal lobe, which also helps
to maintain consciousness.
A nurse dorsiflexes a patient's right ankle 90 degrees and then
uses a reflex hammer to strike the appropriate tendon. What is
the expected response for this deep tendon reflex? Correct
Answer Plantar flexion is the expected response of the Achilles
deep tendon reflex. Extension of the right lower leg is the
expected response for the patellar deep tendon reflex. Plantar
flexion of the right toes is the expected response for the plantar
reflex (Babinski). Dorsiflexion of the right foot is an incorrect
response because the nurse is holding the patient's foot in
dorsiflexion, therefore dorsiflexion would not be an expected
response.
A nurse is interviewing a male patient who reports he has not
had a tetanus immunization in about 15 years because he had a
"bad reaction" to the last tetanus immunization. What is the
most appropriate response by the nurse in this case? Correct
Answer The nurse needs to collect more data about the reaction
from the patient to determine the type of reaction experienced.
The nurse is trying to assess the relationship between the
"reaction" reported by the patient and an allergic reaction. The
immunization should not be eliminated at this time. Additional
facts are needed to determine the type of reaction the patient
experienced. Documenting an allergy to the tetanus vaccine may
be an error because there are insufficient data to make that
determination at this time. Giving the vaccine may be an error if
the patient is allergic to the vaccine and additional data indicates
that may be the case.
, A nurse is interviewing a patient who was diagnosed with type 2
diabetes mellitus 6 months ago. Since that time, the patient has
gained weight and her blood glucose levels remain high. The
nurse suspects that the patient is noncompliant with her diet.
Which response by the nurse enhances data collection in this
situation? Correct Answer "Tell me about what foods you eat
and the frequency of your meals" gathers more data from the
patient to help the nurse confirm if noncompliance is the reason
for the weight gain and high glucose levels. "What symptoms do
you notice when your blood sugar levels are high?" does not
help the nurse determine if the patient is noncompliant. It may
be useful later when teaching the patient about her disease. "You
need to follow what the doctor has prescribed to manage your
disease" does not provide additional data for the nurse and may
be viewed as authoritarian and paternalistic. "Tell me what you
know about the cause of type 2 diabetes" assumes that the
reason for the weight gain and high glucose levels is a lack of
knowledge. A more therapeutic approach is to gather more data
from the patient about how the diabetes has been managed.
A nurse observes a student using the whisper test to screen a
patient with hearing loss. Which behavior by the student
requires a corrective comment from the nurse? Correct Answer
The student nurse should stand 1 to 2 feet in front or to the side
of the patient.
b. Standing beside the patient on the side of the ear being tested
A nurse reads in the history that a patient has a new onset of
acute otitis media. Based on this information, how does the
nurse expect this patient's tympanic membrane to appear?
Correct Answer c. Red
