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1. Helmets and automobile airbags work because they
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xs prevent blows to the head. xs xs xs xs
xs reduce acceleration injuries. xs xs
xs increase deceleration speed. xs xs
xs add deceleration distance. - ANSWER: reduce acceleration injuries.
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2. Which of the following statements best describes knife wounds? Their velocity i
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s _____, the temporary cavity _____, and damage _____.
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xs low; depends on the size of the knife; is usually extensive
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xs low; is insignificant; is limited to structures directly in object's path
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xs high; will be small; affects structures at some distance from the wound tract
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xs high; may be massive; results in widespread tissue destruction -
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xs ANSWER: low; is insignificant; is limited to structures directly in object's path
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4. Injury to which body structure is commonly a DELAYED finding in the blast tra
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uma patient? xs
xs Heart
xs Bladder
xs Bowel
xs Spleen - ANSWER: Bowel xs xs xs
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5. Shock occurs when
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xs the sodium-potassium pump fails.
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xs ATP levels are less than lactic acid levels.
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xs cellular oxygen demand is greater than supply.
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xs aerobic metabolism exceeds anaerobic metabolism. -
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xs ANSWER: cellular oxygen demand is greater than supply.
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6. _____ shock is the most common type of shock immediately after traumatic inju
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ry.
Distributive Septic Cardiogenic Hypovolemic - ANSWER: Hypovolemic
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7. Which findings suggest a trauma patient is experiencing cardiogenic shock?
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xs Bradycardia, cyanosis, and elevated mean arterial pressure xs xs xs xs xs xs
xs High shock index, mottling, and hypotension
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xs Tachycardia, flushing, and widened pulse pressure xs xs xs xs xs
xs Pallor, course breath sounds, and hypertension -
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xs ANSWER: High shock index, mottling, and hypotension xs xs xs xs xs xs
8. A multisystem trauma patient has become progressively tachycardic and hypote
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nsive one week after hospital admission. Pulse pressure is wide. The most likely ex
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planation for this finding is xs xs xs xs
xs dehydration.
xs fat embolism syndrome.
xs xs
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xs surgical site bleeding. xs xs
xs sepsis. - ANSWER: sepsis.
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9. Normalizing a trauma patient's body temperature helps control bleeding because
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hypothermia
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xs produces shivering and makes platelets hyperactive.
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xs causes platelet dysfunction and clotting system failure.
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xs stimulates the clotting cascade and reduces blood pressure.
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xs increases tissue oxygen consumption and cold diuresis. -
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xs ANSWER: causes platelet dysfunction and clotting system failure.
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10. What are the 3 components of the "trauma triad of death"?
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xs Coagulopathy, hypothermia, and acidosis xs xs xs
xs Hypothermia, alkalosis, and coagulopathy xs xs xs
xs Alkalosis, hyperthermia, and tissue injury
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xs Tissue injury, hyperthermia, and acidosis -
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xs ANSWER: Coagulopathy, hypothermia, and acidosisxs xs xs xs
11. Compensatory responses to hypovolemic shock include
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xs vasoconstriction, tachycardia, and oliguria. xs xs xs
xs immune system activation, water retention, and bradycardia.
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xs tachycardia, diuresis, and hypoglycemia. xs xs xs
xs fluid shifts, histamine release, and increased urine output. -
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xs ANSWER: vasoconstriction, tachycardia, and oliguria.
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