TEST BANK
Critical Thinking, Clinical Reasoning, and Clinical Judgment: A Practical Approach
ROSALINDA ALFARO-LEFEVRE
7th Edition
,Critical Thinking Clinical Reasoning and Clinical
Judgment 7th Edition A Practical Approach
Test Bank
Critical Thinking Clinical Reasoning and Clinical Judgment 7th Edition A Practical
Approach Test Bank
Chapter 1. What are Critical Thinking, Clinical Reasoning, and Clinical
Judgment? Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. Which of the following characteristics do the various definitions of critical
thinking have in common? Critical thinking
1)
Requires reasoned
thought 2)
Asks the questions why? or
how? 3)
Is a hierarchical
process 4)
Demands specialized thinking skills
ANS: 1
The definitions listed in the text as well as definitions in Box 2-1 state that critical
thinking requires reasoning or reasoned thinking. Critical thinking is neither linear nor
hierarchical. That means that the steps involved in critical thinking are not necessarily
sequential, where mastery of one step is necessary to proceed to the next. Critical
thinking is a purposeful, dynamic, analytic process that contributes to reasoned
decisions and sound contextual judgments.
PTS:1DIF:Moderate high-level question, answer not stated verbatim
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level: Analysis
2. A few nurses on a unit have proposed to the nurse manager that the process for
documenting care on the unit be changed. They have described a completely new
system. Why is it important for the nurse manager to have a critical attitude? It will help
the manager to
1)
Consider all the possible advantages and
disadvantages 2)
Maintain an open mind about the proposed
change 3)
Apply the nursing process to the
situation 4)
Make a decision based on past experience with
documentation ANS: 2
A critical attitude enables the person to think fairly and keep an open mind.
PTS:1DIF:ModerateKEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level:
Comprehension
1|Page
, 3. The nurse has just been assigned to the clinical care of a newly admitted
patient. To know how to best care for the patient, the nurse uses the nursing process.
Which step would the nurse probably do first?
1)
Assessme
nt 2)
Diagnosi
s 3)
Plan
outcomes 4)
Plan interventions
ANS: 1
Assessment is the first step of the nursing process. The nursing diagnosis is derived from
the data gathered during assessment, outcomes from the diagnosis, and interventions
from the outcomes. PTS:1DIF:Easy
KEY: Nursing process: Assessment | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level: Application
4. Which of the following is an example of theoretical
knowledge? 1)
A nurse uses sterile technique to catheterize a
patient. 2)
Room air has an oxygen concentration of
21%. 3)
Glucose monitoring machines should be calibrated
daily. 4)
An irregular apical heart rate should be compared with the radial
pulse. ANS: 2
Theoretical knowledge consists of research findings, facts, principles, and theories.
The oxygen concentration of room air is a scientific fact. The others are examples of
practical knowledgewhat to do and how to do it.
PTS:1DIF:Moderate; high-level question, answer not stated verbatim
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level: Application
5. Which of the following is an example of practical knowledge? (Assume all
are true.) 1)
The tricuspid valve is between the right atrium and ventricle of the
heart. 2)
The pancreas does not produce enough insulin in type 1
diabetes. 3)
When assessing the abdomen, you should auscultate before
palpating. 4)
Research shows pain medication given intravenously acts faster than by other
routes. ANS: 3
2|Page
, Practical knowledge is knowing what to do and how to do it, such as how to do an
assessment. The others are examples of theoretical knowledge, anatomy (tricuspid
valve), fact (type 1 diabetes), and research (IV pain medication).
PTS:1DIF:Moderate high-level question, answer not stated verbatim
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level: Application
6. Which of the following is an example of self-knowledge? The nurse thinks, I know
that I 1)
Should take the clients apical pulse for 1 minute before giving
digoxin 2)
Should follow the clients wishes even though it is not what I would
want 3)
Have religious beliefs that may make it difficult to take care of some
clients 4)
Need to honor the clients request not to discuss his health concern with the
family ANS: 3
Self-knowledge is being aware of your religious and cultural beliefs and values. Taking
the pulse is an example of practical knowledge. Following client wishes and honoring
client requests are examples of ethical knowledge.
PTS:1DIFifficult; high-level question, answer not stated verbatim | V1, high-level
question, answer not stated verbatim
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level: Application
7. Which of the following is the most important reason for nurses to be critical
thinkers? 1)
Nurses need to follow policies and
procedures. 2)
Nurses work with other healthcare team
members. 3)
Nurses care for clients who have multiple health
problems. 4)
Nurses have to be flexible and work variable
schedules. ANS: 3
Critical thinking is essential for client care, particularly when the care is complex,
involving numerous health issues. Following policies and procedures does not
necessarily require critical thinking, and working with others or being flexible and
working different schedules do not necessarily require critical thinking.
PTS:1DIF:Moderate; high-level question, answer not stated verbatim
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level: Application
8. The nurse administering pain medication every 4 hours is an example of which
aspect of patient care?
1)
Assessment
data 2)
Nursing diagnosis
3|Page
Critical Thinking, Clinical Reasoning, and Clinical Judgment: A Practical Approach
ROSALINDA ALFARO-LEFEVRE
7th Edition
,Critical Thinking Clinical Reasoning and Clinical
Judgment 7th Edition A Practical Approach
Test Bank
Critical Thinking Clinical Reasoning and Clinical Judgment 7th Edition A Practical
Approach Test Bank
Chapter 1. What are Critical Thinking, Clinical Reasoning, and Clinical
Judgment? Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. Which of the following characteristics do the various definitions of critical
thinking have in common? Critical thinking
1)
Requires reasoned
thought 2)
Asks the questions why? or
how? 3)
Is a hierarchical
process 4)
Demands specialized thinking skills
ANS: 1
The definitions listed in the text as well as definitions in Box 2-1 state that critical
thinking requires reasoning or reasoned thinking. Critical thinking is neither linear nor
hierarchical. That means that the steps involved in critical thinking are not necessarily
sequential, where mastery of one step is necessary to proceed to the next. Critical
thinking is a purposeful, dynamic, analytic process that contributes to reasoned
decisions and sound contextual judgments.
PTS:1DIF:Moderate high-level question, answer not stated verbatim
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level: Analysis
2. A few nurses on a unit have proposed to the nurse manager that the process for
documenting care on the unit be changed. They have described a completely new
system. Why is it important for the nurse manager to have a critical attitude? It will help
the manager to
1)
Consider all the possible advantages and
disadvantages 2)
Maintain an open mind about the proposed
change 3)
Apply the nursing process to the
situation 4)
Make a decision based on past experience with
documentation ANS: 2
A critical attitude enables the person to think fairly and keep an open mind.
PTS:1DIF:ModerateKEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level:
Comprehension
1|Page
, 3. The nurse has just been assigned to the clinical care of a newly admitted
patient. To know how to best care for the patient, the nurse uses the nursing process.
Which step would the nurse probably do first?
1)
Assessme
nt 2)
Diagnosi
s 3)
Plan
outcomes 4)
Plan interventions
ANS: 1
Assessment is the first step of the nursing process. The nursing diagnosis is derived from
the data gathered during assessment, outcomes from the diagnosis, and interventions
from the outcomes. PTS:1DIF:Easy
KEY: Nursing process: Assessment | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level: Application
4. Which of the following is an example of theoretical
knowledge? 1)
A nurse uses sterile technique to catheterize a
patient. 2)
Room air has an oxygen concentration of
21%. 3)
Glucose monitoring machines should be calibrated
daily. 4)
An irregular apical heart rate should be compared with the radial
pulse. ANS: 2
Theoretical knowledge consists of research findings, facts, principles, and theories.
The oxygen concentration of room air is a scientific fact. The others are examples of
practical knowledgewhat to do and how to do it.
PTS:1DIF:Moderate; high-level question, answer not stated verbatim
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level: Application
5. Which of the following is an example of practical knowledge? (Assume all
are true.) 1)
The tricuspid valve is between the right atrium and ventricle of the
heart. 2)
The pancreas does not produce enough insulin in type 1
diabetes. 3)
When assessing the abdomen, you should auscultate before
palpating. 4)
Research shows pain medication given intravenously acts faster than by other
routes. ANS: 3
2|Page
, Practical knowledge is knowing what to do and how to do it, such as how to do an
assessment. The others are examples of theoretical knowledge, anatomy (tricuspid
valve), fact (type 1 diabetes), and research (IV pain medication).
PTS:1DIF:Moderate high-level question, answer not stated verbatim
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level: Application
6. Which of the following is an example of self-knowledge? The nurse thinks, I know
that I 1)
Should take the clients apical pulse for 1 minute before giving
digoxin 2)
Should follow the clients wishes even though it is not what I would
want 3)
Have religious beliefs that may make it difficult to take care of some
clients 4)
Need to honor the clients request not to discuss his health concern with the
family ANS: 3
Self-knowledge is being aware of your religious and cultural beliefs and values. Taking
the pulse is an example of practical knowledge. Following client wishes and honoring
client requests are examples of ethical knowledge.
PTS:1DIFifficult; high-level question, answer not stated verbatim | V1, high-level
question, answer not stated verbatim
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level: Application
7. Which of the following is the most important reason for nurses to be critical
thinkers? 1)
Nurses need to follow policies and
procedures. 2)
Nurses work with other healthcare team
members. 3)
Nurses care for clients who have multiple health
problems. 4)
Nurses have to be flexible and work variable
schedules. ANS: 3
Critical thinking is essential for client care, particularly when the care is complex,
involving numerous health issues. Following policies and procedures does not
necessarily require critical thinking, and working with others or being flexible and
working different schedules do not necessarily require critical thinking.
PTS:1DIF:Moderate; high-level question, answer not stated verbatim
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level: Application
8. The nurse administering pain medication every 4 hours is an example of which
aspect of patient care?
1)
Assessment
data 2)
Nursing diagnosis
3|Page
