PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 1 PRACTICE PROBLEMS QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS 2025.

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 1
PRACTICE PROBLEMS QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS 2025-
2026
AApatientAisAfoundAtoAhaveAliverAdisease,AresultingAinAtheAremovalAofAaAlobeAofAhisAliver.AAdapta
tionAtoAtheAreducedAsizeAofAtheAliverAleadsAtoA___________AofAtheAremainingAliverAcells.



A.AMetaplasiaA

B.AOrganAatrophyA

C.ACompensatoryAhyperplasia

D.APhysiologicAhyperplasiaA-AcorrectAanswersAC

AnAolderAadultApatientAcomesAtoAtheAclinicAcomplainingAofAnotAbeingAableAtoAdoAwhatAheAusedA
toAbeAableAto.AYouAknowAthatAnormalAchangesAassociatedAwithAagingAinclude:A(SelectAallAthatAa
pply.)A



A.AImprovedAbloodAflowA

B.ASlowedAmetabolicArate

C.ADecreasedAbrainAweightA

D.AImprovedAnerveAfiberAconduction

E.ALessArespiratoryAcapacityA-AcorrectAanswersAB,AC,AE

AA20-year-
oldAcollegeAstudentAhasApresentedAtoAherAcampusAmedicalAclinicAforAaAscheduledAPapAsmear.AT
heAclinicianAwhoAwillAinterpretAtheAsmearAwillAexamineAcellAsamplesAforAevidenceAof:



A.AChangesAinAcellAshape,Asize,AandAorganizationA

B.APresenceAofAunexpectedAcellAtypes

C.AIschemicAchangesAinAcellAsample

D.AAbnormallyAhighAnumbersAofAcellsA-AcorrectAanswersAA

,TheAparentsAofAaA4-year-
oldAgirlAhaveAsoughtAcareAbecauseAtheirAdaughterAhasAadmittedAtoAchewingAandAswallowingAi
mportedAtoyAfigurinesAthatAhaveAbeenAdeterminedAtoAbeAmadeAofAlead.AWhichAofAtheAfollowin
gAbloodAtestsAshouldAtheAcareAteamAprioritize?A



A.AWhiteAbloodAcellAlevelsAwithAdifferentialA

B.ARedAbloodAcellAlevelsAandAmorphologyA

C.AUreaAandAcreatinineAlevelsA

D.ALiverAfunctionApanelA-AcorrectAanswersAB

LeadA->Aanemia,ARBCAlysisA



YouAknowAit'sAnotAAAbecauseAthereAisAnoAinfectionAinvolved.ACAisAfocusedAonAkidneyAfunctionAw
hileADAisAfocusedAonAliverAfunction.ABothAofAtheseAwouldAbeAimportantAinAtheAcaseAofAleadApois
oningABUTAtheApriorityAanswerAisAB,AbecauseAyouAneedAfirstAtoAaddressAtheAmostAlife-
threateningApatientAneeds.ATheAlittleAgirlAinAthisAquestionAcanAgoAintoAshockAorAsufferApermane
ntAorganAdamageAifAherARBCsAareAlow.

AApatientAwithAsevereAperipheralAvascularAdiseaseAhasAdevelopedAsignsAofAdryAgangreneAonAth
eAgreatAtoeAofAoneAfoot.AWhichAofAtheAfollowingApathophysiologicAprocessesAmostAlikelyAcontri
butedAtoAthisAdiagnosis?A



A.AInappropriateAactivationAofAapoptosisA

B.ABacterialAinvasionA

C.AImpairedAarterialAbloodAsupplyA

D.AMetaplasticAcellularAchangesA-AcorrectAanswersAB



RememberAthatAit'sAnotACAbecauseAtoAhaveAgangrene,AyouAmustAhaveAinfection

AlthoughAstressAexposureAinitiatesAintegratedAresponsesAbyAmultipleAsystems,AtheAmostAimpor
tantAchangesAareAfirstAactivatedAbyAwhichAsystem?



A.APulmonary

B.AGastrointestinalA

, C.ANeuroendocrine

D.ACardiovascularA-AcorrectAanswersAC

WhichAmanifestationAofAstressAreflectsAtheAnon-specificAfightAorAflightAresponse?
A



A.ADecreasedApupillaryAlightAresponseA

B.AIncreasedAGIAmotilityA

C.ADecreasedAshort-termAmemory

D.AIncreasedAcardiopulmonaryAratesA-AcorrectAanswersAD



ThisAwouldAfallAunderAphysiologicAresponsesAtoAstress!!ASlideA25AinAyourAlectureApowerpoint

Stress-inducedAcortisolAhormoneAsecretionAisAassociatedAwith:A



A.AIncreasedAgrowthAhormoneAlevel

B.ARegulationAofAtheAstressAresponse

C.AIncreasedAthyroid-stimulatingAhormoneA

D.ADepressedAadrenalAglandAfunctionA-AcorrectAanswersAB




YouAknowAit'sAnotAAAbecauseAIAmentionedAinAanAearlierAslideAthatAgrowthAhormoneAlevelsAdecr
easeAwithAstress.AWeAdidn'tAmentionAthyroid-
stimulatingAhormoneAasAoneAofAtheAonesAassociatedAwithAtheAstressArepsonseAsoAyouAcanApret
tyAmuchAassumeAthat'sAnotAright.AAndAweAknowAadrenalAfunctionAisAnotAdepressedAbecauseAA
CTHAfromAtheAanteriorApituitaryAstimulatesAtheAadrenalAglandsAtoAreleaseAcortisol.

WhichAofAtheAfollowingAfactorsAareAknownAtoAcontributeAtoAanAindividual'sAabilityAtoAadaptAtoA
stress?A(SelectAallAthatAapply.)



A.AEthnicity

B.AAge

C.ASocioeconomicAstatus

D.AGender