,Table of Content qy qy
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology ...................................................................................................................................... 4
qy qy qy
Chapter 02: Genes and Genetic Diseases ................................................................................................................. 13
qy qy qy qy qy
Chapter 03: Epigenetics and Disease........................................................................................................................ 23
qy qy qy qy
U SN T O .................................................................................................................................................................... 23
qy qy
Chapter 04: Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology .................................................................................................... 27
qy qy qy qy qy qy
Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysiology, 6th Edition ....................................................................... 39
qy qy qy qy qy qy
Chapter 06: Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound Healing Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathoph
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
ysiology, 6th Edition ................................................................................................................................................. 48
qy qy
Chapter 07: Adaptive Immunity ............................................................................................................................... 60
qy qy qy
Chapter 08: Infection and Defects in Mechanisms of Defense Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysio
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
logy, 6th Edition ........................................................................................................................................................ 66
qy qy
SINGTB.COM ............................................................................................................................................................... 74
Chapter 09: Stress and Disease ................................................................................................................................ 76
qy qy qy qy
Chapter 10: Biology, Clinical Manifestations, and Treatment of Cancer Huether & McCance: Understanding Pa
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
thophysiology, 6th Edition ........................................................................................................................................ 81
qy qy
Chapter 11: Cancer Epidemiology ............................................................................................................................ 87
qy qy qy
Chapter 12: Cancer in Children ................................................................................................................................ 91
qy qy qy qy
Chapter 13: Structure and Function of theNeurologic System Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysiol
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
ogy, 6th Edition ........................................................................................................................................................ 94
qy qy
Chapter 14: Pain, Temperature, Sleep, and Sensory Function Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysiol
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
ogy, 6th Edition ....................................................................................................................................................... 105
qy qy
Chapter 15: Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Motor Function .......................... 116
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
Chapter 16: Disorders of theCentral and Peripheral Nervous Systems and theNeuromuscular Junction............. 126
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
Chapter 17: Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysiolo
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
gy, 6th Edition......................................................................................................................................................... 138
qy qy
Chapter 18: Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation ................................................................................................ 147
qy qy qy qy qy
Chapter 19: Alterations of Hormonal Regulation................................................................................................... 156
qy qy qy qy qy
Chapter 20: Structure and Function of the Hematologic System Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophys
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
iology, 6th Edition ................................................................................................................................................... 169
qy qy
Chapter 21: Alterations of Hematologic Function ................................................................................................. 176
qy qy qy qy qy
INGTB.COM ............................................................................................................................................................... 177
Chapter 22: Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysio
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
logy, 6th Edition ..................................................................................................................................................... 192
qy qy
Chapter 23: Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems Huether & McCance: Under
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
standing Pathophysiology, 6th Edition.................................................................................................................... 200
qy qy qy
Chapter 24: Alterations of Cardiovascular Function .............................................................................................. 210
qy qy qy qy qy
U SN T O .................................................................................................................................................................. 210
qy qy
SINGTB.COM ............................................................................................................................................................. 223
U SN T O .................................................................................................................................................................. 226
qy qy
U SN T O .................................................................................................................................................................. 228
qy qy
Chapter 25: Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophys
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
iology, 6th Edition ................................................................................................................................................... 229
qy qy
SNT
qy qy q y q y O .................................................................................................................................................................... 232
Chapter 26: Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysio
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
logy, 6th Edition ...................................................................................................................................................... 236
qy qy
Chapter 27: Alterations of Pulmonary Function .................................................................................................... 245
qy qy qy qy qy
, Chapter 28: Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysiolo
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
gy, 6th Edition......................................................................................................................................................... 257
qy qy
Chapter 29: Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems Huether & McCance: Understanding P
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
athophysiology, 6th Edition .................................................................................................................................... 265
qy qy
Chapter 30: Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysiol
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
ogy, 6th Edition ...................................................................................................................................................... 273
qy qy
Chapter 31: Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children Huether & McCance: Understanding
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
Pathophysiology, 6th Edition.................................................................................................................................. 280
qy qy
Chapter 32: Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathoph
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
ysiology, 6th Edition ............................................................................................................................................... 286
qy qy
Chapter 33: Alterations of the Female Reproductive System Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysiolo
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
gy, 6th Edition......................................................................................................................................................... 295
qy qy
Chapter 34: Alterations of the Male Reproductive System ................................................................................... 300
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
Chapter 35: Structure and Function of the Digestive System Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysiolo
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
gy, 6th Edition......................................................................................................................................................... 305
qy qy
Chapter 36: Alterations of Digestive Function ....................................................................................................... 312
qy qy qy qy qy
Chapter 37: Alterations of Digestive Function in Children ................................................................................... 325
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
Chapter 38: Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathop
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
hysiology, 6th Edition ............................................................................................................................................. 334
qy qy
U SN T O .................................................................................................................................................................. 337
qy qy
Chapter 39: Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function ............................................................................................ 342
qy qy qy qy qy
Chapter 40: Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathoph
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
ysiology, 6th Edition ............................................................................................................................................... 352
qy qy
U SN T O .................................................................................................................................................................. 354
qy qy
Chapter 41: Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathoph
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
ysiology, 6th Edition ............................................................................................................................................... 357
qy qy
Chapter 42: Alterations of the Integument in Children ......................................................................................... 366
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
, Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
qy qy qy
Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysiology, 6th Edition
qy qy qy qy qy qy
MULTIPLE CHOICE qy
1. A student is observing a cell under the microscope. It is observed to have supercoiled D
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
NA with histones. Which of the following would also be observed by the student?
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
a. A single circular chromosome
qy qy qy
b. A nucleus qy
c. Free-floating nuclear material qy qy
d. No organelles qy
ANS: B q y
The cell described is a eukaryotic cell, so it has histones and a supercoiled DNA within its
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
nucleus; thus, the nucleus should be observed. A single circular chromosome called a prok
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
aryote contains free-floating nuclear material but has no organelles.
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
REF: p. 2 qy qy
2. A nurse is instructing the staff about cellular functions. Which cellular function is the nur
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
se describing when an isolated cell absorbs oxygen and uses it to transform nutrients to en
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
ergy?
a. Metabolic absorption qy
b. Communication
c. Secretion
d. Respiration
ANS: D qy
The cell’s ability to absorb oxygen is referred to as respiration while its communication ability in
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
volves maintenance of a steady dynamic state, metabolic absorption provides nutrition, and secre
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
tion allows for the synthesizing of new substances.
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
REF: p. 2 qy qy
3. A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which region of the cell would most
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy q
of the genetic information be contained?
y qy qy qy qy qy
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Nucleus Cytoplasm qy
ANS: C qy
The region of the cell that contains genetic material, including a large amount of ribonuclei
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
c acid, most of the DNA, and DNA-
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
binding proteins, is the nucleolus, which is located within the cell’s nucleus. Mitochondria
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
is associated with cellular respiration, while ribosomes are involved with protein manufact
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
uring. Cytoplasm is a fluid filling that is a component of the cell.
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
REF: p. 2 qy qy
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology ...................................................................................................................................... 4
qy qy qy
Chapter 02: Genes and Genetic Diseases ................................................................................................................. 13
qy qy qy qy qy
Chapter 03: Epigenetics and Disease........................................................................................................................ 23
qy qy qy qy
U SN T O .................................................................................................................................................................... 23
qy qy
Chapter 04: Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology .................................................................................................... 27
qy qy qy qy qy qy
Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysiology, 6th Edition ....................................................................... 39
qy qy qy qy qy qy
Chapter 06: Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound Healing Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathoph
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
ysiology, 6th Edition ................................................................................................................................................. 48
qy qy
Chapter 07: Adaptive Immunity ............................................................................................................................... 60
qy qy qy
Chapter 08: Infection and Defects in Mechanisms of Defense Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysio
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
logy, 6th Edition ........................................................................................................................................................ 66
qy qy
SINGTB.COM ............................................................................................................................................................... 74
Chapter 09: Stress and Disease ................................................................................................................................ 76
qy qy qy qy
Chapter 10: Biology, Clinical Manifestations, and Treatment of Cancer Huether & McCance: Understanding Pa
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
thophysiology, 6th Edition ........................................................................................................................................ 81
qy qy
Chapter 11: Cancer Epidemiology ............................................................................................................................ 87
qy qy qy
Chapter 12: Cancer in Children ................................................................................................................................ 91
qy qy qy qy
Chapter 13: Structure and Function of theNeurologic System Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysiol
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
ogy, 6th Edition ........................................................................................................................................................ 94
qy qy
Chapter 14: Pain, Temperature, Sleep, and Sensory Function Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysiol
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
ogy, 6th Edition ....................................................................................................................................................... 105
qy qy
Chapter 15: Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Motor Function .......................... 116
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
Chapter 16: Disorders of theCentral and Peripheral Nervous Systems and theNeuromuscular Junction............. 126
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
Chapter 17: Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysiolo
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
gy, 6th Edition......................................................................................................................................................... 138
qy qy
Chapter 18: Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation ................................................................................................ 147
qy qy qy qy qy
Chapter 19: Alterations of Hormonal Regulation................................................................................................... 156
qy qy qy qy qy
Chapter 20: Structure and Function of the Hematologic System Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophys
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
iology, 6th Edition ................................................................................................................................................... 169
qy qy
Chapter 21: Alterations of Hematologic Function ................................................................................................. 176
qy qy qy qy qy
INGTB.COM ............................................................................................................................................................... 177
Chapter 22: Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysio
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
logy, 6th Edition ..................................................................................................................................................... 192
qy qy
Chapter 23: Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems Huether & McCance: Under
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
standing Pathophysiology, 6th Edition.................................................................................................................... 200
qy qy qy
Chapter 24: Alterations of Cardiovascular Function .............................................................................................. 210
qy qy qy qy qy
U SN T O .................................................................................................................................................................. 210
qy qy
SINGTB.COM ............................................................................................................................................................. 223
U SN T O .................................................................................................................................................................. 226
qy qy
U SN T O .................................................................................................................................................................. 228
qy qy
Chapter 25: Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophys
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
iology, 6th Edition ................................................................................................................................................... 229
qy qy
SNT
qy qy q y q y O .................................................................................................................................................................... 232
Chapter 26: Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysio
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
logy, 6th Edition ...................................................................................................................................................... 236
qy qy
Chapter 27: Alterations of Pulmonary Function .................................................................................................... 245
qy qy qy qy qy
, Chapter 28: Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysiolo
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
gy, 6th Edition......................................................................................................................................................... 257
qy qy
Chapter 29: Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems Huether & McCance: Understanding P
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
athophysiology, 6th Edition .................................................................................................................................... 265
qy qy
Chapter 30: Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysiol
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
ogy, 6th Edition ...................................................................................................................................................... 273
qy qy
Chapter 31: Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children Huether & McCance: Understanding
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
Pathophysiology, 6th Edition.................................................................................................................................. 280
qy qy
Chapter 32: Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathoph
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
ysiology, 6th Edition ............................................................................................................................................... 286
qy qy
Chapter 33: Alterations of the Female Reproductive System Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysiolo
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
gy, 6th Edition......................................................................................................................................................... 295
qy qy
Chapter 34: Alterations of the Male Reproductive System ................................................................................... 300
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
Chapter 35: Structure and Function of the Digestive System Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysiolo
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
gy, 6th Edition......................................................................................................................................................... 305
qy qy
Chapter 36: Alterations of Digestive Function ....................................................................................................... 312
qy qy qy qy qy
Chapter 37: Alterations of Digestive Function in Children ................................................................................... 325
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
Chapter 38: Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathop
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
hysiology, 6th Edition ............................................................................................................................................. 334
qy qy
U SN T O .................................................................................................................................................................. 337
qy qy
Chapter 39: Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function ............................................................................................ 342
qy qy qy qy qy
Chapter 40: Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathoph
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
ysiology, 6th Edition ............................................................................................................................................... 352
qy qy
U SN T O .................................................................................................................................................................. 354
qy qy
Chapter 41: Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathoph
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
ysiology, 6th Edition ............................................................................................................................................... 357
qy qy
Chapter 42: Alterations of the Integument in Children ......................................................................................... 366
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
, Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
qy qy qy
Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysiology, 6th Edition
qy qy qy qy qy qy
MULTIPLE CHOICE qy
1. A student is observing a cell under the microscope. It is observed to have supercoiled D
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
NA with histones. Which of the following would also be observed by the student?
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
a. A single circular chromosome
qy qy qy
b. A nucleus qy
c. Free-floating nuclear material qy qy
d. No organelles qy
ANS: B q y
The cell described is a eukaryotic cell, so it has histones and a supercoiled DNA within its
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
nucleus; thus, the nucleus should be observed. A single circular chromosome called a prok
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
aryote contains free-floating nuclear material but has no organelles.
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
REF: p. 2 qy qy
2. A nurse is instructing the staff about cellular functions. Which cellular function is the nur
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
se describing when an isolated cell absorbs oxygen and uses it to transform nutrients to en
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
ergy?
a. Metabolic absorption qy
b. Communication
c. Secretion
d. Respiration
ANS: D qy
The cell’s ability to absorb oxygen is referred to as respiration while its communication ability in
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
volves maintenance of a steady dynamic state, metabolic absorption provides nutrition, and secre
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
tion allows for the synthesizing of new substances.
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
REF: p. 2 qy qy
3. A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which region of the cell would most
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy q
of the genetic information be contained?
y qy qy qy qy qy
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Nucleus Cytoplasm qy
ANS: C qy
The region of the cell that contains genetic material, including a large amount of ribonuclei
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
c acid, most of the DNA, and DNA-
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
binding proteins, is the nucleolus, which is located within the cell’s nucleus. Mitochondria
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
is associated with cellular respiration, while ribosomes are involved with protein manufact
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
uring. Cytoplasm is a fluid filling that is a component of the cell.
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
REF: p. 2 qy qy
