Chapteri01:iNursing,iTheory,iandiProfessionaliPractice
Yoosti&iCrawford:iFundamentalsiofiNursing:iActiveiLearningiforiCollaborativeiPractice,i2ndiEdition
MULTIPLEiCHOICE
1. Aigroupiofinursingistudentsiareidiscussingitheiimpactiofinonnursingitheoriesiiniclinicalipractice.iTheist
udentsiwouldibeicorrectiifitheyichoseiwhichitheoryitoiprioritizeipatienticare?
a.
Erikson’siPsychosocialiTheory
b.
Paul’siCritical-ThinkingiTheory
c.
Maslow’siHierarchyiofiNeeds
d.
Rosenstock’siHealthiBeliefiModel
ANS:i C
Maslow’sihierarchyiofineedsispecifiesitheipsychologicaliandiphysiologicifactorsithatiaffectieachiperson’si
physicaliandimentalihealth.iTheinurse’siunderstandingiofitheseifactorsihelpsiwithiformulatingiNursingidi
agnosesithatiaddressitheipatient’sineedsiandivaluesitoiprioritizeicare.iErikson’siPsychosocialiTheoryiofiD
evelopmentiandiSocializationiisibasedioniindividuals’iinteractingiandilearningiaboutitheiriworld.iNursesi
useiconceptsiofidevelopmentalitheoryitoicriticallyithinkiiniprovidingicareiforitheiripatientsiativariousistag
esiofitheirilives.
Rosenstocki(1974)idevelopeditheipsychologicaliHealthiBeliefiModel.iTheimodeliaddressesipossibleireasonsif
oriwhyiaipatientimayinoticomplyiwithirecommendedihealthipromotionibehaviors.iThisimodeliisiespeciallyiusef
ulitoinursesiasitheyieducateipatients.
DIF: Remembering OBJ:i i 1.5 TOP:i Planning
MSC:i NCLEXiClientiNeedsiCa t e go r y:S a fe ia nd iEff e c t iv e iCareiEnvironment:iManagementiofiCareiNOT
:i Concepts:iCareiCoordination i ii
2. Ainursingistudentiisipreparingistudyinotesifromiairecentilectureiininursingihistory.iTheistudentiwo
uldicreditiFlorenceiNightingaleiforiwhichidefinitioniofinursing?
a.
Theiimbalanceibetweenitheipatientianditheienvironmentidecreasesitheicapacityiforihealth.
b.
Theinurseineedsitoifocusioniinterpersonaliprocessesibetweeninurseiandipatient.
c.
Theinurseiassistsitheipatientiwithiessentialifunctionsitowardiindependence.
d.
Humanibeingsiareiinteractingiinicontinuousimotioniasienergyifields.
ANS:i A
FlorenceiNightingale’si(1860)iconceptiofitheienvironmentiemphasizedipreventioniandicleaniair,iwater,ia
ndihousing.iThisitheoryistatesithatitheiimbalanceibetweenitheipatientianditheienvironmentidecreasesitheic
apacityiforihealthiandidoesinotiallowiforiconservationiofienergy.iHildegardiPeplaui(1952)ifocusedionitheir
olesiplayedibyitheinurseianditheiinterpersonaliprocessibetweeniainurseiandiaipatient.iVirginiaiHendersoni
describeditheinurse’siroleiasisubstitutivei(doingiforitheiperson),isupplementaryi(helpingitheiperson),iorico
mplementaryi(workingiwithitheiperson),iwithitheigoaliofiindependenceiforitheipatient.iMarthaiRogersi(19
70)idevelopeditheiScienceiofiUnitaryiHumaniBeings.iSheistatedithatihumanibeingsianditheirienvironment
siareiinteractingiinicontinuousimotioniasiinfiniteienergyifields.
DIF: Understanding OBJ:i 1.4
TOP:iPlanningiMSC:i NCLEXiClientiNeedsiCategory:iHealthiPromotioniandiMaint
enancei NOT:iConcepts:iHealthiPromotion
, FundamentalsiofiNursingi2ndiEditioniYoostiTestiBank
3. TheinurseiidentifiesiwhichinurseiestablisheditheiAmericaniRediCrossiduringitheiCiviliWar?
a.
DorotheaiDix
b.
LindaiRichards
c.
LenaiHigbee
d.
ClaraiBarton
ANS:i D
ClaraiBartonipracticedinursingiinitheiCiviliWariandiestablisheditheiAmericaniRediCross.iDoroth
eaiDixiwasitheiheadiofitheiU.S.iSanitaryiCommission,iwhichiwasiaiforerunneriofitheiArmyiNursei
Corps.iLindaiRichardsiwasiAmerica’sifirstitrainedinurse,igraduatingifromiBoston’siWomen’siHo
spitaliini1873,iandiLenaiHigbee,isuperintendentiofitheiU.S.iNavyiNurseiCorps,iwasiawardedithei
NavyiCrossiini1918.
DIF: Remembering OBJ:i 1.3
TOP:iAssessmentiMSC:i NCLEXiClientiNeedsiCategory:iHealthiPromotioniandiMaint
enance
NOT:iConcepts:iProfessionalism
4. Theinursingiinstructoriisiresearchingitheifiveiproficienciesiregardediasiessentialiforistudentsian
diprofessionals.iTheinursingiinstructoriidentifiesiwhichiorganizationiwouldibeifounditoihaveia
ddedisafetyiasiaisixthicompetency?
a.
QualityiandiSafetyiEducationiforiNursesi(QSEN)
b.
InstituteiofiMedicinei(IOM)
c.
AmericaniAssociationiofiCollegesiofiNursingi(AACN)
d.
NationaliLeagueiforiNursingi(NLN)
ANS:i A
TheiInstituteiofi Medicineir epNo r t ,RH e Ia l t hGP r oBf e.s sCi o nMs iEducation:iAiBridgeitoi Qualityi(200
3),ioutlinesifiveicoreicompetencies. UiSiThese
iN
iincludeipatient-centeredicare,iinterdisciplinary
teamwork,iuseiofievidence-
basedimedicine,iqualityiimprovement,iandiuseiofiinformationitechnology.iQSENiaddedisafetyiasi
aisixthicompetency.iTheiEssentialsiofiBaccalaureateiEducationiforiProfessionaliNursingiPractic
eiareiprovidediandiupdatedibyitheiAmericaniAssociationiofiCollegesiofiNursingi(AACN)i(2008).i
Theidocumentioffersiaiframeworkiforitheieducationiofiprofessionalinursesiwithioutcomesiforistud
entsitoimeet.iTheiNationaliLeagueiforiNursingi(NLN)ioutlinesiandiupdatesicompetenciesiforiprac
tical,iassociate,ibaccalaureate,iandigraduateinursingieducationiprograms.
DIF: Remembering OBJ:i i 1.1 TOP:i Planning
MSC:i NCLEXiClientiNeedsiCategory:iSafeiandiEffectiveiCareiEnvironment:iManagementiofiCareiNOT
:iConcepts:iCareiCoordination
5. Theinurseimanageriisiinterviewingigraduateinursesitoifilliexistingistaffingivacancies.iWhenihir
ingigraduateinurses,itheinurseimanagerirealizesithatitheyiwilliprobablyinotibeiconsideredi“com
petent”iuntilitheyicompleteiwhichitask?
a.
TheyigraduateiandipassiNCLEX.
b.
Theyihaveiworkedi2itoi3iyears.
c.
Theirilastiyeariofinursingischool.
d.
Theyiareiactuallyihired.
ANS:i B
, FundamentalsiofiNursingi2ndiEditioniYoostiTestiBank
Benner’simodeliidentifiesifiveilevelsiofiproficiency:inovice,iadvancedibeginner,icompetent,iprof
icient,iandiexpert.iTheistudentinurseiprogressesifrominoviceitoiadvancedibeginneriduringinursing
ischooliandiattainsitheicompetentileveliafteriapproximatelyi2itoi3iyearsiofiworkiexperienceiafterig
raduation.iToiobtainitheiRNicredential,iaipersonimustigraduateifromianiapprovedischooliofinursin
giandipassiaistateilicensingiexaminationicalleditheiNationaliCounciliLicensureiExaminationiforiR
egisterediNursesi(NCLEX-
RN)iusuallyitakenisooniaftericompletioniofianiapprovedinursingiprogram.
DIF: Remembering OBJ:i i 1.7 TOP:i Planning
MSC:i NCLEXiClientiNeedsiCategory:iSafeiandiEffectiveiCareiEnvironment:iManagementiofiCareiNOT
:iConcepts:iCareiCoordination
6. Theiprospectiveistudentiisiconsideringioptionsiforibeginningiaicareeriininursing.iWhichide
greeiwouldibestimatchitheistudent’sidesireitoiconductiresearchiatitheiuniversityilevel?
a.
AssociateiDegreeiiniNursingi(ADN)
b.
BacheloriofiScienceiiniNursingi(BSN)
c.
DoctoriofiNursingiPracticei(DNP)
d.
DoctoriofiPhilosophyiiniNursingi(PhD)
ANS:i D
DoctoralinursingieducationicaniresultiiniaiDoctoriofiPhilosophyi(PhD)idegree.iThisidegreeiprepa
resinursesiforileadershipirolesiiniresearch,iteaching,iandiadministrationithatiareiessentialitoiadvan
cinginursingiasiaiprofession.iAssociateiDegreeiiniNursingi(ADN)iprogramsiusuallyiareiconducte
diiniaicommunityicollegeisetting.iTheinursingicurriculumifocusesioniadultiacuteiandichronicidise
ase;imaternal/childihealth;ipediatrics;iandipsychiatric/
mentalihealthinursing.iADNiRNsimayireturnitoischoolitoiearniaibachelor’sidegreeiorihigheriiniani
RN-to-BSNioriRN-to-
MSNiprogram.iBachelor’sidegreeiprogramsiincludeicommunityihealthiandimanagementicoursesi
beyondit ho s ep r ov i de d iinianassociateidegreeiprogram.iAinewer
practice-
focusedidoctoralidegreeiisitheiDoctoriofiNursingipracticei(DNP),iwhichiconcentratesionitheiclini
caliaspectsiofinursing.iDNPispecialtiesiincludeitheifouriadvancedipracticeirolesiof
NP,iCNS,iCNM,iandiCRNA.
DIF: Remembering OBJ:i i 1.9 TOP:i Assessment
MSC:i NCLEXiClientiNeedsiCategory:iSafeiandiEffectiveiCareiEnvironment:iManagementiofiCareiNOT
:iConcepts:iCareiCoordination
7. Duringiaistaffimeeting,itheinurseimanageriannouncesithatitheihospitaliwillibeiseekingiMagnetista
tus.iToiexplainitheirequirementsiforithisiaward,itheinurseimanageriwillicontactiwhichiorganizatio
n?
a.
AmericaniNursesiAssociationi(ANA)
b.
AmericaniNursesiCredentialingiCenteri(ANCC)
c.
NationaliLeagueiforiNursingi(NLN)
d.
JointiCommission
ANS:i B
TheiAmericaniNursesiCredentialingiCenteri(ANCC)iawardsiMagnetiRecognitionitoihospitalsith
atihaveishowniexcellenceiandiinnovationiininursing.iTheiANAiisiaiprofessionaliorganizationithati
providesistandardsiofinursingipractice.iTheiNationaliLeagueiforiNursingi(NLN)ioutlinesiandiupd
atesicompetenciesiforipractical,iassociate,ibaccalaureate,iandigraduateinursingieducationiprogra
ms.iTheiJointiCommissioniisitheiaccreditingiorganizationiforihealthicareifacilitiesiinitheiUnitediS
tates.