Test Bank For Human Memory 4th Edition by Gabriel Radvansky, ISBN: 9780367252922, All 18 Chapters Covered ||Complete A+ Guide

,TEST BANK Human Memory 4th Edition by Gabriel Radvansky
u u u u u u u u




Chapter 1: Overview and History
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1. A relatively permanent record of an experience is the essence of
u u u u u u u u u u u .
a) behavioral potential u


b) learning
c) memory * u


d) performance

2. Which is not a way that the term “memory” is used by psychologists?
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a) as a unit of analysis *
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b) as a storage mechanism
u u u


c) as a process u u


d) as a record u u




3. Memory is u . u


a) a storage facility
u u


b) the result of experience u u u


c) a process u


d) all of the above * u u u u




4. Which is NOT a way that the term memory is used?
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a) an item that holds the contents of previous experiences
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b) a location where information is kept
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c) mental processes involved in acquiring, storing, or retrieving information
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d) a perfect replication of events *
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5. Which of the following is NOT an aspect of learning?
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a) behavior potential u


b) maturation * u


c) relative permanence u


d) experience

6. Learning is u . u


a) a relatively permanent change in behavior potential
u u u u u u


b) a process u


c) the result of experience
u u u


d) all of the above * u u u u




7. What is a good definition of learning?
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a) a change in the potential to alter behavior as a consequence of experience *
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b) putting information in the memory store u u u u u


c) retaining contents of experience u u u


d) the mental process used to acquire, store, or retrieve information
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,8. An engram is to memory as
u u . u u u u


a) a keyboard is to a computer
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b) a mouse is to a computer
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c) a file is to a computer *
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d) a central processing unit is to a computer
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9. Why are there so many metaphors for memory?
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a) because memory cannot be studied objectively u u u u u


b) to demonstrate that all of our memories are different
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c) because we cannot observe memory directly * u u u u u u


d) because people’s attitudes and opinions change so much over time
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10. Metaphors for memory (like a recorder or organized storage) are used because
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a) the uncomplicated nature of memory makes metaphors easy to find
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b) memory must be observed indirectly, so metaphors are useful tools for understanding
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its complexities *
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c) you can exercise your memory like a muscle, so creating new metaphors makes your
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memory more efficient
u u u


d) using language as a mental representation prevents memory loss
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11. Which metaphor captures the idea that there is an organization to memory?
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a) cow’s stomach u


b) lock and key u u


c) video camera u


d) network * u




12. Which metaphor captures the idea that information in memory can be forgotten?
u u u u u u u u u u u


a) leaky bucket * u u


b) computer
c) junk drawer u


d) library

13. Which metaphor of memory conveys the idea that memories are discrete collections of
u u u u u u u u u u u u


information?
u


a) hidden observer u


b) computer
c) literacy * u


d) aviary

14. One contribution of Plato’s philosophy to work on memory was the idea that
u u u u u u u u u u u u u .
a) different impressions vary in quality * u u u u u


b) memory is tied exclusively to experience u u u u u


c) no man is an island u u u u


d) memories are stored in a collective subconscious u u u u u u

, 15. Aristotle’s laws of association include all of the following EXCEPT
u u u u u u u u u u .
a) similarity
b) contiguity
c) contrast
d) idealized abstractions * u u




16. Aristotle’s laws of association include all of the following EXCEPT
u u u u u u u u u u .
a) similarity
b) regularity * u


c) contrast
d) contiguity

17. Who was the seventeenth-century scientist/philosopher who developed a sophisticated theory
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uof memory but never followed up on it, leaving it to fall into obscurity, further delaying the
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uonset of a scientific study of memory?
u u u u u u


a) Isaac Newton u


b) Robert Hooke * u u


c) Charles Darwin u


d) Benjamin Franklin u




18. What influence did Darwin have on theories of memory?
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a) the idea that memory develops in a person through a selection process
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b) the concept that memory is dependent on a complex brain
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c) the idea that memory has developed over the generations to adapt to the demands of
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the environment *
u u u


d) none

19. Memory development in a person is guided by his or her DNA.
u u u u u u u u u u u


a) true
b) false
c) partially true* u


d) true, except for cases of brain damage
u u u u u u




20. An important concept that is heavily used in theories of memory that developed out of the
u u u u u u u u u u u u u u u


uempiricist tradition is .u u u


a) the association * u u


b) adaptation to changes in the environment u u u u u


c) the engram u


d) separation of mind and body u u u u




21. Empiricists such as Aristotle believed that memory operates as
u .
u u u u u u u u


a) associations between experiences or stimuli * u u u u u


b) a bridge between perceptions and rational abstractions (since empirical observations
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are often distorted)
u u u


c) an abstract, perfect realm without need for additional inquiry
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d) the rational link between the mind and the body
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