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an electronic method of continually assessing the
fetal heart rate and obtaining information about the
Fetal heart monitoring client's uterine activity. this information is recorded
on graph paper and allows fetal well-being to be
assessed
-errors can be made auscultating FHR using
stethoscope
-2 listeners auscultating the same FHR may get
different rates
-if the FHR is more than 160 bpm, its hard to count
why is fetal monitoring
-its hard to hear FHR during a cxn just at the time
used?
when you want to know how the fetus is
withstanding the stress of labor
-currently, EFM is used to identify FHR
characteristics indicating fetal well-being as well as
those suggesting risks
, -hypertension
-diabetes mellitus
-sickle cell disease
-chronic renal disease
-rh isoimmunization
-multiple gestations
antepartal risk factors for -grand multiparity
EFM -anemia
-preterm infants
-postterm infants
-IUGR
-poor obstetric history
-age - under 15, over 35
-congenital heart disease
-premature rupture of membranes
-failure to progress in labor
-abnormal presentations
intrapartal risk factors for
-pitocin augmentation/induction
EFM
-previous c-section
-meconium stained amniotic fluid
-possible cephalopelvic disproportion (CPD)
intermittent auscultation (IA) with a fetoscope or
doppler ultrasound transducer for evaluation of the
techniques for
FHR and palpation of uterine activity are the
assessment without EFM
methods used for evaluating the pregnant client
when EFM is not necessary or is unavailable
-noninvasive
-freedom of movement and ambulation
advantages of -less expensive
auscultation -increase in hands on time by caregiver
-some research demonstrates lower c-section rates
-widespread application