PN 2003 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
What does COPD stand for? - Answer-Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
What causes COPD? - Answer-Smoking
Pollution
Chemical irritants
What are S+S of COPD? - Answer-Chronic cough, excessive sputum production,
shortness of breath, wheezing, dyspnea, poor exercise tolerance
What is pneumonia? - Answer-An acquired lung infection that causes inflammation and
damage to the alveoli (air sacs) that make up the lungs.
What are risk factors for pneumonia? - Answer-- Advanced age.
- Immuno-compromised.
- Chronic illnesses/comorbidity.
What are S+S of pneumonia? - Answer-Cough (productive), fever, chills, sweating,
SOB, chest pain, fatigue, weakness.
How do you treat COPD? - Answer-- Bronchodilators.
- Mucolytics.
- Supplemental oxygen PRN.
- Lifestyle changes.
What are examples of bronchodilators? - Answer-- Salbutamol (Ventolin)
- Salmeterol
- Tiotropium
Can you cure COPD? - Answer-Not curable, but is preventable. Also, can be managed
once diagnosed.
What is CHF? - Answer-Congestive heart failure. This is when the heart is unable to
pump enough blood to meet the body's needs.
, Why is the word "Congestive" important to note in CHF? - Answer-Because it indicates
the risk for being "backed up," as in blood can become backed up and cause pooling in
the pleural cavity and/or lungs. This is called pleural effusion.
Where do you most likely see pleural effusion? - Answer-In CHF.
What is pulmonary edema? - Answer-Fluid in the lungs.
What is peripheral edema? - Answer-Swelling resulting from fluid accumulation in the
lower limbs/extremities.
What causes CHF? - Answer-- Coronary artery disease.
- Hypertension.
- An MI (heart attack).
- Diabetes.
- Valvular heart conditions.
- Excessive alcohol use.
- Smoking.
What does MI stand for? - Answer-Myocardial infarction.
What causes an MI? - Answer-A blockage in one or more of the coronary arteries,
which supply blood and oxygen to the heart muscle. The blockage is usually caused by
a blood clot that forms from plaque buildup in the artery.
So risk factors that contribute to the development of a heart attack are:
- High blood pressure/hypertension.
- Hyperlipidemia/high cholesterol.
- Smoking.
- Diabetes.
- Obesity.
- Lack of exercise.
Can you cure CHF? - Answer-No.
How do you treat CHF? - Answer-- Lifestyle changes.
- Diuretics (to draw fluid away from the heart and lungs).
- Beta-blockers.
- ACE inhibitors.
- Pacemakers/implantable devices.
What is the duration of Lantus (Glargine) insulin? - Answer-Long-acting.
True or false. Pill rolling and hand tremor are signs of extrapyramidal symptoms. -
Answer-True.
AND ANSWERS
What does COPD stand for? - Answer-Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
What causes COPD? - Answer-Smoking
Pollution
Chemical irritants
What are S+S of COPD? - Answer-Chronic cough, excessive sputum production,
shortness of breath, wheezing, dyspnea, poor exercise tolerance
What is pneumonia? - Answer-An acquired lung infection that causes inflammation and
damage to the alveoli (air sacs) that make up the lungs.
What are risk factors for pneumonia? - Answer-- Advanced age.
- Immuno-compromised.
- Chronic illnesses/comorbidity.
What are S+S of pneumonia? - Answer-Cough (productive), fever, chills, sweating,
SOB, chest pain, fatigue, weakness.
How do you treat COPD? - Answer-- Bronchodilators.
- Mucolytics.
- Supplemental oxygen PRN.
- Lifestyle changes.
What are examples of bronchodilators? - Answer-- Salbutamol (Ventolin)
- Salmeterol
- Tiotropium
Can you cure COPD? - Answer-Not curable, but is preventable. Also, can be managed
once diagnosed.
What is CHF? - Answer-Congestive heart failure. This is when the heart is unable to
pump enough blood to meet the body's needs.
, Why is the word "Congestive" important to note in CHF? - Answer-Because it indicates
the risk for being "backed up," as in blood can become backed up and cause pooling in
the pleural cavity and/or lungs. This is called pleural effusion.
Where do you most likely see pleural effusion? - Answer-In CHF.
What is pulmonary edema? - Answer-Fluid in the lungs.
What is peripheral edema? - Answer-Swelling resulting from fluid accumulation in the
lower limbs/extremities.
What causes CHF? - Answer-- Coronary artery disease.
- Hypertension.
- An MI (heart attack).
- Diabetes.
- Valvular heart conditions.
- Excessive alcohol use.
- Smoking.
What does MI stand for? - Answer-Myocardial infarction.
What causes an MI? - Answer-A blockage in one or more of the coronary arteries,
which supply blood and oxygen to the heart muscle. The blockage is usually caused by
a blood clot that forms from plaque buildup in the artery.
So risk factors that contribute to the development of a heart attack are:
- High blood pressure/hypertension.
- Hyperlipidemia/high cholesterol.
- Smoking.
- Diabetes.
- Obesity.
- Lack of exercise.
Can you cure CHF? - Answer-No.
How do you treat CHF? - Answer-- Lifestyle changes.
- Diuretics (to draw fluid away from the heart and lungs).
- Beta-blockers.
- ACE inhibitors.
- Pacemakers/implantable devices.
What is the duration of Lantus (Glargine) insulin? - Answer-Long-acting.
True or false. Pill rolling and hand tremor are signs of extrapyramidal symptoms. -
Answer-True.
