PN 2003 EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
What is delirium? - Answer-A disoriented reaction with restlessness and confusion that
may be associated with fear and hallucinations
What are characteristics of delirium? - Answer--Decreased awareness of the
environment
-Impaired memory and cognition
-Illusions and misperception
-Motor restlessness
-Personality changes
-Loosening of associations
-Disruption of sleep-wake cycle
What is postural hypotension? - Answer-A sudden drop in B/P due to rapid change in
position such as from lying to standing or from sitting to standing
What is hypertension? - Answer-high blood pressure
Signs and symptoms of hypertension? - Answer-Headache is the most common
symptom directly related to blood pressure elevation, other signs include dizziness,
weakness, epistaxis(nosebleeds) and blurring of the vision.
Treatment for hypertension - Answer-Stop smoking
Regular aerobic exercise
Weight loss
Limit alcohol intake
Adequate intake of calcium, potassium, and magnesium
What is venous thrombosis? - Answer-Most common disorder of the veins and involves
the formation of a thrombus (clot) in association with inflammation of the vein.
Signs and symptoms of venous thrombosis - Answer-- edema
- pain
- redness
- warmth
treatment for venous thrombosis - Answer-Anticoagulation therapy (warfarin), Elevation
of legs, bedrest and the gradual ambulation
, What are older adults health risk for? - Answer-stroke, diabetes, hypertension, copd,
diabetes
What is urinary incontinence? - Answer-involuntary loss of urine
Treatment for urinary incontinence? - Answer-Lifestyle modification
Bladder training
Scheduled voiding
Kegel exercises
Medical and surgical treatments:
Medications
Devices
Sacral nerve stimulation
Surgical treatments
What is acute glaucoma? - Answer-Increase IOP that affects function of the eye
what should the nurse expect in acute glaucoma? (clinical findings) - Answer-edema of
the ciliary body and dilation of pupil occur
- 20- and 25-mm Hg is considered glaucoma
What is gout? - Answer-a disease in which defective metabolism of uric acid causes
arthritis, especially in the smaller bones of the feet, deposition of chalkstones, and
episodes of acute pain.
patient teaching for gout - Answer-diet low in purines (avoid alcohol, shellfish)
- exercise
- weight maintenance
what is the relationship between enlarged prostate and the bladder? what can occur? -
Answer-When males have Benign prostate hyperplasia, the prostate becomes enlarged
which may cause pressure on the bladder and result in urinary frequency, giving the
feeling of needing to urinate but not being able to: Dysuria
why vaginal infection occur? - Answer-vaginal infections commonly occur in geriatric
women because of the aging changes
- reduction in collagen and adipose tissue
- shortening and narrowing of the vaginal canal
- decreased elasticity
- fewer vaginal secretions
- more alkaline pH level because of lower estrogen levels
Incontinence and poor hygiene may be underlying causes
What is uterine prolapse? - Answer-bulging of the uterus into the vagina
ANSWERS
What is delirium? - Answer-A disoriented reaction with restlessness and confusion that
may be associated with fear and hallucinations
What are characteristics of delirium? - Answer--Decreased awareness of the
environment
-Impaired memory and cognition
-Illusions and misperception
-Motor restlessness
-Personality changes
-Loosening of associations
-Disruption of sleep-wake cycle
What is postural hypotension? - Answer-A sudden drop in B/P due to rapid change in
position such as from lying to standing or from sitting to standing
What is hypertension? - Answer-high blood pressure
Signs and symptoms of hypertension? - Answer-Headache is the most common
symptom directly related to blood pressure elevation, other signs include dizziness,
weakness, epistaxis(nosebleeds) and blurring of the vision.
Treatment for hypertension - Answer-Stop smoking
Regular aerobic exercise
Weight loss
Limit alcohol intake
Adequate intake of calcium, potassium, and magnesium
What is venous thrombosis? - Answer-Most common disorder of the veins and involves
the formation of a thrombus (clot) in association with inflammation of the vein.
Signs and symptoms of venous thrombosis - Answer-- edema
- pain
- redness
- warmth
treatment for venous thrombosis - Answer-Anticoagulation therapy (warfarin), Elevation
of legs, bedrest and the gradual ambulation
, What are older adults health risk for? - Answer-stroke, diabetes, hypertension, copd,
diabetes
What is urinary incontinence? - Answer-involuntary loss of urine
Treatment for urinary incontinence? - Answer-Lifestyle modification
Bladder training
Scheduled voiding
Kegel exercises
Medical and surgical treatments:
Medications
Devices
Sacral nerve stimulation
Surgical treatments
What is acute glaucoma? - Answer-Increase IOP that affects function of the eye
what should the nurse expect in acute glaucoma? (clinical findings) - Answer-edema of
the ciliary body and dilation of pupil occur
- 20- and 25-mm Hg is considered glaucoma
What is gout? - Answer-a disease in which defective metabolism of uric acid causes
arthritis, especially in the smaller bones of the feet, deposition of chalkstones, and
episodes of acute pain.
patient teaching for gout - Answer-diet low in purines (avoid alcohol, shellfish)
- exercise
- weight maintenance
what is the relationship between enlarged prostate and the bladder? what can occur? -
Answer-When males have Benign prostate hyperplasia, the prostate becomes enlarged
which may cause pressure on the bladder and result in urinary frequency, giving the
feeling of needing to urinate but not being able to: Dysuria
why vaginal infection occur? - Answer-vaginal infections commonly occur in geriatric
women because of the aging changes
- reduction in collagen and adipose tissue
- shortening and narrowing of the vaginal canal
- decreased elasticity
- fewer vaginal secretions
- more alkaline pH level because of lower estrogen levels
Incontinence and poor hygiene may be underlying causes
What is uterine prolapse? - Answer-bulging of the uterus into the vagina
