CLINICAL CONDITIONS EXAM 2 WITH
CORRECT SOLUTIONS
What physiological changes occur in the brain of a person with Alzheimer's disease? -
ANSWER-neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaque
_________ and _________________ appear to be two known risk factors for
developing AD. - ANSWER-age and family history
The cause of AD for most people is thought to be the result of.... - ANSWER-multiple
factors
how is AD diagnosed? - ANSWER-a combination of imaging and clinical findings
Early signs of AD include difficulty with? - ANSWER-memory and word finding
The most effective strategy for management of AD is? - ANSWER-a comprehensive
approach to care
Life expectancy following the diagnosis of AD is? - ANSWER-typically an average of 5
years
Behavioral changes such as being agitated, delusional, or paranoid are often evident in
________ stages of AD? - ANSWER-late
What stage of AD is this?
Person will have decreased awareness of recent experiences and may forget name of
caregiver/spouse - ANSWER-6
What stage of AD is this?
Person begins having difficulty remembering personal history and may withdraw socially
- ANSWER-4
People with MS report the most debilitating symptom is what? - ANSWER-fatigue
If a person with MS experiences lesions in the frontal lobe, they will typically experience
changes in what? - ANSWER-mood
What are the tests/procedures that may be used in the diagnostic process of MS? -
ANSWER-MRI, evoked potential, spinal tap, and neurological exam
What medications are disease-modifying? - ANSWER-betaseron and copaxone
, What medication is often given to a person with MS to help lessen the severity of an
exacerbation? - ANSWER-IV steroids
What stage of AD is this?
Person has difficulty word finding and ability to organize or plan activities - ANSWER-3
What stage of AD is this?
Person has difficulty recalling biographical information such as current address and may
not dress appropriately for the weather - ANSWER-5
What stage of AD is this?
Person will lose ability to speak, swallow, ambulate or complete any self-care activities -
ANSWER-7
MS is a degenerative disease that results in the destruction of ______ surrounding
neurons of the ________ nervous system - ANSWER-myelin; central
It is estimated that ___% of people with MS experience cognitive changes - ANSWER-
50
T/F: People with ALS typically experience symmetrical weakness at the onset of the
condition - ANSWER-false
Approximately 50% of people diagnosed with ALS die within how many years of the
diagnosis? - ANSWER-3
What does primary lateral sclerosis result in? - ANSWER-progressive spastic paralysis
and a life expectancy up to decades after diagnosis
What is being described?
Is a lower motor neuron disease, typically presents with symmetrical weakness and
atrophy, and is a genetic condition - ANSWER-spinal muscular atrophy
T/F: Sensory changes are a common early symptom of ALS - ANSWER-false
What is the most common type of MS? - ANSWER-relapsing-remitting
Most people with relapsing-remitting MS convert to what? - ANSWER-secondary
progressive
For people with ___________ MS, during periods of remission, function does not return
to baseline as the disease continually progresses - ANSWER-progressive-relapsing
What type of MS has the poorest prognosis? - ANSWER-primary progressive
CORRECT SOLUTIONS
What physiological changes occur in the brain of a person with Alzheimer's disease? -
ANSWER-neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaque
_________ and _________________ appear to be two known risk factors for
developing AD. - ANSWER-age and family history
The cause of AD for most people is thought to be the result of.... - ANSWER-multiple
factors
how is AD diagnosed? - ANSWER-a combination of imaging and clinical findings
Early signs of AD include difficulty with? - ANSWER-memory and word finding
The most effective strategy for management of AD is? - ANSWER-a comprehensive
approach to care
Life expectancy following the diagnosis of AD is? - ANSWER-typically an average of 5
years
Behavioral changes such as being agitated, delusional, or paranoid are often evident in
________ stages of AD? - ANSWER-late
What stage of AD is this?
Person will have decreased awareness of recent experiences and may forget name of
caregiver/spouse - ANSWER-6
What stage of AD is this?
Person begins having difficulty remembering personal history and may withdraw socially
- ANSWER-4
People with MS report the most debilitating symptom is what? - ANSWER-fatigue
If a person with MS experiences lesions in the frontal lobe, they will typically experience
changes in what? - ANSWER-mood
What are the tests/procedures that may be used in the diagnostic process of MS? -
ANSWER-MRI, evoked potential, spinal tap, and neurological exam
What medications are disease-modifying? - ANSWER-betaseron and copaxone
, What medication is often given to a person with MS to help lessen the severity of an
exacerbation? - ANSWER-IV steroids
What stage of AD is this?
Person has difficulty word finding and ability to organize or plan activities - ANSWER-3
What stage of AD is this?
Person has difficulty recalling biographical information such as current address and may
not dress appropriately for the weather - ANSWER-5
What stage of AD is this?
Person will lose ability to speak, swallow, ambulate or complete any self-care activities -
ANSWER-7
MS is a degenerative disease that results in the destruction of ______ surrounding
neurons of the ________ nervous system - ANSWER-myelin; central
It is estimated that ___% of people with MS experience cognitive changes - ANSWER-
50
T/F: People with ALS typically experience symmetrical weakness at the onset of the
condition - ANSWER-false
Approximately 50% of people diagnosed with ALS die within how many years of the
diagnosis? - ANSWER-3
What does primary lateral sclerosis result in? - ANSWER-progressive spastic paralysis
and a life expectancy up to decades after diagnosis
What is being described?
Is a lower motor neuron disease, typically presents with symmetrical weakness and
atrophy, and is a genetic condition - ANSWER-spinal muscular atrophy
T/F: Sensory changes are a common early symptom of ALS - ANSWER-false
What is the most common type of MS? - ANSWER-relapsing-remitting
Most people with relapsing-remitting MS convert to what? - ANSWER-secondary
progressive
For people with ___________ MS, during periods of remission, function does not return
to baseline as the disease continually progresses - ANSWER-progressive-relapsing
What type of MS has the poorest prognosis? - ANSWER-primary progressive
