PSYCH 1101 FINAL EXAM PRACTICE QUESTIONS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Many |children |learn |to |fear |lightning |because |it |is |often |paired |with |loud |thunder |(which, |like |
most |sudden, |loud |sounds |is |naturally |frightening). |In |this |case |lightning |is |the |____, |thunder |
is |the |____, |and |fear |is |the |____
CS; |CR; |US
|
US; |CS; |UR
|
CS; |US; |CR
|
US; |CS; |CR |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-CS; |US; |CR
What |is |one |way |to |speed |up |the |acquisition |of |a |classically |conditioned |response?
|
Pair |the |conditioned |stimulus |and |the |unconditioned |stimulus |very |rapidly.
|
Pair |the |conditioned |stimulus |and |the |unconditioned |stimulus |intermittently.
|
Pair |the |conditioned |stimulus |and |the |unconditioned |stimulus |at |moderate |intervals.
|
Pair |the |conditioned |stimulus |and |the |unconditioned |stimulus |at |far |apart |intervals. |- |CORRECT
|ANSWER✔✔-Pair |the |conditioned |stimulus |and |the |unconditioned |stimulus |intermittently.
,Gloria, |the |star |in |the |school |play, |must |cry |when |her |"father" |tells |her |to |leave |home. |During |
rehearsal, |Gloria |holds |an |onion |near |her |face |when |her |"father" |tells |her |to |leave. |The |onion |
serves |as |the |____, |while |being |told |to |"leave |home" |is |the |____.
|
US; |UR
|
CS; |UR
|
CS; |US
|
US; |CS |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-US; |CS
Operant |behavior |is |_____.
|
voluntary
|
reflexive
|
involuntary
|
innate |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-voluntary
A |young |girl |is |just |beginning |to |dress |herself. |At |first, |the |parents |call |her |a |"big |girl" |just |for |
putting |on |her |shirt |"frontwards," |even |if |it |is |not |buttoned. |Then |they |call |her |a |"big |girl" |only
|if |she |tries |to |button |her |shirt, |even |if |the |buttons |are |in |the |wrong |holes. |Finally, |they |call |
her |a |"big |girl" |only |if |she |buttons |her |shirt |correctly. |They |are |using |____ |to |change |her |
behavior.
|
discrimination |training
|
shaping
|
,primary |reinforcement
|
higher-order |conditioning |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-shaping
A |child |who |practices |the |piano |because |it |earns |him |praise |is |receiving |__________; |a |child |
who |practices |the |piano |to |avoid |being |scolded |is |receiving |__________.
|
a |conditioned |response; |an |unconditioned |response
|
an |unconditioned |response; |a |conditioned |response
|
negative |reinforcement; |positive |reinforcement
|
positive |reinforcement; |negative |reinforcement |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-positive |
reinforcement; |negative |reinforcement
When |physical |punishment |is |used |to |try |to |get |children |to |change |a |behavior, |a |problem |is |
that:
|
it |models |aggressive |behavior.
|
it |leads |to |extinction |of |good |behavior.
|
it |never |works.
|
it |creates |negative |reinforcement. |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-it |models |aggressive |behavior
Amalia |is |a |college |student |who |has |been |struggling |in |her |political |science |classes. |She |feels |
unprepared |no |matter |how |much |she |studies. |After |barely |passing |the |first |few |quizzes, |she |
decides |it's |just |not |worth |the |effort |and |gives |up |trying |to |do |well. |This |is |an |example |of |
__________.
|
, negative |reinforcement
|
desensitization
|
avoidance |training
|
learned |helplessness |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-learned |helplessness
Slot |machines |are |designed |to |operate |on |which |of |the |following |reinforcement |schedules?
|
fixed-interval
|
fixed-ratio
|
variable-interval
|
variable-ratio |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-variable-ratio
When |a |classically |conditioned |response |goes |away |and |then |later |suddenly |reappears, |it |
illustrates |_____ |and |_____ |recovery.
|
extinction; |unconditioned
|
extinction; |spontaneous
|
desensitization; |spontaneous
|
generalization; |operant |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-extinction; |spontaneous
Which |of |the |following |is |a |secondary |reinforcer?
|
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Many |children |learn |to |fear |lightning |because |it |is |often |paired |with |loud |thunder |(which, |like |
most |sudden, |loud |sounds |is |naturally |frightening). |In |this |case |lightning |is |the |____, |thunder |
is |the |____, |and |fear |is |the |____
CS; |CR; |US
|
US; |CS; |UR
|
CS; |US; |CR
|
US; |CS; |CR |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-CS; |US; |CR
What |is |one |way |to |speed |up |the |acquisition |of |a |classically |conditioned |response?
|
Pair |the |conditioned |stimulus |and |the |unconditioned |stimulus |very |rapidly.
|
Pair |the |conditioned |stimulus |and |the |unconditioned |stimulus |intermittently.
|
Pair |the |conditioned |stimulus |and |the |unconditioned |stimulus |at |moderate |intervals.
|
Pair |the |conditioned |stimulus |and |the |unconditioned |stimulus |at |far |apart |intervals. |- |CORRECT
|ANSWER✔✔-Pair |the |conditioned |stimulus |and |the |unconditioned |stimulus |intermittently.
,Gloria, |the |star |in |the |school |play, |must |cry |when |her |"father" |tells |her |to |leave |home. |During |
rehearsal, |Gloria |holds |an |onion |near |her |face |when |her |"father" |tells |her |to |leave. |The |onion |
serves |as |the |____, |while |being |told |to |"leave |home" |is |the |____.
|
US; |UR
|
CS; |UR
|
CS; |US
|
US; |CS |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-US; |CS
Operant |behavior |is |_____.
|
voluntary
|
reflexive
|
involuntary
|
innate |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-voluntary
A |young |girl |is |just |beginning |to |dress |herself. |At |first, |the |parents |call |her |a |"big |girl" |just |for |
putting |on |her |shirt |"frontwards," |even |if |it |is |not |buttoned. |Then |they |call |her |a |"big |girl" |only
|if |she |tries |to |button |her |shirt, |even |if |the |buttons |are |in |the |wrong |holes. |Finally, |they |call |
her |a |"big |girl" |only |if |she |buttons |her |shirt |correctly. |They |are |using |____ |to |change |her |
behavior.
|
discrimination |training
|
shaping
|
,primary |reinforcement
|
higher-order |conditioning |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-shaping
A |child |who |practices |the |piano |because |it |earns |him |praise |is |receiving |__________; |a |child |
who |practices |the |piano |to |avoid |being |scolded |is |receiving |__________.
|
a |conditioned |response; |an |unconditioned |response
|
an |unconditioned |response; |a |conditioned |response
|
negative |reinforcement; |positive |reinforcement
|
positive |reinforcement; |negative |reinforcement |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-positive |
reinforcement; |negative |reinforcement
When |physical |punishment |is |used |to |try |to |get |children |to |change |a |behavior, |a |problem |is |
that:
|
it |models |aggressive |behavior.
|
it |leads |to |extinction |of |good |behavior.
|
it |never |works.
|
it |creates |negative |reinforcement. |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-it |models |aggressive |behavior
Amalia |is |a |college |student |who |has |been |struggling |in |her |political |science |classes. |She |feels |
unprepared |no |matter |how |much |she |studies. |After |barely |passing |the |first |few |quizzes, |she |
decides |it's |just |not |worth |the |effort |and |gives |up |trying |to |do |well. |This |is |an |example |of |
__________.
|
, negative |reinforcement
|
desensitization
|
avoidance |training
|
learned |helplessness |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-learned |helplessness
Slot |machines |are |designed |to |operate |on |which |of |the |following |reinforcement |schedules?
|
fixed-interval
|
fixed-ratio
|
variable-interval
|
variable-ratio |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-variable-ratio
When |a |classically |conditioned |response |goes |away |and |then |later |suddenly |reappears, |it |
illustrates |_____ |and |_____ |recovery.
|
extinction; |unconditioned
|
extinction; |spontaneous
|
desensitization; |spontaneous
|
generalization; |operant |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-extinction; |spontaneous
Which |of |the |following |is |a |secondary |reinforcer?
|
