IVY TECH APHY 101 FINAL/ IVY TECH APHY 101 FINAL ACTUAL
EXAM LATEST 300+ QUESTION AND ANSWERS 100%
COMPLETE A+ SCORE
What is the diaphysis? -CORRECT ANSWER-shaft of a long bone
What is the medullary cavity? -CORRECT ANSWER-hollow chamber in diaphysis. Marrow fills this cavity
What is the periosteum? -CORRECT ANSWER-a dense layer of vascular connective tissue enclosing a
bone
What is compact bone? -CORRECT ANSWER-wall of the diaphysis mainly composed of tightly packed
tissue
What is spongy bone? -CORRECT ANSWER-cancellous bone that largely composes the epiphysis
Describe the process of ossification -CORRECT ANSWER-step one 1: cordlike and connects muscles to
bones; a broad sheet of dense connective tissue that connects muscles to muscles
Step 2: long bones develop from rods of cartilage, some from membranes and some from tendons.
Step 3: ossification occurs first in the cartilage rods, then in the epiphyses of long bones.
Step 4: when the epiphysial cartilage has ossified (hardened), bone growth stops.
What is the epiphyseal plate? -CORRECT ANSWER-as spongy bone is deposited in the diaphysis and in
the epiphysis, a band of cartilage will form
IVY TECH APHY 101 FINAL
,What are osteoclasts? -CORRECT ANSWER-cells that break down bone
What are osteoblasts? -CORRECT ANSWER-bone forming cells
What are the functions of the skeletal system? -CORRECT ANSWER-support, protection, movement,
storage, blood cell formation
What is the axial skeleton? -CORRECT ANSWER-skull, vertebral column, rib cage
What is the appendicular skeleton? -CORRECT ANSWER-pectoral girdle, upper limbs, pelvic girdle,
lower limbs
What are the parts of a long bone? -CORRECT ANSWER-epiphysis and diaphysis
What is the epiphysis? -CORRECT ANSWER-end of a long bone that articulates (forms a joint) with
another bone.
What are the steps of fracture repair? -CORRECT ANSWER-1. Hematoma formation- blood vessels,
tissues in broken bone are torn resulting in a
Hematoma mass of clotted cells. Bone cells with no nutrition will die and area will become irritated.
2. Fibrocartilaginous callus formation- phagocytic cells invade the area and begin cleaning up the
debris.
3. Bone callus formation- about 1 week into repair, new bone begins to repair. This is called a
bony callus. This continues for about 3 months.
4. Bone remodeling- excess material removed, shaft was reconstructed.
How are bones classified? -CORRECT ANSWER-by shape
IVY TECH APHY 101 FINAL
,What are the shapes of bones? -CORRECT ANSWER-long, short, flat, irregular
Example of long bone -CORRECT ANSWER-femur
Example of short bones are -CORRECT ANSWER-carpals and tarsals in the ankle and wrist
Examples of flat bones -CORRECT ANSWER-ribs, scapulae, and some bones of the skull
Examples of irregular bones -CORRECT ANSWER-facial bones, vertebrae
What is articular cartilage? -CORRECT ANSWER-hyaline cartilage covering articular ends of the bones
What is a joint capsule? -CORRECT ANSWER-tissue that stops synovial fluid from escaping and encloses
and supports and holds the bones together.
What is a ligament? -CORRECT ANSWER-connects bone to bone and reinforce the joint capsule.
What is the synovial membrane? -CORRECT ANSWER-inner layer of the joint capsule, covers all of the
surface within the joint capsule.
What is synovial fluid? -CORRECT ANSWER-lubricates and nourishes the cartilage covering the bones at
movable joints and contains macrophages the remove microbes and debris from the joint cavity.
What is the menisci? -CORRECT ANSWER-cushion the articulating surfaces and help distribute body
weight onto these surfaces
What is the bursae? -CORRECT ANSWER-fluid-filled sac that acts as a ball bearing to reduce friction
IVY TECH APHY 101 FINAL
, What are the six different types of synovial joints? -CORRECT ANSWER-1. Ball-and-socket joints 2.
Condylar/ellipsodial joint
3. Plane/gliding joint
4. Hinge joint
5. Pivot/trochoid joint
6. Saddle/sellar joint
Define flexion -CORRECT ANSWER-bending a joint
Define extension -CORRECT ANSWER-straightening a body part
Define hyper extension -CORRECT ANSWER-increasing the angle beyond 180 degrees between the
bones of a joint (a back bend)
Define dorsiflexion -CORRECT ANSWER-movement at the ankle that moves the anterior portion of the
foot closer from the shin (rocking back on your heels)
Define plantar flexion -CORRECT ANSWER-movement at the ankle that moves the anterior portion of
the foot father from the shin (walking on your toes)
Define abduction -CORRECT ANSWER-moving away from the midline (lifting upper limb horizontally to
form an angle with the side of the body)
Define adduction -CORRECT ANSWER-moving towards the midline (returing upper limb from horizontal
position)
Define rotation -CORRECT ANSWER-moving a part around an axis (twisting head from side to side)
Define circumduction -CORRECT ANSWER-moving a part so that its ends follows a circular path (arm
cirlces, moving finger in circular motion without moving the hand)
IVY TECH APHY 101 FINAL
EXAM LATEST 300+ QUESTION AND ANSWERS 100%
COMPLETE A+ SCORE
What is the diaphysis? -CORRECT ANSWER-shaft of a long bone
What is the medullary cavity? -CORRECT ANSWER-hollow chamber in diaphysis. Marrow fills this cavity
What is the periosteum? -CORRECT ANSWER-a dense layer of vascular connective tissue enclosing a
bone
What is compact bone? -CORRECT ANSWER-wall of the diaphysis mainly composed of tightly packed
tissue
What is spongy bone? -CORRECT ANSWER-cancellous bone that largely composes the epiphysis
Describe the process of ossification -CORRECT ANSWER-step one 1: cordlike and connects muscles to
bones; a broad sheet of dense connective tissue that connects muscles to muscles
Step 2: long bones develop from rods of cartilage, some from membranes and some from tendons.
Step 3: ossification occurs first in the cartilage rods, then in the epiphyses of long bones.
Step 4: when the epiphysial cartilage has ossified (hardened), bone growth stops.
What is the epiphyseal plate? -CORRECT ANSWER-as spongy bone is deposited in the diaphysis and in
the epiphysis, a band of cartilage will form
IVY TECH APHY 101 FINAL
,What are osteoclasts? -CORRECT ANSWER-cells that break down bone
What are osteoblasts? -CORRECT ANSWER-bone forming cells
What are the functions of the skeletal system? -CORRECT ANSWER-support, protection, movement,
storage, blood cell formation
What is the axial skeleton? -CORRECT ANSWER-skull, vertebral column, rib cage
What is the appendicular skeleton? -CORRECT ANSWER-pectoral girdle, upper limbs, pelvic girdle,
lower limbs
What are the parts of a long bone? -CORRECT ANSWER-epiphysis and diaphysis
What is the epiphysis? -CORRECT ANSWER-end of a long bone that articulates (forms a joint) with
another bone.
What are the steps of fracture repair? -CORRECT ANSWER-1. Hematoma formation- blood vessels,
tissues in broken bone are torn resulting in a
Hematoma mass of clotted cells. Bone cells with no nutrition will die and area will become irritated.
2. Fibrocartilaginous callus formation- phagocytic cells invade the area and begin cleaning up the
debris.
3. Bone callus formation- about 1 week into repair, new bone begins to repair. This is called a
bony callus. This continues for about 3 months.
4. Bone remodeling- excess material removed, shaft was reconstructed.
How are bones classified? -CORRECT ANSWER-by shape
IVY TECH APHY 101 FINAL
,What are the shapes of bones? -CORRECT ANSWER-long, short, flat, irregular
Example of long bone -CORRECT ANSWER-femur
Example of short bones are -CORRECT ANSWER-carpals and tarsals in the ankle and wrist
Examples of flat bones -CORRECT ANSWER-ribs, scapulae, and some bones of the skull
Examples of irregular bones -CORRECT ANSWER-facial bones, vertebrae
What is articular cartilage? -CORRECT ANSWER-hyaline cartilage covering articular ends of the bones
What is a joint capsule? -CORRECT ANSWER-tissue that stops synovial fluid from escaping and encloses
and supports and holds the bones together.
What is a ligament? -CORRECT ANSWER-connects bone to bone and reinforce the joint capsule.
What is the synovial membrane? -CORRECT ANSWER-inner layer of the joint capsule, covers all of the
surface within the joint capsule.
What is synovial fluid? -CORRECT ANSWER-lubricates and nourishes the cartilage covering the bones at
movable joints and contains macrophages the remove microbes and debris from the joint cavity.
What is the menisci? -CORRECT ANSWER-cushion the articulating surfaces and help distribute body
weight onto these surfaces
What is the bursae? -CORRECT ANSWER-fluid-filled sac that acts as a ball bearing to reduce friction
IVY TECH APHY 101 FINAL
, What are the six different types of synovial joints? -CORRECT ANSWER-1. Ball-and-socket joints 2.
Condylar/ellipsodial joint
3. Plane/gliding joint
4. Hinge joint
5. Pivot/trochoid joint
6. Saddle/sellar joint
Define flexion -CORRECT ANSWER-bending a joint
Define extension -CORRECT ANSWER-straightening a body part
Define hyper extension -CORRECT ANSWER-increasing the angle beyond 180 degrees between the
bones of a joint (a back bend)
Define dorsiflexion -CORRECT ANSWER-movement at the ankle that moves the anterior portion of the
foot closer from the shin (rocking back on your heels)
Define plantar flexion -CORRECT ANSWER-movement at the ankle that moves the anterior portion of
the foot father from the shin (walking on your toes)
Define abduction -CORRECT ANSWER-moving away from the midline (lifting upper limb horizontally to
form an angle with the side of the body)
Define adduction -CORRECT ANSWER-moving towards the midline (returing upper limb from horizontal
position)
Define rotation -CORRECT ANSWER-moving a part around an axis (twisting head from side to side)
Define circumduction -CORRECT ANSWER-moving a part so that its ends follows a circular path (arm
cirlces, moving finger in circular motion without moving the hand)
IVY TECH APHY 101 FINAL
