Trends Exam 1- Practice UPDATED
ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
The nurse is reviewing the assignment for the shift and will be caring for the following
clients. Which client is at risk for hypokalemia? A client with:
A. Hyperemesis gravidarum
B. End-stage renal failure
C. Diabetic ketoacidosis
D. Third-degree burns - CORRECT ANSWER A. Hyperemesis gravidarum
The nurse reviews the clients arterial blood gas (ABG). Based on the results, which
prescription should the nurse request from the primary healthcare provider (PHCP)> See the
image below:
ph:7.33
PaCO2: 53mmHg
HCO3: 24mEq/L
PaO2: 95mmHg
A. Supplemental oxygen
B. Bronchodilator
C. Regular insulin
D. Sodium polystyrene - CORRECT ANSWER B. Bronchodilator
A client experiencing an acute exacerbation of ulcerative colitis underwent diagnostic testing
and was found to have elevated serum osmolarity and urine specific gravity. Which of the
following is related to the these findings?
A. Renal insufficiency
B. Diabetes insipidus
C. Hypoaldosteronism
D. Deficient fluid volume - CORRECT ANSWER D. Deficient fluid volume
,The infection control nurse assesses clients at risk for a urinary tract infection (UTI). Which
client is at the greatest risk of developing a UTI? A client with
A. a chronic indwelling urinary catheter receiving intravenous diuretics.
B. diabetes mellitus who is receiving intravenous antibiotics for a wound infection.
C. obesity being treated for urge incontinence.
D. a history of frequent bladder infections. - CORRECT ANSWER A. a chronic
indwelling urinary catheter receiving intravenous diuretics
The nurse is reviewing the client's laboratory data. Which current prescription should the
nurse clarify with the primary healthcare provider (PHCP)? See the image below.
Sodium: 132mEq/L
Potassium: 4.8mEq/L
Calcium: 9.0 mg/dL
BUN: 11mg/dL
Creatinine: 1.2mg/dL
A. Hydrochlorothiazide
B. Lisinopril
C. Naproxen
D. Tamsulosin - CORRECT ANSWER A. Hydrochlorothiazide
A patient with a kidney injury has a serum potassium level of 6.1 mEq/L(3.5-5 mEq/L).
Which of the following actions is a priority?
A. Encourage exercise
B. Check the patient's sodium level
C. Place the patient on a cardiac monitor
D. Encourage increased fluid intake - CORRECT ANSWER C. Place the patient on a
cardiac monitor
, The nurse is caring for a client who is severely hypernatremic. Based on the complications
from this electrolyte imbalance, the nurse knows that the priority assessment is which of the
following?
A. Cardiovascular status
B. Genitourinary status
C. Neurological status
D. Gastrointestinal status - CORRECT ANSWER C. Neurological status
The nurse taking care of a malnourished patient reviews their lab results and notes that the
patient is currently hypokalemic. The nurse knows that given this condition, the patient
should be monitored for which changes in their EKG?
A. U wave and a flat T wave
B. An inverted QRS complex
C. Absence of a U wave
D. Exaggerated QRS complex - CORRECT ANSWER A. U wave and a flat T wave
The nurse is assessing a client receiving peritoneal dialysis. Which laboratory result should
immediately be reported to the primary healthcare provider (PHCP)?
A. WBC 19,000 mm3 [5,000-10,000 mm3]
B. Hemoglobin 9 mg/dL [Male: 14-18 g/dL (140-180 g/L) Female: 12-16 g/dL (120-160
g/L)]
C. Calcium 8.6 mg/dL [9.0-10.5 mg/dL]
D. Serum pH 7.33 [7.35-7.45] - CORRECT ANSWER A. WBC 19,000 mm3 [5,000-
10,000 mm3]
The nurse is reviewing labs for a client with a serum potassium level of 3.3 mEq/L(3.5-5
mEq/L). The nurse should take which essential action?
A. Educate the client on potassium-rich foods
B. Implement continuous telemetry monitoring
C. Obtain an order for calcium gluconate
D. Assess the client's neurological status - CORRECT ANSWER B. Implement
continuous telemetry monitoring
ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
The nurse is reviewing the assignment for the shift and will be caring for the following
clients. Which client is at risk for hypokalemia? A client with:
A. Hyperemesis gravidarum
B. End-stage renal failure
C. Diabetic ketoacidosis
D. Third-degree burns - CORRECT ANSWER A. Hyperemesis gravidarum
The nurse reviews the clients arterial blood gas (ABG). Based on the results, which
prescription should the nurse request from the primary healthcare provider (PHCP)> See the
image below:
ph:7.33
PaCO2: 53mmHg
HCO3: 24mEq/L
PaO2: 95mmHg
A. Supplemental oxygen
B. Bronchodilator
C. Regular insulin
D. Sodium polystyrene - CORRECT ANSWER B. Bronchodilator
A client experiencing an acute exacerbation of ulcerative colitis underwent diagnostic testing
and was found to have elevated serum osmolarity and urine specific gravity. Which of the
following is related to the these findings?
A. Renal insufficiency
B. Diabetes insipidus
C. Hypoaldosteronism
D. Deficient fluid volume - CORRECT ANSWER D. Deficient fluid volume
,The infection control nurse assesses clients at risk for a urinary tract infection (UTI). Which
client is at the greatest risk of developing a UTI? A client with
A. a chronic indwelling urinary catheter receiving intravenous diuretics.
B. diabetes mellitus who is receiving intravenous antibiotics for a wound infection.
C. obesity being treated for urge incontinence.
D. a history of frequent bladder infections. - CORRECT ANSWER A. a chronic
indwelling urinary catheter receiving intravenous diuretics
The nurse is reviewing the client's laboratory data. Which current prescription should the
nurse clarify with the primary healthcare provider (PHCP)? See the image below.
Sodium: 132mEq/L
Potassium: 4.8mEq/L
Calcium: 9.0 mg/dL
BUN: 11mg/dL
Creatinine: 1.2mg/dL
A. Hydrochlorothiazide
B. Lisinopril
C. Naproxen
D. Tamsulosin - CORRECT ANSWER A. Hydrochlorothiazide
A patient with a kidney injury has a serum potassium level of 6.1 mEq/L(3.5-5 mEq/L).
Which of the following actions is a priority?
A. Encourage exercise
B. Check the patient's sodium level
C. Place the patient on a cardiac monitor
D. Encourage increased fluid intake - CORRECT ANSWER C. Place the patient on a
cardiac monitor
, The nurse is caring for a client who is severely hypernatremic. Based on the complications
from this electrolyte imbalance, the nurse knows that the priority assessment is which of the
following?
A. Cardiovascular status
B. Genitourinary status
C. Neurological status
D. Gastrointestinal status - CORRECT ANSWER C. Neurological status
The nurse taking care of a malnourished patient reviews their lab results and notes that the
patient is currently hypokalemic. The nurse knows that given this condition, the patient
should be monitored for which changes in their EKG?
A. U wave and a flat T wave
B. An inverted QRS complex
C. Absence of a U wave
D. Exaggerated QRS complex - CORRECT ANSWER A. U wave and a flat T wave
The nurse is assessing a client receiving peritoneal dialysis. Which laboratory result should
immediately be reported to the primary healthcare provider (PHCP)?
A. WBC 19,000 mm3 [5,000-10,000 mm3]
B. Hemoglobin 9 mg/dL [Male: 14-18 g/dL (140-180 g/L) Female: 12-16 g/dL (120-160
g/L)]
C. Calcium 8.6 mg/dL [9.0-10.5 mg/dL]
D. Serum pH 7.33 [7.35-7.45] - CORRECT ANSWER A. WBC 19,000 mm3 [5,000-
10,000 mm3]
The nurse is reviewing labs for a client with a serum potassium level of 3.3 mEq/L(3.5-5
mEq/L). The nurse should take which essential action?
A. Educate the client on potassium-rich foods
B. Implement continuous telemetry monitoring
C. Obtain an order for calcium gluconate
D. Assess the client's neurological status - CORRECT ANSWER B. Implement
continuous telemetry monitoring
