PSYC 1001 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
Psychology - Answer -The science of behavior and cognitive processes
Two disciplines psychology developed from - Answer -1) Biology (esp. physiology)
2) Philosophy
Descartes' 4 major influences on scientific psychology - Answer -1) Skepticism
2) Humans defined by thinking
3) Body is a machine
4) Mind and body both exist and interact
Materialism - Answer -Everything is physical; view of modern science
Empiricism - Answer -Knowledge comes from experience through senses
Physiology - Answer -How parts of the body function
Wilhelm Wundt - Answer -Founder of modern psychology; German; founded in late
1800s
Introspection - Answer -Research method in which observers examine, record, and
describe their own internal and mental processes
Functionalism - Answer -How mental and behavioral processes function and how it
enables us to adapt, survive, and flourish
Functionalism opened up psych. by - Answer -Studying more topics, using more types
of subjects, and using more types of methods to study behavior and thinking
Influences of development of functionalism in US - Answer -Darwinism & Americans'
practical attitude
Behaviorism - Answer -Psychology should be an objective science without reference to
the mind or thinking
Behaviorists believe psychology should/should not study - Answer -Should study
behavior
Should NOT study mind/thinking
Machine that influenced development of cognitive psychology in 1960s - Answer -
Computers
Basic research - Answer -Pure science to increase scientific knowledge base
, Applied research - Answer -Scientific study aimed to solve practical problems
Nature-nurture tension dissolves into - Answer -Nurture works on what nature endows
Natural selection - Answer -Nature selects traits that best enable an organism to
survive and reproduce in a particular environment
3 main levels of analysis in psychology - Answer -1) Biological influences
2) Psychological influences
3) Social-cultural influences
Psychologists - Answer -Do not have MD
Psychiatrists - Answer -Have MD
Psychoanalysts - Answer -Sometimes have MD
Neuroscience - Answer -How the body and brain enable emotions, memories, and
sensory experiences
Evolutionary - Answer -How the natural selection of traits promoted the survival of
genes
Behavior genetics - Answer -How much our genes and our environment influence our
individual differences
Psychodynamic - Answer -How behavior springs from unconscious drives and conflicts
Behavioral - Answer -How we learn observable responses
Cognitive - Answer -Howe we encode, process, store, and retrieve information
Social-Cultural - Answer -How behavior and thinking vary across situations and
cultures
Hindsight bias - Answer -The tendency to believe, after learning an outcome, that one
would have foreseen it
Confirmation bias - Answer -Tendency to search for information that supports our
preconceptions and to ignore or distort contradictory evidence
3 main components of the scientific attitude - Answer -1) Curiosity
2) Skepticism
3) Humility
2 goals of science - Answer -1) Measure and describe
Psychology - Answer -The science of behavior and cognitive processes
Two disciplines psychology developed from - Answer -1) Biology (esp. physiology)
2) Philosophy
Descartes' 4 major influences on scientific psychology - Answer -1) Skepticism
2) Humans defined by thinking
3) Body is a machine
4) Mind and body both exist and interact
Materialism - Answer -Everything is physical; view of modern science
Empiricism - Answer -Knowledge comes from experience through senses
Physiology - Answer -How parts of the body function
Wilhelm Wundt - Answer -Founder of modern psychology; German; founded in late
1800s
Introspection - Answer -Research method in which observers examine, record, and
describe their own internal and mental processes
Functionalism - Answer -How mental and behavioral processes function and how it
enables us to adapt, survive, and flourish
Functionalism opened up psych. by - Answer -Studying more topics, using more types
of subjects, and using more types of methods to study behavior and thinking
Influences of development of functionalism in US - Answer -Darwinism & Americans'
practical attitude
Behaviorism - Answer -Psychology should be an objective science without reference to
the mind or thinking
Behaviorists believe psychology should/should not study - Answer -Should study
behavior
Should NOT study mind/thinking
Machine that influenced development of cognitive psychology in 1960s - Answer -
Computers
Basic research - Answer -Pure science to increase scientific knowledge base
, Applied research - Answer -Scientific study aimed to solve practical problems
Nature-nurture tension dissolves into - Answer -Nurture works on what nature endows
Natural selection - Answer -Nature selects traits that best enable an organism to
survive and reproduce in a particular environment
3 main levels of analysis in psychology - Answer -1) Biological influences
2) Psychological influences
3) Social-cultural influences
Psychologists - Answer -Do not have MD
Psychiatrists - Answer -Have MD
Psychoanalysts - Answer -Sometimes have MD
Neuroscience - Answer -How the body and brain enable emotions, memories, and
sensory experiences
Evolutionary - Answer -How the natural selection of traits promoted the survival of
genes
Behavior genetics - Answer -How much our genes and our environment influence our
individual differences
Psychodynamic - Answer -How behavior springs from unconscious drives and conflicts
Behavioral - Answer -How we learn observable responses
Cognitive - Answer -Howe we encode, process, store, and retrieve information
Social-Cultural - Answer -How behavior and thinking vary across situations and
cultures
Hindsight bias - Answer -The tendency to believe, after learning an outcome, that one
would have foreseen it
Confirmation bias - Answer -Tendency to search for information that supports our
preconceptions and to ignore or distort contradictory evidence
3 main components of the scientific attitude - Answer -1) Curiosity
2) Skepticism
3) Humility
2 goals of science - Answer -1) Measure and describe
