NUR 2063 Pathophysiology Exam 2 Test Questions and
Answers Rated A+
What is gastritis? - ANSWER -Inflammation warning and cause a drop in H/H and dark tarry
of the stomach lining. The lining will be red and stools and hematemesis.
inflamed and irritated
What is the role of H.pylori in peptic ulcer
What are the causes of gastritis? - disease? - ANSWER -promotes both gastric
ANSWER -Ingestion of irritating substances and duodenal ulcer formation and thrives in
such a alcohol, aspirin, NSAIDS, viruses and acidic areas. It slows down ulcer healing and can
bacteria reoccur frequently, and taking it away can help
ulcers heal.
What is GERD? - ANSWER -the back flow
of gastric contents into the esophagus through What is pseudomembranous colitis?(C.diff) -
the lower esophageal sphincter. The ANSWER -acute inflammation and necrosis
inflammation occurs from the reflex of highly of large intestine. The intestinal lining cannot
acidic stomach acid that comes up. absorb well.
What are the causes of GERD? - What is the cause of pseudomembranous colitis?
ANSWER -Any condition or agent that - ANSWER -clostridium difficile, exposure to
alters closure of the lower esophageal sphincter long term antibiotics that off set the e.coli and
or increases in abdominal pressure, fatty food, c.diff balance in intestine
caffeine, large amounts of alcohol, smoking,
pregnancy and anatomical features like hiatal
hernia What are the manifestations of
pseudomembranous colitis? - ANSWER -
foul smelling/bloody stool, abdominal pain, fever,
What are complications of GERD? - leukocytosis, sepsis, colonic perforation.
ANSWER -Barrett's esophagus where
columnar tissue replaces normal squamous
tissue in the distal esophagus that carries a high How do we treat pseudomembranous colitis? -
risk for cancer. Progression can lead to ulcers ANSWER -stop current antibiotics, treat
and scarring. Esophageal strictures, pulmonary ischemia and contributing conditions, give oral
symptoms such as cough, asthma and laryngitis antibiotics like metronidazole or vancomycin,
from reflux in breathing passages. fecal transplant or colectomy if severe
What are the signs and symptoms of peptic ulcer How do we prevent the spread of
disease? - ANSWER -epigastric burning pseudomembranous colitis? - ANSWER -
pain that is usually relieved by food or antacids wearing appropriate PPE and washing hands
(gastric ulcers present on empty stomach but can with soap and water only
be after food, duodenal ulcers present 2-3 hours
after food and is relieved by food). Can also be
life threatening as GI bleeding can occur without What are the signs and symptoms of
, NUR 2063 Pathophysiology Exam 2 Test Questions and
Answers Rated A+
appendicitis? - ANSWER -Periumbilical
pain, RLQ pain, presence of a positive
McBurneys point with pain, nausea, vomiting, Explain what jaundice is? - ANSWER -
fever, diarrhea, RLQ tenderness, systemic signs green- yellow staining of tissues from increased
of infection level of bilirubin as the liver cannot metabolize
extra bilirubin
How do we assess for appendicitis? -
ANSWER -McBurney's point technique Where can you find jaundice on assessment? -
when pressing on the belly button and RLQ hip ANSWER -eyes, skin, and mouth
region and removing the pressure causes
intense pain, indicates positive appendicitis
Explain what ascites is? - ANSWER -
pathological accumulation of fluid in the
What are the causes of bowel obstructions? - peritoneal cavity due to the loss of albumin in the
ANSWER -previous surgery of the liver, causing fluid to be free amongst the cells. It
intestines with adhesions, congenital can cause a lot of pain in the abdomen, and it
abnormalities of the bowel, metastatic cancer of must be drained with a parenthesis
the intestinal tract or female reproductive organs,
accumulation of fluid, gas, water and electrolytes
in the bowel. Explain hepatic encephalopathy? -
ANSWER -neuropsychiatric syndrome from
too much ammonia in the blood as the liver
What is a functional bowel obstruction? - cannot break it down. results in dementia and
ANSWER -a problem with the act of the psychotic symptoms common along with jerking
bowel actually moving, such as things that inhibit
movement from surgery, medications, opioids,
low fiber diets that can slow motility or shut off What is another name for end stage liver
the GI system from the SNS stimulation. disease? - ANSWER -cirrhosis
What is a mechanical bowel obstruction? - What are the signs and symptoms of gallstones?
ANSWER -due to adhesions, hernia, - ANSWER -sudden pain in the RUQ/
tumors, impacted feces, volvus or twisting of the center of the abdomen, back pain, and nauseas
intestines, intussusception and vomiting.
What are the signs and symptoms of liver Why do gallstones occur? - ANSWER -due
disease? - ANSWER -hepatocellular failure to often a blockage of a duct from a cholesterol
(jaundice, decreased clotting, hypoalbuminemia, filled stone
decreased vitamin D and K) and portal
hypertension (GI congestion due to blockage of
blood, more esophageal or gastric varies, What are the three stages of gallstone formation?
hemorrhoids, enlarged spleen,) - ANSWER -supersaturation, nucleation,
Answers Rated A+
What is gastritis? - ANSWER -Inflammation warning and cause a drop in H/H and dark tarry
of the stomach lining. The lining will be red and stools and hematemesis.
inflamed and irritated
What is the role of H.pylori in peptic ulcer
What are the causes of gastritis? - disease? - ANSWER -promotes both gastric
ANSWER -Ingestion of irritating substances and duodenal ulcer formation and thrives in
such a alcohol, aspirin, NSAIDS, viruses and acidic areas. It slows down ulcer healing and can
bacteria reoccur frequently, and taking it away can help
ulcers heal.
What is GERD? - ANSWER -the back flow
of gastric contents into the esophagus through What is pseudomembranous colitis?(C.diff) -
the lower esophageal sphincter. The ANSWER -acute inflammation and necrosis
inflammation occurs from the reflex of highly of large intestine. The intestinal lining cannot
acidic stomach acid that comes up. absorb well.
What are the causes of GERD? - What is the cause of pseudomembranous colitis?
ANSWER -Any condition or agent that - ANSWER -clostridium difficile, exposure to
alters closure of the lower esophageal sphincter long term antibiotics that off set the e.coli and
or increases in abdominal pressure, fatty food, c.diff balance in intestine
caffeine, large amounts of alcohol, smoking,
pregnancy and anatomical features like hiatal
hernia What are the manifestations of
pseudomembranous colitis? - ANSWER -
foul smelling/bloody stool, abdominal pain, fever,
What are complications of GERD? - leukocytosis, sepsis, colonic perforation.
ANSWER -Barrett's esophagus where
columnar tissue replaces normal squamous
tissue in the distal esophagus that carries a high How do we treat pseudomembranous colitis? -
risk for cancer. Progression can lead to ulcers ANSWER -stop current antibiotics, treat
and scarring. Esophageal strictures, pulmonary ischemia and contributing conditions, give oral
symptoms such as cough, asthma and laryngitis antibiotics like metronidazole or vancomycin,
from reflux in breathing passages. fecal transplant or colectomy if severe
What are the signs and symptoms of peptic ulcer How do we prevent the spread of
disease? - ANSWER -epigastric burning pseudomembranous colitis? - ANSWER -
pain that is usually relieved by food or antacids wearing appropriate PPE and washing hands
(gastric ulcers present on empty stomach but can with soap and water only
be after food, duodenal ulcers present 2-3 hours
after food and is relieved by food). Can also be
life threatening as GI bleeding can occur without What are the signs and symptoms of
, NUR 2063 Pathophysiology Exam 2 Test Questions and
Answers Rated A+
appendicitis? - ANSWER -Periumbilical
pain, RLQ pain, presence of a positive
McBurneys point with pain, nausea, vomiting, Explain what jaundice is? - ANSWER -
fever, diarrhea, RLQ tenderness, systemic signs green- yellow staining of tissues from increased
of infection level of bilirubin as the liver cannot metabolize
extra bilirubin
How do we assess for appendicitis? -
ANSWER -McBurney's point technique Where can you find jaundice on assessment? -
when pressing on the belly button and RLQ hip ANSWER -eyes, skin, and mouth
region and removing the pressure causes
intense pain, indicates positive appendicitis
Explain what ascites is? - ANSWER -
pathological accumulation of fluid in the
What are the causes of bowel obstructions? - peritoneal cavity due to the loss of albumin in the
ANSWER -previous surgery of the liver, causing fluid to be free amongst the cells. It
intestines with adhesions, congenital can cause a lot of pain in the abdomen, and it
abnormalities of the bowel, metastatic cancer of must be drained with a parenthesis
the intestinal tract or female reproductive organs,
accumulation of fluid, gas, water and electrolytes
in the bowel. Explain hepatic encephalopathy? -
ANSWER -neuropsychiatric syndrome from
too much ammonia in the blood as the liver
What is a functional bowel obstruction? - cannot break it down. results in dementia and
ANSWER -a problem with the act of the psychotic symptoms common along with jerking
bowel actually moving, such as things that inhibit
movement from surgery, medications, opioids,
low fiber diets that can slow motility or shut off What is another name for end stage liver
the GI system from the SNS stimulation. disease? - ANSWER -cirrhosis
What is a mechanical bowel obstruction? - What are the signs and symptoms of gallstones?
ANSWER -due to adhesions, hernia, - ANSWER -sudden pain in the RUQ/
tumors, impacted feces, volvus or twisting of the center of the abdomen, back pain, and nauseas
intestines, intussusception and vomiting.
What are the signs and symptoms of liver Why do gallstones occur? - ANSWER -due
disease? - ANSWER -hepatocellular failure to often a blockage of a duct from a cholesterol
(jaundice, decreased clotting, hypoalbuminemia, filled stone
decreased vitamin D and K) and portal
hypertension (GI congestion due to blockage of
blood, more esophageal or gastric varies, What are the three stages of gallstone formation?
hemorrhoids, enlarged spleen,) - ANSWER -supersaturation, nucleation,
