FULL TEST BANK FOR
ADVANCED PRACTICE NURSING 6TH EDITION HAMRIC
AND HANSON'S
|COMPLETE CHAPTERS 1-16
,Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Highlights From The History Of Advanced Practice NURSING In The United States 3
Chapter 2: Conceptualizations Of Advanced....................................................................................... 9
Chapter 3: A Definition Of Advanced Practice NURSING ............................................................. 16
Chapter 4: Role Development Of The Advanced Practice Nurse ................................................... 21
Chapter 5: Evolving And Innovative Opportunities For Advanced Practice NURSING ............... 31
Chapter 6: International Development Of Advanced Practice NURSING ..................................... 40
Chapter 7: Direct Clinical Practice ..................................................................................................... 44
Chapter 8: Coaching And Guidance .................................................................................................. 57
Chapter 9:Consultation ....................................................................................................................... 65
Chapter 10: Evidence-Based Practice And Research ........................................................................ 72
Chapter 11: Leadership ...................................................................................................................... 80
Chapter 12: Collaboration NEW Emphasis On Interprofessional Collaborative Practice ............. 86
Chapter 13: Ethical Decision Making ................................................................................................ 93
Chapter 14: The Clinical Nurse Specialist ....................................................................................... 101
Chapter 15: The Primary Care Nurse Practitioner ......................................................................... 109
Chapter 16: The Acute Care Nurse Practitioner ............................................................................. 116
,Chapter 1: Highlights From The History Of Advanced Practice
NURSING In The United States
Multiple Choice
1. In Which Year Did The American Association Of College Of NURSING (AACN) Introduced
The Doctorate Of NURSING Practice (DNP)?
A. 2006
B. 2004
C. 2000
D. 2002
ANSWER: B
The AACN Introduced The DNP Degree In 2004 To Prepare Advanced Practice Nurses (Aprns)
To Meet Challenges And Standardize Practice Beyond Master’s Degree Programs.
2. Which Of The Following Is The Best Explanation For The Creation Of The Doctorate Of
NURSING Practice (DNP) Degree?
A. To Compete Against Master’s Degree Programs
B. To Ensure Standardized Curriculum Ensuring Independent Practice
C. To Validate APRN’s For Financial Reimbursement
D. To Address Increasing Curriculum Requirements Of Master’s Degree Programs
ANSWER:D
Although All Answers Are Influenced By The DNP Core Competencies, The DNP Program
Creation In 2004 By The AACN Was Designed To Address Curriculum Requirements Of
Master’s Degree Programs.
3. Which Of The Following Was The First Recognized Area Of Advanced Practice NURSING?
,A. Clinical Nurse Specialist
B. Family Nurse Practitioner
C. Pediatric Nurse Practitioner
D. Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist
ANSWER:D
In 1931, The National Association Of Nurse Anesthetists (NANA), Renamed In 1939 To The
American Association Of Nurse Anesthetists (AANA) Was The First Recognized Group
Promoting Advanced NURSING Practice. Agatha Hodgins Founded The AANM At Lakeside
Hospital In Cleveland, Ohio.
4. Which Factor Is Broadly Perceived To Solidify And Standardize The Role Of The Apns Over
The Last 25 Years?
A. Lack Of Access To Health Care Providers
B. Standardized Curriculum Development
C. Payment For Services
D. Societal Forces
ANSWER:B
As The Evolution Of Advanced Practice NURSING Advances Specific Specialties And Needs
Are Identified. Through The Evolution Of Organization And Standardization These Roles Have
Solidified The APN’s Role In Today’s Health Care Environment.
5. During The Formation Of Early APN Roles In Anesthesia, Which Of The Following Increased
Demand For Access To Health Care?
A. Poverty
B. War
C. Rural Access To Care
D. Availability Of Training
ANSWER:B
,Earliest Demand For NURSING-Provided Anesthesia Spiked During Periods Of War When
Numbers Of Physicians Were Inadequate. The Earliest Records Date Back To The American
Civil War With The Administration Of Chloroform. During World War I In
1917 More Than 1000 Nurses, Some Trained Anesthetists, Traveled Into Battle. Other Factors
Such As Need For Rural Health Care Came Later In The Validation And Need For Apns.
6. In 1889, Dr. William Worrall Mayo Built And Opened St. Mary’s Hospital In Rochester, NY.
He Is Known For Some Of The Earliest Recruitment And Specialized Training Of Nurses In
Which Of The Following Roles?
A. Pediatrics
B. Anesthesia
C. Obstetrics
D. Research And Statistics
E. Family NURSING
ANSWER:B
In 1889, Dr. William Worrall Mayo Began Formally Training And Recognizing Nurse
Anesthetists. This Has Been Regarded As The Earliest Training In Nurse- Provided Anesthesia.
7. In 1893, Lillian Wald Established The Henry Street Settlement (HSS) House For Which
Purpose?
A. Access To Health Care Of Rural Areas
B. Create Inner-City NURSING Awareness
C. Provide The Disadvantaged Access To Care
D. Establish Guidelines For Advanced NURSING Roles
ANSWER:C
The HHS Was Established To Provide NURSING Services To Immigrants And Low- Income
Patients And Their Families In Manhattan. As Resistance To Nurse-Provided Care Grew,
,Standing Orders Were Drafted From A Group Of Lower East Side Physicians Thereby
Circumventing Then-Existing Legal Ramifications.
8. The Frontier NURSING Service (FNS) Founded In Kentucky In 1925 By Mary Breckenridge
Initially Provided Appalachia With NURSING Resources And Which Type Of Advanced
NURSING Care?
A. Pediatric Care
B. Anesthesia
C. Midwifery
D. Surgical Services
ANSWER:C
The Original FNS Provided NURSING Services And Obstetric Services To Appalachian
Residents. Later Working From Standard Orders Developed From Their Medical Advisory
Committee Nurses Treated Patients, Made Diagnoses, And Dispensed Medications.
9. Which Organization Founded In 1941 Under Mary Breckenridge’s Leadership Merged With
The American College Of Nurse-Midwives (ACNM) In 1969?
A. American Association Of Nurse-Midwives (AANM)
B. American Nurses Association (ANA)
C. Association For National Nurse-Midwifery (ANNM)
D. Council Of NURSING Midwifery (ANM)
ANSWER:A
The American College Of Nurse-Midwives (ACNM) Formed Under The Leadership Of Mary
Breckenridge In 1941 To Provide Nurse-Midwife Development And Collaboration For Midwife
Development. In 1955, The American College Of Nurse-Midwives Was Formed And The Two
Organizations Merged In 1969 After The Death Of Mary Breckenridge.
10. In A Landmark Ruling By The Supreme Court As A Result Of Chalmers-Frances V. Nelson,
1936, What Legal Precedent Was Established?
,A. Nurse Anesthesia Was Allowed Under The Nurse Practice Act
B. Nurse Anesthesia Scope Of Practice Included Anesthesia
C. Nurse Anesthesia Was Legal, If Under Guidance Of A Supervising Physician
D. Only Trained NURSING Professionals Could Administer Anesthesia Independently
ANSWER:C
The Landmark Decision From The Chalmers-Frances V. Nelson Case Set National Precedent
For The Advanced NURSING Practice Role. It Proved To Be The Basis For Other Cases Over
The Following Few Decades And Established That Trained Nurses Could Legally Provide
Anesthesia Care Under Supervision Of A Physician.
11. The First Known Establishment Of The Nurse Practitioner Role Occurred In 1965 At The
University Of Colorado. In Which Area Of Training Did This Role Specialize?
A. Pediatrics
B. Geriatrics
C. Midwifery
D. Anesthesia
ANSWER:A
The Establishment Of The First Pediatric Nurse Practitioner Program Was In 1965 At The
University Of Colorado. Loretta Ford, RN And Henry Silver, MD Provided A 4- Month Course
To Certified Registered Nurses To Provide Education On Managing Childhood Health Problems.
12. The DNP Program Curriculum Outlined Which Of The Following Clinical Requirements In
An Effort To Standardize Training?
A. 1000 Supervised Clinical Hours And 200 Unsupervised Clinical Hours
B. 1000 Supervised Clinical Hours
C. 900 Supervised Clinical Hours
D. 800 Supervised Clinical Hours And 200 Unsupervised Clinical Hours
,ANSWER:B
In 2004, The AACN Outlined The DNP Curriculum In An Effort To Standardize And Relieve
Challenges Of Master’s Degree Programs. This Includes A Standardized Curriculum Requiring
1000 Supervised Clinical Hours.
13. Which State Became The First To Recognize Diagnosis And Treatment As Part Of The
Scope Of Practice Of Specialty Nurses?
A. Idaho
B. Oklahoma
C. South Dakota
D. Maryland
ANSWER:A
Idaho Governor Cecil Andrus Signed HB 46 And HB 207 Into Law On February 11, 1971. This
Amended The States’ Nurse Practice Act Making It The First State To Officially Recognize
Diagnosis And Treatment Of Specialty Nurses. The Recognition Of The Ability To Diagnose
And Treat Overcame An Initial Hurdle Toward Independent NURSING Practice.
14. The American NURSING Association (ANA) Defines Which Requirement For
The Designation Of A Clinical Nurse Specialist In Any Specialty?
A. Specialty Training Certificate
B. Successful Completion Of Certification Examination
C. Masters Or Doctoral Degree
D. 1000 Hours Relevant Supervised Training
E. Two Or More Years Of Clinically Relevant Experience
ANSWER:C
,In 1980, The ANA Specifically Outlined Criteria For The Acknowledgment Of Clinical Nurse
Specialist Training Programs. At That Time They Required Graduate Level Training To Become
An Expert In A Relevant Specialty Area Of NURSING. Additionally, They Must Meet Any
Requirements Set Forth By The Specific Professional Society.
Chapter 2: Conceptualizations Of Advanced
Multiple Choice
15. Which Of The Following Is The Primary Mission Of The National Organization
Of Nurse Practitioner Faculties (NONPF)?
A. Provide Leadership In Promoting Quality NP Education
B. NP Faculty Training Program Assistance
C. Provide Financial Assistance To NP Students
D. Lobbying Legislature On Behalf Of Nps
ANSWER:A
The NONPF’s Primary Mission Is To Provide Leadership In Promoting Quality NP Education.
The Organization Has Published Domains And Core Competencies For Primary Care And These
Serve As A Framework For NP Education And Practice.
16. A Model Of Competencies That Are Encompassed Around Three Spheres Of
Influence Known As Patient, Nurses And NURSING Practice, And Organization And Influence
Is Known As?
A. NACNS Model Of Clinical Nurse Specialist Competencies
B. Fenton’s And Brykczynski’s Expert Practice
C. Calkin’s Model Of Advanced NURSING Practice
D. Shuler’s Model Of NP Practice
, ANSWER:A
The NACNS’s Initial 2008 Statement Was Revised In 2004. The Statement Outlined
Competencies That Aligned To Each Of The Three Spheres Of Influence: Patient, Nurses And
NURSING Practice, And Organization And Influence.
17. Building Upon Benner’s Seven Domains Of Expert NURSING Practice, Which
Conceptual Model Adds An Additional Domain “The Consulting Role Of The Nurse”?
A. Calkin’s Model Of Advanced NURSING Practice
B. Fenton’s And Brykczynski’s Expert Practice
C. Strong Memorial Hospital’s Model Of Advanced NURSING Practice
D. Shuler’s Model Of NP Practice
E. NACNS Clinical Nurse Specialists Model
ANSWER:B
Fenton’s And Brykczynski’s Expert Practice Domains Of The CNS And NP Expanded On
Benner’s Seven Domains Adding Consultation Provided By CNS’s To Other Nurses And
Management Of Health And Illness In Ambulatory Care Settings.
18. Which Model Of Conceptual Practice Was The First To Explicitly Distinguish
The Experience Level Of Advanced Practitioners?
A. Calkin’s Model Of Advanced NURSING Practice
B. Shuler’s Model Of NP Practice
C. NACNS Clinical Nurse Specialists Model
D. Strong Memorial Hospital’s Model Of Advanced NURSING Practice
E. Fenton’s And Brykczynski’s Expert Practice ANSWER:A
ADVANCED PRACTICE NURSING 6TH EDITION HAMRIC
AND HANSON'S
|COMPLETE CHAPTERS 1-16
,Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Highlights From The History Of Advanced Practice NURSING In The United States 3
Chapter 2: Conceptualizations Of Advanced....................................................................................... 9
Chapter 3: A Definition Of Advanced Practice NURSING ............................................................. 16
Chapter 4: Role Development Of The Advanced Practice Nurse ................................................... 21
Chapter 5: Evolving And Innovative Opportunities For Advanced Practice NURSING ............... 31
Chapter 6: International Development Of Advanced Practice NURSING ..................................... 40
Chapter 7: Direct Clinical Practice ..................................................................................................... 44
Chapter 8: Coaching And Guidance .................................................................................................. 57
Chapter 9:Consultation ....................................................................................................................... 65
Chapter 10: Evidence-Based Practice And Research ........................................................................ 72
Chapter 11: Leadership ...................................................................................................................... 80
Chapter 12: Collaboration NEW Emphasis On Interprofessional Collaborative Practice ............. 86
Chapter 13: Ethical Decision Making ................................................................................................ 93
Chapter 14: The Clinical Nurse Specialist ....................................................................................... 101
Chapter 15: The Primary Care Nurse Practitioner ......................................................................... 109
Chapter 16: The Acute Care Nurse Practitioner ............................................................................. 116
,Chapter 1: Highlights From The History Of Advanced Practice
NURSING In The United States
Multiple Choice
1. In Which Year Did The American Association Of College Of NURSING (AACN) Introduced
The Doctorate Of NURSING Practice (DNP)?
A. 2006
B. 2004
C. 2000
D. 2002
ANSWER: B
The AACN Introduced The DNP Degree In 2004 To Prepare Advanced Practice Nurses (Aprns)
To Meet Challenges And Standardize Practice Beyond Master’s Degree Programs.
2. Which Of The Following Is The Best Explanation For The Creation Of The Doctorate Of
NURSING Practice (DNP) Degree?
A. To Compete Against Master’s Degree Programs
B. To Ensure Standardized Curriculum Ensuring Independent Practice
C. To Validate APRN’s For Financial Reimbursement
D. To Address Increasing Curriculum Requirements Of Master’s Degree Programs
ANSWER:D
Although All Answers Are Influenced By The DNP Core Competencies, The DNP Program
Creation In 2004 By The AACN Was Designed To Address Curriculum Requirements Of
Master’s Degree Programs.
3. Which Of The Following Was The First Recognized Area Of Advanced Practice NURSING?
,A. Clinical Nurse Specialist
B. Family Nurse Practitioner
C. Pediatric Nurse Practitioner
D. Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist
ANSWER:D
In 1931, The National Association Of Nurse Anesthetists (NANA), Renamed In 1939 To The
American Association Of Nurse Anesthetists (AANA) Was The First Recognized Group
Promoting Advanced NURSING Practice. Agatha Hodgins Founded The AANM At Lakeside
Hospital In Cleveland, Ohio.
4. Which Factor Is Broadly Perceived To Solidify And Standardize The Role Of The Apns Over
The Last 25 Years?
A. Lack Of Access To Health Care Providers
B. Standardized Curriculum Development
C. Payment For Services
D. Societal Forces
ANSWER:B
As The Evolution Of Advanced Practice NURSING Advances Specific Specialties And Needs
Are Identified. Through The Evolution Of Organization And Standardization These Roles Have
Solidified The APN’s Role In Today’s Health Care Environment.
5. During The Formation Of Early APN Roles In Anesthesia, Which Of The Following Increased
Demand For Access To Health Care?
A. Poverty
B. War
C. Rural Access To Care
D. Availability Of Training
ANSWER:B
,Earliest Demand For NURSING-Provided Anesthesia Spiked During Periods Of War When
Numbers Of Physicians Were Inadequate. The Earliest Records Date Back To The American
Civil War With The Administration Of Chloroform. During World War I In
1917 More Than 1000 Nurses, Some Trained Anesthetists, Traveled Into Battle. Other Factors
Such As Need For Rural Health Care Came Later In The Validation And Need For Apns.
6. In 1889, Dr. William Worrall Mayo Built And Opened St. Mary’s Hospital In Rochester, NY.
He Is Known For Some Of The Earliest Recruitment And Specialized Training Of Nurses In
Which Of The Following Roles?
A. Pediatrics
B. Anesthesia
C. Obstetrics
D. Research And Statistics
E. Family NURSING
ANSWER:B
In 1889, Dr. William Worrall Mayo Began Formally Training And Recognizing Nurse
Anesthetists. This Has Been Regarded As The Earliest Training In Nurse- Provided Anesthesia.
7. In 1893, Lillian Wald Established The Henry Street Settlement (HSS) House For Which
Purpose?
A. Access To Health Care Of Rural Areas
B. Create Inner-City NURSING Awareness
C. Provide The Disadvantaged Access To Care
D. Establish Guidelines For Advanced NURSING Roles
ANSWER:C
The HHS Was Established To Provide NURSING Services To Immigrants And Low- Income
Patients And Their Families In Manhattan. As Resistance To Nurse-Provided Care Grew,
,Standing Orders Were Drafted From A Group Of Lower East Side Physicians Thereby
Circumventing Then-Existing Legal Ramifications.
8. The Frontier NURSING Service (FNS) Founded In Kentucky In 1925 By Mary Breckenridge
Initially Provided Appalachia With NURSING Resources And Which Type Of Advanced
NURSING Care?
A. Pediatric Care
B. Anesthesia
C. Midwifery
D. Surgical Services
ANSWER:C
The Original FNS Provided NURSING Services And Obstetric Services To Appalachian
Residents. Later Working From Standard Orders Developed From Their Medical Advisory
Committee Nurses Treated Patients, Made Diagnoses, And Dispensed Medications.
9. Which Organization Founded In 1941 Under Mary Breckenridge’s Leadership Merged With
The American College Of Nurse-Midwives (ACNM) In 1969?
A. American Association Of Nurse-Midwives (AANM)
B. American Nurses Association (ANA)
C. Association For National Nurse-Midwifery (ANNM)
D. Council Of NURSING Midwifery (ANM)
ANSWER:A
The American College Of Nurse-Midwives (ACNM) Formed Under The Leadership Of Mary
Breckenridge In 1941 To Provide Nurse-Midwife Development And Collaboration For Midwife
Development. In 1955, The American College Of Nurse-Midwives Was Formed And The Two
Organizations Merged In 1969 After The Death Of Mary Breckenridge.
10. In A Landmark Ruling By The Supreme Court As A Result Of Chalmers-Frances V. Nelson,
1936, What Legal Precedent Was Established?
,A. Nurse Anesthesia Was Allowed Under The Nurse Practice Act
B. Nurse Anesthesia Scope Of Practice Included Anesthesia
C. Nurse Anesthesia Was Legal, If Under Guidance Of A Supervising Physician
D. Only Trained NURSING Professionals Could Administer Anesthesia Independently
ANSWER:C
The Landmark Decision From The Chalmers-Frances V. Nelson Case Set National Precedent
For The Advanced NURSING Practice Role. It Proved To Be The Basis For Other Cases Over
The Following Few Decades And Established That Trained Nurses Could Legally Provide
Anesthesia Care Under Supervision Of A Physician.
11. The First Known Establishment Of The Nurse Practitioner Role Occurred In 1965 At The
University Of Colorado. In Which Area Of Training Did This Role Specialize?
A. Pediatrics
B. Geriatrics
C. Midwifery
D. Anesthesia
ANSWER:A
The Establishment Of The First Pediatric Nurse Practitioner Program Was In 1965 At The
University Of Colorado. Loretta Ford, RN And Henry Silver, MD Provided A 4- Month Course
To Certified Registered Nurses To Provide Education On Managing Childhood Health Problems.
12. The DNP Program Curriculum Outlined Which Of The Following Clinical Requirements In
An Effort To Standardize Training?
A. 1000 Supervised Clinical Hours And 200 Unsupervised Clinical Hours
B. 1000 Supervised Clinical Hours
C. 900 Supervised Clinical Hours
D. 800 Supervised Clinical Hours And 200 Unsupervised Clinical Hours
,ANSWER:B
In 2004, The AACN Outlined The DNP Curriculum In An Effort To Standardize And Relieve
Challenges Of Master’s Degree Programs. This Includes A Standardized Curriculum Requiring
1000 Supervised Clinical Hours.
13. Which State Became The First To Recognize Diagnosis And Treatment As Part Of The
Scope Of Practice Of Specialty Nurses?
A. Idaho
B. Oklahoma
C. South Dakota
D. Maryland
ANSWER:A
Idaho Governor Cecil Andrus Signed HB 46 And HB 207 Into Law On February 11, 1971. This
Amended The States’ Nurse Practice Act Making It The First State To Officially Recognize
Diagnosis And Treatment Of Specialty Nurses. The Recognition Of The Ability To Diagnose
And Treat Overcame An Initial Hurdle Toward Independent NURSING Practice.
14. The American NURSING Association (ANA) Defines Which Requirement For
The Designation Of A Clinical Nurse Specialist In Any Specialty?
A. Specialty Training Certificate
B. Successful Completion Of Certification Examination
C. Masters Or Doctoral Degree
D. 1000 Hours Relevant Supervised Training
E. Two Or More Years Of Clinically Relevant Experience
ANSWER:C
,In 1980, The ANA Specifically Outlined Criteria For The Acknowledgment Of Clinical Nurse
Specialist Training Programs. At That Time They Required Graduate Level Training To Become
An Expert In A Relevant Specialty Area Of NURSING. Additionally, They Must Meet Any
Requirements Set Forth By The Specific Professional Society.
Chapter 2: Conceptualizations Of Advanced
Multiple Choice
15. Which Of The Following Is The Primary Mission Of The National Organization
Of Nurse Practitioner Faculties (NONPF)?
A. Provide Leadership In Promoting Quality NP Education
B. NP Faculty Training Program Assistance
C. Provide Financial Assistance To NP Students
D. Lobbying Legislature On Behalf Of Nps
ANSWER:A
The NONPF’s Primary Mission Is To Provide Leadership In Promoting Quality NP Education.
The Organization Has Published Domains And Core Competencies For Primary Care And These
Serve As A Framework For NP Education And Practice.
16. A Model Of Competencies That Are Encompassed Around Three Spheres Of
Influence Known As Patient, Nurses And NURSING Practice, And Organization And Influence
Is Known As?
A. NACNS Model Of Clinical Nurse Specialist Competencies
B. Fenton’s And Brykczynski’s Expert Practice
C. Calkin’s Model Of Advanced NURSING Practice
D. Shuler’s Model Of NP Practice
, ANSWER:A
The NACNS’s Initial 2008 Statement Was Revised In 2004. The Statement Outlined
Competencies That Aligned To Each Of The Three Spheres Of Influence: Patient, Nurses And
NURSING Practice, And Organization And Influence.
17. Building Upon Benner’s Seven Domains Of Expert NURSING Practice, Which
Conceptual Model Adds An Additional Domain “The Consulting Role Of The Nurse”?
A. Calkin’s Model Of Advanced NURSING Practice
B. Fenton’s And Brykczynski’s Expert Practice
C. Strong Memorial Hospital’s Model Of Advanced NURSING Practice
D. Shuler’s Model Of NP Practice
E. NACNS Clinical Nurse Specialists Model
ANSWER:B
Fenton’s And Brykczynski’s Expert Practice Domains Of The CNS And NP Expanded On
Benner’s Seven Domains Adding Consultation Provided By CNS’s To Other Nurses And
Management Of Health And Illness In Ambulatory Care Settings.
18. Which Model Of Conceptual Practice Was The First To Explicitly Distinguish
The Experience Level Of Advanced Practitioners?
A. Calkin’s Model Of Advanced NURSING Practice
B. Shuler’s Model Of NP Practice
C. NACNS Clinical Nurse Specialists Model
D. Strong Memorial Hospital’s Model Of Advanced NURSING Practice
E. Fenton’s And Brykczynski’s Expert Practice ANSWER:A
