,Test Bank - Essentials of Pathophysiology (4th Edition by Porth)
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Table of Contents t t
Table of Contents t t 1
Chapter 01 - Cell Structure and Function
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Chapter 02 - Cellular Responses to Stress, Injury, and Aging Chapter
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03 - Inflammation, the Inflammatory Response, and Fever Chapter 04
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- Cell Proliferation, Tissue Regeneration, and Repair Chapter 05 -
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Genetic Control of Cell Function and Inheritance Chapter 06 - Genetic
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and Congenital Disorders
t t t 32
Chapter 07 - Neoplasia t t t 38
Chapter 08 - Disorders of Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance
t t t t t t t t t 45
Chapter 09 - Stress and Adaptation
t t t t t t 52
Chapter 10 - Disorders of Nutritional Status
t t t t t t 59
Chapter 11 - Disorders of White Blood Cells and Lymphoid Tissues
t t t t t t t t t t 65
Chapter 12 - Disorders of Hemostasis
t t t t t t 72
Chapter 13 - Disorders of Red Blood Cells Chapter
t t t t t t t t 79
14 - Mechanisms of Infectious Disease Chapter 15
t t t t t t t t 86
- Innate and Adaptive Immunity Chapter 16 -
t t t t t t t t 93
Disorders of the Immune Response Chapter 17 -
t t t t t t t t 100
Control of Cardiovascular Function
t t t t 107
Chapter 18 - Disorders of Blood Flow and Blood Pressure
t t t t t t t t t 113
Chapter 19 - Disorders of Cardiac Function
t t t t t t t 120
Chapter 20 - Heart Failure and Circulatory Shock
t t t t t t t 127
Chapter 21 - Control of Respiratory Function
t t t t t t t 134
Chapter 22 - Respiratory Tract Infections, Neoplasms, and Childhood Disorders
t t t t t t t t t 140
Chapter 23 - Disorders of Ventilation and Gas Exchange
t t t t t t t t t 147
Chapter 24 - Structure and Function of the Kidney Chapter
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25 - Disorders of Renal Function
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Chapter 26 - Acute Kidney Injury and Chronic Kidney Disease
t t t t t t t t t 166
Chapter 27 - Disorders of the Bladder and Lower Urinary Tract
t t t t t t t t t t t 173
Chapter 28 - Structure and Function of the Gastrointestinal System
t t t t t t t t t t 180
Chapter 29 - Disorders of Gastrointestinal Function
t t t t t t t 187
Chapter 30 - Disorders of Hepatobiliary and Exocrine Pancreatic Function Chapter
t t t t t t t t t t 193
31 - Mechanisms of Endocrine Control
t t t t t t 199
Chapter 32 - Disorders of Endocrine Control of Growth and Metabolism Chapter
t t t t t t t t t t t 206
33 - Diabetes Mellitus and the Metabolic Syndrome
t t t t t t t t 212
Chapter 34 - Organization and Control of Neural Function
t t t t t t t t 219
Chapter 35 - Somatosensory Function, Pain, and Headache
t t t t t t t t 225
Chapter 36 - Disorders of Neuromuscular Function
t t t t t t t 231
Chapter 37 - Disorders of Brain Function
t t t t t t 238
Chapter 38 - Disorders of Special Sensory Function
t t t t t t t 245
Chapter 39 - Disorders of the Male Genitourinary System
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Chapter 40 - Disorders of the Female Genitourinary System
t t t t t t t t t 257
Chapter 41 - Sexually Transmitted Infections
t t t t t t 263
Chapter 42 - Structure and Function of the Skeletal System
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Chapter 43 - Disorders of the Skeletal System
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Chapter 44 - Disorders of the Skeletal System
t t t t t t t 282
Chapter 45 - Structure and Function of the Integumentum
t t t t t t t t 288
Chapter 46 - Disorders of Skin Integrity and Function
t t t t t t t t t 294
,Test Bank - Essentials of Pathophysiology (4th Edition by Porth)
t t t t t t t t t 2
Chapter 01 - Cell Structure and Function
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1. The nucleus
t t , which is essential for function and survival of the cell.
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A) is the site of protein synthesis
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B) contains the genetic code t t t
C) transforms cellular energy t t
D) initiates aerobic metabolism t t
2. Although energy is not made in mitochondria, they are known as the power plants of the cell because
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they:
t
A) contain RNA for protein synthesis.
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B) utilize glycolysis for oxidative energy.
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C) extract energy from organic compounds.
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D) store calcium bonds for muscle contractions.
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3. Although the basic structure of the cell plasma membrane is formed by a lipid bilayer, most of the
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specific membrane functions are carried out by:
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A) bound and transmembrane proteins.
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B) complex, long carbohydrate chains. t t t
C) surface antigens and hormone receptors.
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D) a gating system of selective ion channels.
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4. To effectively relay signals, cell-to-cell communication utilizes chemical messenger systems that:
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A) displace surface receptor proteins. t t t
B) accumulate within cell gap junctions. t t t t
C) bind to contractile microfilaments.
t t t
, Test Bank - Essentials of Pathophysiology (4th Edition by Porth)
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D) release secretions into extracellular fluid.
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5. Aerobic metabolism, also known as oxidative metabolism, provides energy by:
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A) removing the phosphate bonds from ATP.
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B) combining hydrogen and oxygen to form water.
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C) activating pyruvate stored in the cytoplasm.
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D) breaking down glucose to form lactic acid.
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6. Exocytosis, the reverse of endocytosis, is important in
t t t t t t t t into the extracellular fluid.
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A) Engulfing and ingesting fluid and proteins for transport
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B) Killing, degrading, and dissolving harmful microorganisms
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C) Removing cellular debris and releasing synthesized substances
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D) Destruction of particles by lysosomal enzymes for secretion
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7. The process responsible for generating and conducting membrane potentials is:
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A) diffusion of current-carrying ions.
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B) millivoltage of electrical potential. t t t
C) polarization of charged particles. t t t
D) ion channel neurotransmission.
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8. Epithelial tissues are classified according to the shape of the cells and the number of layers. Which of the
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following is a correctly matched description and type of epithelial tissue?
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A) Simple epithelium: cells in contact with intercellular matrix; some do not extend to surface
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B) Stratified epithelium: single layer of cells; all cells rest on basement membrane
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C) Glandular epithelium: arise from surface epithelia and underlying connective tissue
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D) Pseudostratified epithelium: multiple layers of cells; deepest layer rests on basement membrane
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t t t t t t t t t 1
Table of Contents t t
Table of Contents t t 1
Chapter 01 - Cell Structure and Function
t t t t t t 2
Chapter 02 - Cellular Responses to Stress, Injury, and Aging Chapter
t t t t t t t t t t 8
03 - Inflammation, the Inflammatory Response, and Fever Chapter 04
t t t t t t t t t t 15
- Cell Proliferation, Tissue Regeneration, and Repair Chapter 05 -
t t t t t t t t t t 22
Genetic Control of Cell Function and Inheritance Chapter 06 - Genetic
t t t t t t t t t t t 26
and Congenital Disorders
t t t 32
Chapter 07 - Neoplasia t t t 38
Chapter 08 - Disorders of Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance
t t t t t t t t t 45
Chapter 09 - Stress and Adaptation
t t t t t t 52
Chapter 10 - Disorders of Nutritional Status
t t t t t t 59
Chapter 11 - Disorders of White Blood Cells and Lymphoid Tissues
t t t t t t t t t t 65
Chapter 12 - Disorders of Hemostasis
t t t t t t 72
Chapter 13 - Disorders of Red Blood Cells Chapter
t t t t t t t t 79
14 - Mechanisms of Infectious Disease Chapter 15
t t t t t t t t 86
- Innate and Adaptive Immunity Chapter 16 -
t t t t t t t t 93
Disorders of the Immune Response Chapter 17 -
t t t t t t t t 100
Control of Cardiovascular Function
t t t t 107
Chapter 18 - Disorders of Blood Flow and Blood Pressure
t t t t t t t t t 113
Chapter 19 - Disorders of Cardiac Function
t t t t t t t 120
Chapter 20 - Heart Failure and Circulatory Shock
t t t t t t t 127
Chapter 21 - Control of Respiratory Function
t t t t t t t 134
Chapter 22 - Respiratory Tract Infections, Neoplasms, and Childhood Disorders
t t t t t t t t t 140
Chapter 23 - Disorders of Ventilation and Gas Exchange
t t t t t t t t t 147
Chapter 24 - Structure and Function of the Kidney Chapter
t t t t t t t t t 153
25 - Disorders of Renal Function
t t t t t t 160
Chapter 26 - Acute Kidney Injury and Chronic Kidney Disease
t t t t t t t t t 166
Chapter 27 - Disorders of the Bladder and Lower Urinary Tract
t t t t t t t t t t t 173
Chapter 28 - Structure and Function of the Gastrointestinal System
t t t t t t t t t t 180
Chapter 29 - Disorders of Gastrointestinal Function
t t t t t t t 187
Chapter 30 - Disorders of Hepatobiliary and Exocrine Pancreatic Function Chapter
t t t t t t t t t t 193
31 - Mechanisms of Endocrine Control
t t t t t t 199
Chapter 32 - Disorders of Endocrine Control of Growth and Metabolism Chapter
t t t t t t t t t t t 206
33 - Diabetes Mellitus and the Metabolic Syndrome
t t t t t t t t 212
Chapter 34 - Organization and Control of Neural Function
t t t t t t t t 219
Chapter 35 - Somatosensory Function, Pain, and Headache
t t t t t t t t 225
Chapter 36 - Disorders of Neuromuscular Function
t t t t t t t 231
Chapter 37 - Disorders of Brain Function
t t t t t t 238
Chapter 38 - Disorders of Special Sensory Function
t t t t t t t 245
Chapter 39 - Disorders of the Male Genitourinary System
t t t t t t t t t 251
Chapter 40 - Disorders of the Female Genitourinary System
t t t t t t t t t 257
Chapter 41 - Sexually Transmitted Infections
t t t t t t 263
Chapter 42 - Structure and Function of the Skeletal System
t t t t t t t t t 269
Chapter 43 - Disorders of the Skeletal System
t t t t t t t t 275
Chapter 44 - Disorders of the Skeletal System
t t t t t t t 282
Chapter 45 - Structure and Function of the Integumentum
t t t t t t t t 288
Chapter 46 - Disorders of Skin Integrity and Function
t t t t t t t t t 294
,Test Bank - Essentials of Pathophysiology (4th Edition by Porth)
t t t t t t t t t 2
Chapter 01 - Cell Structure and Function
t t t t t t
1. The nucleus
t t , which is essential for function and survival of the cell.
t t t t t t t t t t
A) is the site of protein synthesis
t t t t t
B) contains the genetic code t t t
C) transforms cellular energy t t
D) initiates aerobic metabolism t t
2. Although energy is not made in mitochondria, they are known as the power plants of the cell because
t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t
they:
t
A) contain RNA for protein synthesis.
t t t t
B) utilize glycolysis for oxidative energy.
t t t t
C) extract energy from organic compounds.
t t t t
D) store calcium bonds for muscle contractions.
t t t t t
3. Although the basic structure of the cell plasma membrane is formed by a lipid bilayer, most of the
t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t
specific membrane functions are carried out by:
t t t t t t t
A) bound and transmembrane proteins.
t t t
B) complex, long carbohydrate chains. t t t
C) surface antigens and hormone receptors.
t t t t
D) a gating system of selective ion channels.
t t t t t t
4. To effectively relay signals, cell-to-cell communication utilizes chemical messenger systems that:
t t t t t t t t t t
A) displace surface receptor proteins. t t t
B) accumulate within cell gap junctions. t t t t
C) bind to contractile microfilaments.
t t t
, Test Bank - Essentials of Pathophysiology (4th Edition by Porth)
t t t t t t t t t 3
D) release secretions into extracellular fluid.
t t t t
5. Aerobic metabolism, also known as oxidative metabolism, provides energy by:
t t t t t t t t t
A) removing the phosphate bonds from ATP.
t t t t t
B) combining hydrogen and oxygen to form water.
t t t t t t
C) activating pyruvate stored in the cytoplasm.
t t t t t
D) breaking down glucose to form lactic acid.
t t t t t t
6. Exocytosis, the reverse of endocytosis, is important in
t t t t t t t t into the extracellular fluid.
t t t
A) Engulfing and ingesting fluid and proteins for transport
t t t t t t t
B) Killing, degrading, and dissolving harmful microorganisms
t t t t t
C) Removing cellular debris and releasing synthesized substances
t t t t t t
D) Destruction of particles by lysosomal enzymes for secretion
t t t t t t t
7. The process responsible for generating and conducting membrane potentials is:
t t t t t t t t t
A) diffusion of current-carrying ions.
t t t
B) millivoltage of electrical potential. t t t
C) polarization of charged particles. t t t
D) ion channel neurotransmission.
t t
8. Epithelial tissues are classified according to the shape of the cells and the number of layers. Which of the
t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t
following is a correctly matched description and type of epithelial tissue?
t t t t t t t t t t t
A) Simple epithelium: cells in contact with intercellular matrix; some do not extend to surface
t t t t t t t t t t t t t
B) Stratified epithelium: single layer of cells; all cells rest on basement membrane
t t t t t t t t t t t
C) Glandular epithelium: arise from surface epithelia and underlying connective tissue
t t t t t t t t t
D) Pseudostratified epithelium: multiple layers of cells; deepest layer rests on basement membrane
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