NUR209/NUR 209 (2025/2026) Questions with Correct Verified Answers ,GRADED A+

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NUR209/NUR209(2025/2026)QuestionswithCorrect
VerifiedAnswers,GRADEDA+
Leading cause of injury in older adults? - ANS ✔Falls!
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- pts who fall are more likely to be admitted to long term care
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- a hx of falls is a big predictor for future falls!!
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Cataract Surgery: indications - ANS ✔- must be 20/40 or worse,
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- and sx like glare, halo, and photosensitivity
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Cataract Surgery: complications -
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ANS ✔infection, retinal detachment, corneal edema
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Cataract Treatment - ANS ✔- A A A A


prevent with multivitamins, antioxidant foods, supplements
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ASurgery (vision must be 20/40 or worse, and sx like glare, halo, and p
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hotosensitivity) A




- Complication: infection, retinal detachment, corneal edema
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Presbyopia - ANS ✔Farsightedness as a result of aging
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- poor accommodation
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- hardening of the crystalline lens (nuclear sclerosis)
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- atrophy
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- decreased photoreceptors in the retna
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Pharmacokinetics - ANS ✔the body's effect on the drug A A A A A A A A




absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion
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how is absorption different in geriatric patients - ANS ✔-
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certain diseases and medications can cause increased GI motility (absorbs l
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ess drug) or increase motility (sits there and is over-absorbed)
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- decreased perfusion of blood to GI system, decr peristalsis
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Aantacid and PPI drugs = increased gastric pH (more basic( which affe
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cts absorption of other drugs
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- atrophy of GI tract = decr surface area &villi for absorption
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- less active transporters, altering absorption
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A*absorption SPEED is SLOWED, but the total amount absorbed is unch
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anged from young* A A




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How is distribution different in geriatric pts - ANS ✔-
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older pts have more fat and less lean mass = fat soluble drugs have more v
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olume to distribute over = decr serum levels
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Aold ppl have less total body water = hydrophilic drugs have less volu
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me to distribute over, causing incr serum level
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A



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Aold pts have decreased serum albumin levels = drugs that bind to pro
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teins will have less to bind to = increased free floating active drugs in
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blood


How is metabolism different in geriatric pts - ANS ✔-
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APhase 1 metabolism (cytochrome P450) system is used to metabolize drug
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s, and decreases with age.
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The P450 system can be inhibited or activated by other drugs/food
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- individuals can have genetic polymorphisms = fast ultra-
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metabolizers A




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AFirst pass/Phase 1 metabolism (activates the drug): decr by 1% per y
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ear A




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APhase 2 (hepatic/conjunction) metabolism = for inactivating drugs m
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ostly




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How is excretion different in geriatric pts - ANS ✔-
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Aaging = decreased RENAL FUNCTION (decr is mass and perfusion of kidney
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) A




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Alow creatinine is a less reliable indicator of poor renal function in ad
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ults bc they have decr muscle mass
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- increased half life for water soluble drugs
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Creatinine Clearance Formula - ANS ✔1.2 (140-age) (weight in kg)
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______________________________________
Serum creatinine (umol/L)
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(for women, replace 1.2 with 0.85)
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Pharmacodynamics - ANS ✔How the drug affects the body A A A A A A A A




How is the CARDIOVASCULAR system different in geriatric pts -
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ANS ✔-
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decr baroreceptors sensitivity (therefore = postural hypotension caused b
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y antihypertensives)
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- decr sensitivity and number of beta-
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adrenoreceptors (therefore decr vasodilation/constriction when in n
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eed) A




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