Gms6540 review exam 1 with correct |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
answers
Genetic changes are required for which of the following to occur? Select all that apply. - correct
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answer✔✔Initiation/Transformation of a cell
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Formation of a malignant tumor from a pre-neoplastic lesion |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Formation of clinical cancer from a malignant tumor |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Metastasis of a clinical cancer |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
What effect would a G12V mutation in Ras have on ERK? - correct answer✔✔It would lead to
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
increased activation of ERK. |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Are cancers more likely to develop mutation that activate or inactivate Rb? - correct
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
answer✔✔inactivate
Metabolites of nicotine commonly result in DNA point mutations. which type of DNA instability |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
is this an example of? - correct answer✔✔genetic instability
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If a human cell underwent endoreduplication followed by failed cytokinesis, how many
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
chromosomes would you expect that cell to now contain? - correct answer✔✔184 |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Which of the following statements is true regarding apoptosis? - correct answer✔✔Cancer
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
cells must avoid it. |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Which statement best describes the Warburg effect? - correct answer✔✔The switching of
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
cancer cells from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
, A patient undergoes an FdG-PET scan. Will a tumor contain more or less
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
^18flourodeoxyglucose than normal the surrounding tissue? - correct answer✔✔More |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Angiogenesis is _______. - correct answer✔✔The process of creating new blood vessels from |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
current blood vessels |||\\\ |||\\\
Is inflammation, harmful or beneficial to cancer? - correct answer✔✔beneficial
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
If a cell expresses a mutant form of EGFR, would this be considered a tumor specific antigen, or
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
a tumor associated antigen? - correct answer✔✔tumor specific antigen
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Which statement best describes how cancer cells overcome the Hayflick limit? - correct
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
answer✔✔They upregulate telomerase |||\\\ |||\\\
What chemical causes the most cigarette related DNA mutations? - correct
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
answer✔✔Benzo[a]pyrene
The Epstein-Barr virus most famous for causing mononucleosis, also plays a prevalent role in
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
the formation of what type of cancer? - correct answer✔✔Burkitt's lymphoma
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What viral proteins is capable of inhibiting p53? - correct answer✔✔E6
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Which class of cancer drugs is the least selective towards cancer cells? - correct
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
answer✔✔chemotherapy
Is chemotherapy generally more effective when tumors are small or large? - correct
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
answer✔✔small
answers
Genetic changes are required for which of the following to occur? Select all that apply. - correct
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
answer✔✔Initiation/Transformation of a cell
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Formation of a malignant tumor from a pre-neoplastic lesion |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Formation of clinical cancer from a malignant tumor |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Metastasis of a clinical cancer |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
What effect would a G12V mutation in Ras have on ERK? - correct answer✔✔It would lead to
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
increased activation of ERK. |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Are cancers more likely to develop mutation that activate or inactivate Rb? - correct
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
answer✔✔inactivate
Metabolites of nicotine commonly result in DNA point mutations. which type of DNA instability |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
is this an example of? - correct answer✔✔genetic instability
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
If a human cell underwent endoreduplication followed by failed cytokinesis, how many
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
chromosomes would you expect that cell to now contain? - correct answer✔✔184 |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Which of the following statements is true regarding apoptosis? - correct answer✔✔Cancer
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
cells must avoid it. |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Which statement best describes the Warburg effect? - correct answer✔✔The switching of
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
cancer cells from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
, A patient undergoes an FdG-PET scan. Will a tumor contain more or less
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
^18flourodeoxyglucose than normal the surrounding tissue? - correct answer✔✔More |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Angiogenesis is _______. - correct answer✔✔The process of creating new blood vessels from |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
current blood vessels |||\\\ |||\\\
Is inflammation, harmful or beneficial to cancer? - correct answer✔✔beneficial
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
If a cell expresses a mutant form of EGFR, would this be considered a tumor specific antigen, or
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
a tumor associated antigen? - correct answer✔✔tumor specific antigen
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Which statement best describes how cancer cells overcome the Hayflick limit? - correct
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
answer✔✔They upregulate telomerase |||\\\ |||\\\
What chemical causes the most cigarette related DNA mutations? - correct
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
answer✔✔Benzo[a]pyrene
The Epstein-Barr virus most famous for causing mononucleosis, also plays a prevalent role in
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
the formation of what type of cancer? - correct answer✔✔Burkitt's lymphoma
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
What viral proteins is capable of inhibiting p53? - correct answer✔✔E6
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Which class of cancer drugs is the least selective towards cancer cells? - correct
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
answer✔✔chemotherapy
Is chemotherapy generally more effective when tumors are small or large? - correct
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
answer✔✔small
