WGU D023 SCHOOL FINANCIAL LEADERSHIP 2025 WITH QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
VERIFIED ANSWERS GRADED A+ GUARANTEED 100% PASS
1st Development Stage of School Finance - (answer)The period of local district financial responsibility,
with little or no assistance from the state
-used to be local or church
-rate bills or tuition
-problem in equity
2nd Development Stage of School Finance - (answer)The period of emerging state responsibility, with
the use of flat grants, subventions, and other nonequalizing state allocations to local districts
-state to supplement local tax revenues to provide acceptable programs
3rd Development Stage of School Finance - (answer)The emergence of the Strayer-Haig concept of a
foundation program (minimum program)
-Each local district would levy the amount of local tax that was required in the richest district of the
state to provide a foundation, or minimum, program. The rich district would receive no state funds; the
other districts would receive state funds necessary to provide the foundation program.
4th Development Stage of School Finance - (answer)The period of refinement of the foundation
program concept
-use of flat grants
-question to take money from wealthy districts to equalize
5th Development Stage of School Finance - (answer)"Power" or "open-end" (shared costs) equalization
practices
-20th century
Equalization - (answer)state and local districts began exercising a degree of partnership in establishing
and paying for a basic program of education for every school-age child in the state—at least in theory. In
practice, the link between funding and program quality was questionable.
, WGU D023 SCHOOL FINANCIAL LEADERSHIP 2025 WITH QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
VERIFIED ANSWERS GRADED A+ GUARANTEED 100% PASS
open-ended, or shared-cost, equalization plan - (answer)the percentage of this program to be paid by
each individual district and by the state. This percentage of state funds would be high for poor districts
and low for wealthier ones. Once that determination has been made for each district, the same
partnership ratio would be maintained to pay the total cost of the school program in each district
-Harlan Updegraff
6th Development Stage of School Finance - (answer)The shift of emphasis and influence, and funding for
special need
-economic factors influenced (wars, terrorist attacks, natural disasters, fluctuating prices in energy, had
to rethink budget and safety of schools
7th Development Stage of School Finance - (answer)A focus on adequacy in education finance
-court cases
-sufficient funding is needed to meet state laws, standards, and requirements, and must be
constitutionally enforceable
-CCSS
Foundational funding - (answer)The state provides a minimal level of funding as a guarantee per student
expenditure. The intent of this system is to counteract the disparity of wealth across various districts of
a state.
Common School Era - (answer)Local school districts were formed to support the education of the local
population, many of whom were the children of immigrants. In order to accommodate this influx of
educational need with limited personal resources, local property taxes became mandated to support
public schools.
Early Colonial Schooling - (answer)Funded through tuition or rate changes, primarily as a funding of the
local community or church of that community.
Funding for public schools is directly addressed in which document? - (answer)State Constitution
, WGU D023 SCHOOL FINANCIAL LEADERSHIP 2025 WITH QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
VERIFIED ANSWERS GRADED A+ GUARANTEED 100% PASS
-The funding and operation of public schools is directly addressed in each state's constitution. Access to
education and the quality are different depending upon how the state defines its language. For example,
a "right" to education is different than a "goal" to educate all citizens. A "right" provides grounds for
equity and equality litigation while a "goal" may provide more flexibility in disparity.
What is meant by pupil expenditure? - (answer)The pupil expenditure is the total expense accounted for
by that specific student. For example, this funding amount includes but is not limited to: personnel
expenses (salary, benefits, and other human resource expenses), transportation costs (gas, busses, oil,
personnel), facility expenses (building construction, maintenance, utilities, insurance), and instructional
resources (books, supplies, technology, materials). The amount of this pupil expenditure will vary as the
cost of living changes for the location, but in many states the "foundational per pupil expenditure" is a
guaranteed amount per pupil. In instances where the local funding is insufficient, it is supplemented by
the state.
Financial disparity - (answer)
Financial adequacy - (answer)
Financial productivity - (answer)
Federal Funding - (answer)Federal aid continues to be provided in the form of categorical aid. Yet, it may
be time for a larger federal role in financing schools. The largest and most visible categorical federal
assistance programs are ESEA and IDEA. Also, Raced to the Top has garnered federal aid as a key
initiative in the Obama administration. Federal lands have provided funds for localities in the form of
payments in lieu of taxes.
State Funding - (answer)Equalization aid is the chief method states use to distribute funding to local
school districts within their borders using a foundation program or district power equalization
Local Funding - (answer)property taxes
VERIFIED ANSWERS GRADED A+ GUARANTEED 100% PASS
1st Development Stage of School Finance - (answer)The period of local district financial responsibility,
with little or no assistance from the state
-used to be local or church
-rate bills or tuition
-problem in equity
2nd Development Stage of School Finance - (answer)The period of emerging state responsibility, with
the use of flat grants, subventions, and other nonequalizing state allocations to local districts
-state to supplement local tax revenues to provide acceptable programs
3rd Development Stage of School Finance - (answer)The emergence of the Strayer-Haig concept of a
foundation program (minimum program)
-Each local district would levy the amount of local tax that was required in the richest district of the
state to provide a foundation, or minimum, program. The rich district would receive no state funds; the
other districts would receive state funds necessary to provide the foundation program.
4th Development Stage of School Finance - (answer)The period of refinement of the foundation
program concept
-use of flat grants
-question to take money from wealthy districts to equalize
5th Development Stage of School Finance - (answer)"Power" or "open-end" (shared costs) equalization
practices
-20th century
Equalization - (answer)state and local districts began exercising a degree of partnership in establishing
and paying for a basic program of education for every school-age child in the state—at least in theory. In
practice, the link between funding and program quality was questionable.
, WGU D023 SCHOOL FINANCIAL LEADERSHIP 2025 WITH QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
VERIFIED ANSWERS GRADED A+ GUARANTEED 100% PASS
open-ended, or shared-cost, equalization plan - (answer)the percentage of this program to be paid by
each individual district and by the state. This percentage of state funds would be high for poor districts
and low for wealthier ones. Once that determination has been made for each district, the same
partnership ratio would be maintained to pay the total cost of the school program in each district
-Harlan Updegraff
6th Development Stage of School Finance - (answer)The shift of emphasis and influence, and funding for
special need
-economic factors influenced (wars, terrorist attacks, natural disasters, fluctuating prices in energy, had
to rethink budget and safety of schools
7th Development Stage of School Finance - (answer)A focus on adequacy in education finance
-court cases
-sufficient funding is needed to meet state laws, standards, and requirements, and must be
constitutionally enforceable
-CCSS
Foundational funding - (answer)The state provides a minimal level of funding as a guarantee per student
expenditure. The intent of this system is to counteract the disparity of wealth across various districts of
a state.
Common School Era - (answer)Local school districts were formed to support the education of the local
population, many of whom were the children of immigrants. In order to accommodate this influx of
educational need with limited personal resources, local property taxes became mandated to support
public schools.
Early Colonial Schooling - (answer)Funded through tuition or rate changes, primarily as a funding of the
local community or church of that community.
Funding for public schools is directly addressed in which document? - (answer)State Constitution
, WGU D023 SCHOOL FINANCIAL LEADERSHIP 2025 WITH QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
VERIFIED ANSWERS GRADED A+ GUARANTEED 100% PASS
-The funding and operation of public schools is directly addressed in each state's constitution. Access to
education and the quality are different depending upon how the state defines its language. For example,
a "right" to education is different than a "goal" to educate all citizens. A "right" provides grounds for
equity and equality litigation while a "goal" may provide more flexibility in disparity.
What is meant by pupil expenditure? - (answer)The pupil expenditure is the total expense accounted for
by that specific student. For example, this funding amount includes but is not limited to: personnel
expenses (salary, benefits, and other human resource expenses), transportation costs (gas, busses, oil,
personnel), facility expenses (building construction, maintenance, utilities, insurance), and instructional
resources (books, supplies, technology, materials). The amount of this pupil expenditure will vary as the
cost of living changes for the location, but in many states the "foundational per pupil expenditure" is a
guaranteed amount per pupil. In instances where the local funding is insufficient, it is supplemented by
the state.
Financial disparity - (answer)
Financial adequacy - (answer)
Financial productivity - (answer)
Federal Funding - (answer)Federal aid continues to be provided in the form of categorical aid. Yet, it may
be time for a larger federal role in financing schools. The largest and most visible categorical federal
assistance programs are ESEA and IDEA. Also, Raced to the Top has garnered federal aid as a key
initiative in the Obama administration. Federal lands have provided funds for localities in the form of
payments in lieu of taxes.
State Funding - (answer)Equalization aid is the chief method states use to distribute funding to local
school districts within their borders using a foundation program or district power equalization
Local Funding - (answer)property taxes
