DAT
PRACTICE EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS |
ALREADY GRADED A+<RECENT
VERSION>
1. Carotenoids - ANSWER lipid derivatives, produce pigments in plants and animals , An
accessory pigment, either yellow or orange, in the chloroplasts of plants. By absorbing
wavelengths of light that chlorophyll cannot, carotenoids broaden the spectrum of colors
that can drive photosynthesis.
2. Porphyrins - ANSWER lipid derivatives, a group of light-sensitive, pigmented, ringed
chemical structures that are required for the synthesis of hemoglobin. Complexed with
metals usch as iron in hemoglobin and chlorophyll with Mg
3. Can H20 and hydrocarbons pass freely across membrane? - ANSWER yes (small,
uncharged, non-polar, hydrophobic can pass)
4. Porins - ANSWER allow passage of certain ions and small polar molecules such as
aquaporins in kidneys for H20
5. Rough ER - ANSWER protein synthesis, creates glycoproteins for secretion
6. Smooth ER - ANSWER synthesis of hormones, lipids, breakdown of toxins and drugs in
liver
7. cyclosis - ANSWER transport of material in cytoplasm (steaming movement)
,8. Peroxiomes - ANSWER breakdown of H2O2, fatty acids, AA. In liver and kidneys to break
down toxins, by-products of photorespiration in plants
9. Centrioles - ANSWER two tiny structures located in the cytoplasm of animal cells near
the nuclear envelope; play a role in cell division. Are microtubles (MTOCs)
10. Storage vocuoles - ANSWER store starch, pigments, toxic substances (nicotine) in plants
11. Contractile vacuoles - ANSWER in single cell organism, pump excess water out of cell Ex.
fresh water protozoa to prevent bursting
12. Desmosome - ANSWER aka spot welding, support and stability
13. Tight junctions - ANSWER animal cells, seal to prevent passage of materials btwn cell
14. gap junctions - ANSWER narrow tunnels btwn animal cells, only ions exchange
15. plasmodesma - ANSWER barrow channels between plant cells for exchange of materials
16. Bulk flow - ANSWER collective movement of substance (like blood or urine) in same
direction due to force
17. dialysis - ANSWER diffusion of solutes across selective permeable membrane (passive)
18. plasmolysis - ANSWER water of out cell, results in collapse aka shrivel (passive)
19. Total ATP in Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic - ANSWER Eukaryotic = 36 ATP Prokaryotic = 38
ATP
20. Glycolysis - ANSWER 1 glucose + 2 ATP + 4 ADP + 2NAD + 2Pi --> 2 pyruvate + 2ADP + 4
ATP + 2NADH +2H + 2H2O = 2 ATP
,21. Fermination - ANSWER 1 pyruvate + NADH --> (Ethanol + CO2 in Plants) and (Lactic Acid
in animals use for muscle cells) + NAD
22. Pyruvate decarboxylation - ANSWER 2 pyruvate + 2 Coenzyme A + 2 NAD --> 2 Acetyl CoA
+ 2CO2 + 2NADH = - 2 ATP
23. Citric Acid Cycle - ANSWER 2 Acetyl CoA + 6NAD + 2FAD + 2ADP + 2H20 --> 4 CO2 + 6
NADH + 2 FADH2 + 2 ATP = 2 ATP
24. Electron Transport Chain - ANSWER 10 NADH + 2 FADH2 + 34 ADP + 34pi + 10 H + 5O2 ---
> 10 NAD + 2 FAD + 34 ATP + 10H20 = 34 ATP
25. How man ATP per NADH and FADH? - ANSWER 1 NADH = 3 ATP
1 FADH = 2 ATP
26. Where does the H+ accumulate in Mitochondria - ANSWER Between Inner and Outer
membrane/ cross crista (btw inner and outer membrane vs matrix)
27. Cori Cycle - ANSWER liver converts lactic acid lack into glucose when ATP is available
28. Noncyclic Photophosphorylation - ANSWER Photosystem 2
P680
Generates = NADPH, ATP, photolysis of H2O (to get 2 electrons)
29. Cyclic Photophosphorylation - ANSWER Photosystem 1
P700
Generates ATP only
30. Calvin Cycle (Dark Cycle) - ANSWER fixes Co2 (6 cycles)
carboxylation
reduction
regeneration and carbohydrate synthesis
31. Dark reaction takes place in the ? - ANSWER stroma of the chlorplasts
, 32. Light reaciton takes place in the ? - ANSWER chlorophyll of the thylakoid of the
chlorplasts
33. Where does H+ accumulate in chemiosmosis in chloroplasts? - ANSWER inside thylakoids
34. Chromatin - ANSWER uncoiled DNA in Interphase
35. Chromosomes - ANSWER chromatin condense into chromosomes in Prophase of Mitosis
36. Epistasis - ANSWER One gene affects the phenotypic expression for a second gene Ex.
Chad's bald head affects the expression of this red hair
37. Pleiotropy - ANSWER Single gene has more than one phenotypic expression Ex. sick cell
anemia
38. Polygenism - ANSWER many genes afffect single trait Ex. Height, diff heights around the
world for single trait
39. Linked genes - ANSWER on same chromosome, segerates dependently
40. X-inactivation - ANSWER one of the 2 X chromosomes does not uncoil = create barr body
Ex. Calico Cats
41. Aneuploidy - ANSWER extra or missing chromosomes, usually because of nondisjunction
of sex or somatic cells
42. Mutations in somatic cells can lead to ___ while in sex cells can transmit to __ - ANSWER
Mutations in somatic cells can lead to tumor while mutation in sex cells can transmit to
offspring
43. Replication - ANSWER 1. Helicase
2. Single Stranded binding proteins
DNA Pol III
DNA ligase (seals backbone of Okazaki fragments)
PRACTICE EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS |
ALREADY GRADED A+<RECENT
VERSION>
1. Carotenoids - ANSWER lipid derivatives, produce pigments in plants and animals , An
accessory pigment, either yellow or orange, in the chloroplasts of plants. By absorbing
wavelengths of light that chlorophyll cannot, carotenoids broaden the spectrum of colors
that can drive photosynthesis.
2. Porphyrins - ANSWER lipid derivatives, a group of light-sensitive, pigmented, ringed
chemical structures that are required for the synthesis of hemoglobin. Complexed with
metals usch as iron in hemoglobin and chlorophyll with Mg
3. Can H20 and hydrocarbons pass freely across membrane? - ANSWER yes (small,
uncharged, non-polar, hydrophobic can pass)
4. Porins - ANSWER allow passage of certain ions and small polar molecules such as
aquaporins in kidneys for H20
5. Rough ER - ANSWER protein synthesis, creates glycoproteins for secretion
6. Smooth ER - ANSWER synthesis of hormones, lipids, breakdown of toxins and drugs in
liver
7. cyclosis - ANSWER transport of material in cytoplasm (steaming movement)
,8. Peroxiomes - ANSWER breakdown of H2O2, fatty acids, AA. In liver and kidneys to break
down toxins, by-products of photorespiration in plants
9. Centrioles - ANSWER two tiny structures located in the cytoplasm of animal cells near
the nuclear envelope; play a role in cell division. Are microtubles (MTOCs)
10. Storage vocuoles - ANSWER store starch, pigments, toxic substances (nicotine) in plants
11. Contractile vacuoles - ANSWER in single cell organism, pump excess water out of cell Ex.
fresh water protozoa to prevent bursting
12. Desmosome - ANSWER aka spot welding, support and stability
13. Tight junctions - ANSWER animal cells, seal to prevent passage of materials btwn cell
14. gap junctions - ANSWER narrow tunnels btwn animal cells, only ions exchange
15. plasmodesma - ANSWER barrow channels between plant cells for exchange of materials
16. Bulk flow - ANSWER collective movement of substance (like blood or urine) in same
direction due to force
17. dialysis - ANSWER diffusion of solutes across selective permeable membrane (passive)
18. plasmolysis - ANSWER water of out cell, results in collapse aka shrivel (passive)
19. Total ATP in Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic - ANSWER Eukaryotic = 36 ATP Prokaryotic = 38
ATP
20. Glycolysis - ANSWER 1 glucose + 2 ATP + 4 ADP + 2NAD + 2Pi --> 2 pyruvate + 2ADP + 4
ATP + 2NADH +2H + 2H2O = 2 ATP
,21. Fermination - ANSWER 1 pyruvate + NADH --> (Ethanol + CO2 in Plants) and (Lactic Acid
in animals use for muscle cells) + NAD
22. Pyruvate decarboxylation - ANSWER 2 pyruvate + 2 Coenzyme A + 2 NAD --> 2 Acetyl CoA
+ 2CO2 + 2NADH = - 2 ATP
23. Citric Acid Cycle - ANSWER 2 Acetyl CoA + 6NAD + 2FAD + 2ADP + 2H20 --> 4 CO2 + 6
NADH + 2 FADH2 + 2 ATP = 2 ATP
24. Electron Transport Chain - ANSWER 10 NADH + 2 FADH2 + 34 ADP + 34pi + 10 H + 5O2 ---
> 10 NAD + 2 FAD + 34 ATP + 10H20 = 34 ATP
25. How man ATP per NADH and FADH? - ANSWER 1 NADH = 3 ATP
1 FADH = 2 ATP
26. Where does the H+ accumulate in Mitochondria - ANSWER Between Inner and Outer
membrane/ cross crista (btw inner and outer membrane vs matrix)
27. Cori Cycle - ANSWER liver converts lactic acid lack into glucose when ATP is available
28. Noncyclic Photophosphorylation - ANSWER Photosystem 2
P680
Generates = NADPH, ATP, photolysis of H2O (to get 2 electrons)
29. Cyclic Photophosphorylation - ANSWER Photosystem 1
P700
Generates ATP only
30. Calvin Cycle (Dark Cycle) - ANSWER fixes Co2 (6 cycles)
carboxylation
reduction
regeneration and carbohydrate synthesis
31. Dark reaction takes place in the ? - ANSWER stroma of the chlorplasts
, 32. Light reaciton takes place in the ? - ANSWER chlorophyll of the thylakoid of the
chlorplasts
33. Where does H+ accumulate in chemiosmosis in chloroplasts? - ANSWER inside thylakoids
34. Chromatin - ANSWER uncoiled DNA in Interphase
35. Chromosomes - ANSWER chromatin condense into chromosomes in Prophase of Mitosis
36. Epistasis - ANSWER One gene affects the phenotypic expression for a second gene Ex.
Chad's bald head affects the expression of this red hair
37. Pleiotropy - ANSWER Single gene has more than one phenotypic expression Ex. sick cell
anemia
38. Polygenism - ANSWER many genes afffect single trait Ex. Height, diff heights around the
world for single trait
39. Linked genes - ANSWER on same chromosome, segerates dependently
40. X-inactivation - ANSWER one of the 2 X chromosomes does not uncoil = create barr body
Ex. Calico Cats
41. Aneuploidy - ANSWER extra or missing chromosomes, usually because of nondisjunction
of sex or somatic cells
42. Mutations in somatic cells can lead to ___ while in sex cells can transmit to __ - ANSWER
Mutations in somatic cells can lead to tumor while mutation in sex cells can transmit to
offspring
43. Replication - ANSWER 1. Helicase
2. Single Stranded binding proteins
DNA Pol III
DNA ligase (seals backbone of Okazaki fragments)
