NR-226 Ch. 50 Care of Surgical Patients + PreWork 8, Exam II
1. Perioperative nursing describes: the wide variety of nursing functions associated with a patient's
surgical management
2. Preopeperative: before surgery
3. Intraoperative: during surgery
4. Postoperative: after surgery
5. Perioperative Nursing: Includes activities performed by a professional registered nurse (RN) before
(preoperative), during (intraoperative) and after (postoperative) surgery
6. Perioperative Nursing is based on a nurse's understanding of several impor-
tant principles, including:: • High-quality and patient safety-focused care, including a safe environment
of care.
• Evidence-based practices and participation in generation of new knowledge through research.
• Multidisciplinary teamwork.
,• Ettective therapeutic communication and collaboration with a patient, the patient's family, and the surgical team.
• Ettective and eflcient assessment and intervention in all phases of surgery.
• Advocacy for a patient and the patient's family.
• Understanding of cost containment.
7. The various types of surgical procedures are classified according to:: •Serious-
ness
• Urgency
• Purpose
8. Seriousness of a surgery: major and minor
9. Describe Major surgery: Involves extensive reconstruction or alteration in body parts; poses great risks
to well-being
-EX: Coronary artery bypass, colon resection, removal of larynx, resection of lung lobe
10. Describe Minor surgery: Involves minimal alteration in body parts; often designed to correct deformi-
ties; involves minimal risks compared with major procedures
-EX: Cataract extraction, facial plastic surgery, tooth extraction
,11. Describe Elective surgery: Performed on basis of patient's choice; is not essential and is not always
necessary for health
-EX: Bunionectomy, facial plastic surgery; hernia repair; breast reconstruction
12. Describe Urgent surgery: Necessary for patient's health; often prevents development of additional
problems (e.g., tissue destruction or impaired organ function); not necessarily emergency
, -EX: Excision of cancerous tumor; removal of gallbladder for stones; vascular repair for obstructed artery (e.g., coronary
artery bypass)
13. Describe Emergency surgery: Must be done immediately to save life or preserve function of body
part
-EX: Repair of perforated appendix or traumatic amputation; control of internal hemorrhaging
14. Describe Diagnostic surgery: Surgical exploration that allows health care providers to confirm
diagnosis; often involves removal of tissue for further diagnostic testing
-EX: Exploratory laparotomy (incision into peritoneal cavity to inspect abdominal organs); breast mass biopsy
15. Describe Ablative surgery: Excision or removal of diseased body part
-EX: Amputation; removal of appendix or an organ such as gallbladder (cholecystectomy)
16. What type of Surgery is an Amputation?: Ablative surgery
17. Describe Palliative surgery: Relieves or reduces intensity of disease symptoms; does not produce
cure
-EX: Colostomy; debridement of necrotic tissue; resection of nerve roots
18. Describe Reconstructive / Restorative surgery: Restores function or appearance to trauma-
1. Perioperative nursing describes: the wide variety of nursing functions associated with a patient's
surgical management
2. Preopeperative: before surgery
3. Intraoperative: during surgery
4. Postoperative: after surgery
5. Perioperative Nursing: Includes activities performed by a professional registered nurse (RN) before
(preoperative), during (intraoperative) and after (postoperative) surgery
6. Perioperative Nursing is based on a nurse's understanding of several impor-
tant principles, including:: • High-quality and patient safety-focused care, including a safe environment
of care.
• Evidence-based practices and participation in generation of new knowledge through research.
• Multidisciplinary teamwork.
,• Ettective therapeutic communication and collaboration with a patient, the patient's family, and the surgical team.
• Ettective and eflcient assessment and intervention in all phases of surgery.
• Advocacy for a patient and the patient's family.
• Understanding of cost containment.
7. The various types of surgical procedures are classified according to:: •Serious-
ness
• Urgency
• Purpose
8. Seriousness of a surgery: major and minor
9. Describe Major surgery: Involves extensive reconstruction or alteration in body parts; poses great risks
to well-being
-EX: Coronary artery bypass, colon resection, removal of larynx, resection of lung lobe
10. Describe Minor surgery: Involves minimal alteration in body parts; often designed to correct deformi-
ties; involves minimal risks compared with major procedures
-EX: Cataract extraction, facial plastic surgery, tooth extraction
,11. Describe Elective surgery: Performed on basis of patient's choice; is not essential and is not always
necessary for health
-EX: Bunionectomy, facial plastic surgery; hernia repair; breast reconstruction
12. Describe Urgent surgery: Necessary for patient's health; often prevents development of additional
problems (e.g., tissue destruction or impaired organ function); not necessarily emergency
, -EX: Excision of cancerous tumor; removal of gallbladder for stones; vascular repair for obstructed artery (e.g., coronary
artery bypass)
13. Describe Emergency surgery: Must be done immediately to save life or preserve function of body
part
-EX: Repair of perforated appendix or traumatic amputation; control of internal hemorrhaging
14. Describe Diagnostic surgery: Surgical exploration that allows health care providers to confirm
diagnosis; often involves removal of tissue for further diagnostic testing
-EX: Exploratory laparotomy (incision into peritoneal cavity to inspect abdominal organs); breast mass biopsy
15. Describe Ablative surgery: Excision or removal of diseased body part
-EX: Amputation; removal of appendix or an organ such as gallbladder (cholecystectomy)
16. What type of Surgery is an Amputation?: Ablative surgery
17. Describe Palliative surgery: Relieves or reduces intensity of disease symptoms; does not produce
cure
-EX: Colostomy; debridement of necrotic tissue; resection of nerve roots
18. Describe Reconstructive / Restorative surgery: Restores function or appearance to trauma-
