DC Government Final Exam review questions and correct answers with detailed rationales.

Who was involved in Encomienda System? - correct answers Spanish royalty and indigenous people What was the Encomienda System? - correct answers a legal system by which the Spanish royalty attempted to define the status of indigenous people Where did Encomienda System take place? - correct answers Spanish American and Phillipine colonies When was the Encomienda System created? - correct answers in the 1500's after the New World was discovered Why is the Encomienda System significant? - correct answers Because the Spanish government gave Indians to colonists in exchange for the promise to expand in the New World. The system lead to future exploitation of natives and slaves. Who was involved in the Columbian Exchange? - correct answers The New World, Africa, and Europe What is the Columbian Exchange? - correct answers The global transfer of foods, plants, and animals during the colonization of the Americas. Where did the Columbian Exchange take place? - correct answers between the Americas, Africa and the Old World When did the Columbian Exchange happen? - correct answers15th and 16th centuries Why is the Columbian Exchange significant? - correct answers Because it explains why Indian nations collapsed and European colonies thrived after Columbus' arrival in the New World in 1492 Who was involved with Indentured Servitude? - correct answers men and women who signed a contract by which they agreed to work for a certain amount of time for goods What is Indentured Servitude? - correct answers Passage to the new world in exchange for working the land for a period of time Where did indentured servants come from? - correct answers Europe When did Indentured Servitude happen? - correct answers Began in 1607 Why were Indentured Servants significant? - correct answers It allowed Virginia to get workers for Jamestown and eventually led to slavery Who was involved in Puritanism? - correct answers religious reform group made up of Puritans What is Puritanism? - correct answers the beliefs or principles of a group of English Protestants of the late 16th and 17th centuries who regarded the Reformation of the Church under Elizabeth I as incomplete and sought to simplify and regulate forms of worship. Where did Puritanism happen? - correct answers Church of England When did Puritanism take place? - correct answers late 16th century Why was Puritanism significant? - correct answers Puritans influenced the political, economic and social development of the New England colonies from 1630 through the 1660s. Their main purpose of coming to America was to acquire religious freedom Who was involved with Plymouth and the Mayflower Compact? - correct answers sepeartists, adventurers and tradesman that came over on the Mayflower What was the Mayflower Compact? - correct answers document signed by men on the Mayflower, they agreed to work together and make decisions together, led to self-government in the colonies Where did the Mayflower Compact happen? - correct answers Plymouth Rock When was the Mayflower Compact signed? - correct answers November 11, 1620 Why was the Mayflower Compact significant? - correct answers It was the first document to establish self-government in the New World. It remained active until 1691 when Plymouth Colony became part of Massachusetts Bay Colony. What was Jamestown? - correct answers Jamestown became the first permanent English settlement in North America When was Jamestown founded? - correct answers May 14, 1607 Why is Jamestown significant? - correct answers first successful colony set up by Great Britain in the New World. Colonists endured and made Jamestown, Virginia a permanent colony and establishing the foundation for the eventual United States of America that would come in the next century. Who was involved with the Middle Passage? - correct answers Spanish and Porteguese What was the Middle Passage? - correct answers The transatlantic journey that brought slaves to the Americas Where did the Middle Passage take place? - correct answers Countries that took part in the Middle Passage included Portugal, England, France, Spain, the Netherlands, Brandenburg, Sweden, Denmark, Brazil, the Caribbean, North America, and the Americas When did the Middle Passage happen? - correct answers early 1500s Why was the Middle Passage significant? - correct answers Middle Passage was the crossing from Africa to the Americas, which the ships made carrying their 'cargo' of slaves. It was so-called because it was the middle section of the trade route taken by many of the ships. The Middle Passage took the enslaved Africans away from their homeland. What was Bacon's Rebellion? - correct answers Bacon's Rebellion was an armed rebellion in 1676 by Virginia settlers led by Nathaniel Bacon against the rule of Governor William Berkeley. Where did Bacon's Rebellion take place? - correct answers Virginia When did Bacon's Rebellion occur? - correct answers1676 Why is Bacon's Rebellion important? - correct answers-is revealed a bitter rivalry between the east and west -leaders of the colony saw poor whites as a threat -need a workforce that will obey What were the Navigation Acts? - correct answersa series of laws that restricted the use of foreign ships for trade between Britain and its colonies When did the Navigation Acts begin? - correct answers1651 Why were the Navigation Acts important? - correct answerstheir purpose was to regulate the trade of the empire and to enable the mother country to derive a profit from the colonies which had been planted overseas. Who was involved in Salutary Neglect? - correct answersBritish folks, initiated by Prime Minister Robert walpole What was salutary neglect? - correct answersBritish policy of allowing the colonies to handle their own affairs When did Salutary Neglect happen? - correct answersfrom 1696 to 1763 Why was Salutary Neglect significant? - correct answersCaused colonists to neglect British laws and "self-rule" leading to the American Revolution Who was involved in mercantilism? - correct answersprimary countries were of western Europe—France, Spain, Portugal, Italy, and Britain, as well as Germany and the Netherlands. What was mercantilism? - correct answersAn economic philosophy that emphasized only a limited amount of wealth, such as gold and silver, existed in the world. In order to gain power, nations had to amass wealth by mining these precious raw materials from their colonial possessions. When did Mercantilism occur? - correct answers16th to 18th centuries Why was mercantilism significant to Britain? - correct answersEngland set up this system to use the 13 colonies to produce money. The establishment of the colonies was for the sake of having a source of raw materials and also a market of manufactured goods for Britain to cater the demand of exotic goods. Who was involved with enlightenment? - correct answersVoltaire, John Locke, Thomas Hobbes, David Hume, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Adam Smith, Immanuel Kant, Isaac Newton and Thomas Jefferson. What was the Enlightenment? - correct answersa new intellectual movement that stressed reason and thought and the power of individuals to solve problems Where did the Enlightenment take place? - correct answersWestern Europe and Colonial America When was the Enlightenment? - correct answers18th century Why was the Enlightenment important? - correct answersit reduced the power of the church, more faith in the scientific method Who was involved in the French and Indian War? - correct answersFrench and British What was the French and Indian War? - correct answersWar between the French and the British over the Ohio River Valley: Domination of North America and the world Where did the French and Indian War take place? - correct answersOhio River Valley When was the French and Indian War? - correct answers Why was the French and Indian War significant? - correct answers had a great impact on the British Empire. Firstly, it meant a great expansion of British territorial cla