HRPYC81 Project 3
Assignment 4 (FINAL
RESEARCH REPORT
ANSWERS) 2025
(649507)
[Document subtitle]
[School]
[Course title]
, HRPYC81 Project 3 Assignment 4 (FINAL RESEARCH REPORT ANSWERS) 2025 (649507)
Course
Research Report (HRPYC81)
Institution
University Of South Africa (Unisa)
Book
Research Methods and Statistics in Psychology
HRPYC81 Project 3 Assignment 4 (FINAL RESEARCH REPORT ANSWERS) 2025 (649507); 100%
TRUSTED Complete, trusted solutions and explanations
Gender relations are distinct from other intergroup relations because females and males
depend on each other for reproduction and building families (Levy & Friedman, 2019). Families
do not only play a crucial role in shaping individuals but also society as a whole. They provide
emotional, social, and economic support, fostering personal development and contributing to
community stability. Families help individuals navigate life’s challenges, celebrate achievements,
and contribute to the broader social fabric, making them indispensable to personal and societal
development. Although, the social roles of men and women changed over the last 50 years,
these changes are not necessarily reflected in gender stereotype content. For instance, Haines
and colleagues (2016) analysed gender stereotype content from 1983 to 2014 and found, for
the US context, no significant changes in most gender stereotype content as women were still
rated as more communal than men, and men were rated more agentic than women. Likewise,
other meta-analytical research for the Spanish context showed a similar trend that women
continued to be rated as more communal than men, whereas no differences in the agentic
perceptions of men and women were found in 1985 as well as in 2018 (Moya & Moya-Garófano,
2021). This research project will study gender stereotypes from the intergroup perspective
(Turner et al., 1987; Reimer et al., 2020). The intergroup perspective assumes that people
categorise themselves and others into social groups, whereby members of the ingroup are
perceived as having minimal differences (i.e., group homogeneity; see Gaertner et al., 2016;
Tajfel, 2001), while having maximal differences from members of the outgroup (Abrams & Hogg,
2013; Tajfel, 2001). This leads to forming social identities, which increases the emotional
significance of group membership and consequently impacts how stereotypes are formed
(Dovidio & Jones, 2019; Gaertner et al., 2016; Reimer et al., 2020). Gender from a social
category and, thus, intergroup perspective implies that females and males can vary in their self-
categorisation and identification with their gender groups. Some people might not fully
Assignment 4 (FINAL
RESEARCH REPORT
ANSWERS) 2025
(649507)
[Document subtitle]
[School]
[Course title]
, HRPYC81 Project 3 Assignment 4 (FINAL RESEARCH REPORT ANSWERS) 2025 (649507)
Course
Research Report (HRPYC81)
Institution
University Of South Africa (Unisa)
Book
Research Methods and Statistics in Psychology
HRPYC81 Project 3 Assignment 4 (FINAL RESEARCH REPORT ANSWERS) 2025 (649507); 100%
TRUSTED Complete, trusted solutions and explanations
Gender relations are distinct from other intergroup relations because females and males
depend on each other for reproduction and building families (Levy & Friedman, 2019). Families
do not only play a crucial role in shaping individuals but also society as a whole. They provide
emotional, social, and economic support, fostering personal development and contributing to
community stability. Families help individuals navigate life’s challenges, celebrate achievements,
and contribute to the broader social fabric, making them indispensable to personal and societal
development. Although, the social roles of men and women changed over the last 50 years,
these changes are not necessarily reflected in gender stereotype content. For instance, Haines
and colleagues (2016) analysed gender stereotype content from 1983 to 2014 and found, for
the US context, no significant changes in most gender stereotype content as women were still
rated as more communal than men, and men were rated more agentic than women. Likewise,
other meta-analytical research for the Spanish context showed a similar trend that women
continued to be rated as more communal than men, whereas no differences in the agentic
perceptions of men and women were found in 1985 as well as in 2018 (Moya & Moya-Garófano,
2021). This research project will study gender stereotypes from the intergroup perspective
(Turner et al., 1987; Reimer et al., 2020). The intergroup perspective assumes that people
categorise themselves and others into social groups, whereby members of the ingroup are
perceived as having minimal differences (i.e., group homogeneity; see Gaertner et al., 2016;
Tajfel, 2001), while having maximal differences from members of the outgroup (Abrams & Hogg,
2013; Tajfel, 2001). This leads to forming social identities, which increases the emotional
significance of group membership and consequently impacts how stereotypes are formed
(Dovidio & Jones, 2019; Gaertner et al., 2016; Reimer et al., 2020). Gender from a social
category and, thus, intergroup perspective implies that females and males can vary in their self-
categorisation and identification with their gender groups. Some people might not fully
