NREMT COGNITIVE EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
In |trauma |a |low |pulse |pressure |suggests? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Significant |blood |loss
Blood |pressure |has |a |direct |effect |on? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-The |perfusion |of |the |bodys |
tissues
Cells |that |die |during |a |stroke |are |called? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Infarcted |cells
You |are |called |to |a |home |where |a |91 |year |old |man |has |had |a |syncopal |episode |and |is |
vomiting. |The |caregiver |who |called |911 |stated |that |the |patient's |bowel |movements |have |been
|bright |red |since |yesterday. |The |patient |has |not |complained |of |any |pain, |but |is |nauseated. |
What |is |most |likely |wrong |with |this |man |and |which |choice |includes |appropriate |treatment |
steps?
Choices:
A. |He |has |an |upper |GI |bleed |and |should |be |transported |sitting |up |with |high |flow |O2 |
administered |via |a |non |rebreather |mask |at |15 |LPM.
B. |He |has |had |a |TIA |and |should |be |given |high |flow |oxygen |via |NRB |and |transported |on |his |
effected |side |to |the |nearest |hospital.
C. |He |has |pancreatitis |and |should |be |given |high |flow |O2 |via |NRB |at |15 |LPM. |Rapid |transport |in
|a |left |lateral |recumbent |position |while |keeping |him |warm |will |help |avoid |shock.
D. |He |has |a |lower |GI |bleed |and |should |be |given |O2 |via |nasal |cannula |at |4LPM |and |transported
|in |a |position |of |comfort |while |t |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-D. |He |has |a |lower |GI |bleed |and |
,should |be |given |O2 |via |nasal |cannula |at |4LPM |and |transported |in |a |position |of |comfort |while |
treating |for |shock
Rationale: |The |bright |red |blood |in |the |bowel |movements |is |indicative |of |a |lower |GI |bleed. |
Answer |1,2, |and |3 |all |utilize |an |NRB |to |deliver |high |flow |O2. |Given |that |the |patient |is |vomiting
|and |nauseated, |it |would |be |advisable |to |use |a |nasal |cannula, |rather |than |an |NRB, |to |help |
avoid |potential |airway |compromise |if |the |patient |continues |to |vomit.
If |a |patient |was |feeling |nauseated |this |would |likely |be |a_______________response. |If |a |
person |was |tachycardic |it |would |likely |be |a___________________ |response. |- |CORRECT |
ANSWER✔✔-Parasympathetic/Sympathetic
You |are |assessing |an |84 |year |old |man. |Upon |auscultation |of |the |lungs |you |discover |crackles |or
|rale |sounds. |He |is |complaining |of |chest |pain |and |congestion. |These |signs |and |symptoms |can |
indicate?
Choices:
A. |An |embolism
B. |Collapse |of |the |vena |cava
C. |Left |ventricular |failure
D. |Right |ventricular |failure |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-C. |Left |ventricle |failure
Rationale: |These |are |signs |and |symptoms |of |a |possible |failure |of |the |left |ventricle. |The |pump |
portion |of |the |heart |is |unable |to |pump |efficiently |and |fluid |begins |to |back |up |into |the |lungs.
A |child |between |3-5 |would |have |normal |vitals |if |they |were?
,Choices:
A. |35 |breaths |a |minute, |pulse |of |88, |and |Systolic |BP |of |100
B. |24 |breaths |a |minute, |pulse |of |76, |and |Systolic |BP |of |98
C. |20 |breaths |a |minute, |pulse |of |100, |and |Systolic |BP |of |110
D. |20 |breaths |a |minute, |pulse |of |120, |and |Systolic |BP |of |120 |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-20 |
breaths |a |minute, |pulse |of |100, |and |Systolic |BP |of |110
Rationale: |A |child |between |3 |and |5 |(preschool-age) |should |have |respirations |between |20-30, |a
|pulse |of |80-120, |and |a |systolic |BP |of |80 |- |110.
(Toddler |12 |to |36 |months)
The |pediatric |assessment |triangle |is |composed |of |three |elements:
Choices:
A. |Muscle |Tone, |Respiratory |depth |and |rate, |Perfusion
B. |Circulation, |Appearance, |Work |of |Breathing
C. |Level |of |Consciousness, |Quality |of |Respirations, |General |Appearance
D. |Blood |pressure, |Pulse |rate, |Respiratory |Rate |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-B. |Circulation, |
Appearance, |Work |of |Breathing
, Rationale: |PAT |is |Work |of |Breathing, |Skin |Circulation, |Appearance. |The |pediatric |assessment |
triangle |is |used |to |form |a |rapid |general |impression |of |a |child |without |making |physical |contact.
|Look |at |the |child's |appearance |and |muscle |tone. |Look |at |the |work |of |breathing |for |signs |of |
respiratory |distress. |Tachypnea |or |retractions |of |sternum |and |or |intercostal |muscles |is |a |sign |
of |respiratory |difficulty. |Look |at |the |skin |as |a |quick |reference |for |circulation. |Pallor |can |be |a |
sign |of |poor |circulation.
The |patient |is |a |6 |year |old |girl |whose |mother |says |has |been |sick |for |a |few |days |and |then |
started |having |breathing |problems |this |morning. |Upon |assessment, |you |notice |the |child |is |
flaring |her |nostrils |and |has |a |hoarse |voice |when |talking. |What |is |she |most |likely |suffering |from
|and |what |should |you |do?
Choices:
A. |She |could |have |croup |and |needs |to |be |transported |with |a |nasal |cannula |at |4 |lpm
B. |She |could |have |tonsillitis |and |will |require |transport |to |the |hospital |in |a |position |of |comfort
C. |She |could |have |SARS |and |should |be |transported |wearing |a |HEPA |mask
D. |She |could |have |epiglottitis |and |needs |to |be |transported |with |high |flow |O2 |on |an |NRB |- |
CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-D. |She |could |have |epiglottitis |and |needs |to |be |transported |with |high |
flow |O2 |on |an |NRB
Rationale: |Epiglottitis |is |known |to |strike |children |in |this |age |group. |Croup |is |usually |in |younger |
children. |Transporting |with |airway |support |is |the |best |answer.
What |is |pulse |pressure? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-The |difference |between |the |systolic |and |
diastolic |measurements |of |the |blood |pressure
A |57 |year |old |woman |is |complaining |of |chest |pain. |Her |blood |pressure |is |109/88 |and |her |
respirations |are |at |22 |per |minute. |What |condition |does |the |patient's |blood |pressure |indicate?
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
In |trauma |a |low |pulse |pressure |suggests? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Significant |blood |loss
Blood |pressure |has |a |direct |effect |on? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-The |perfusion |of |the |bodys |
tissues
Cells |that |die |during |a |stroke |are |called? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Infarcted |cells
You |are |called |to |a |home |where |a |91 |year |old |man |has |had |a |syncopal |episode |and |is |
vomiting. |The |caregiver |who |called |911 |stated |that |the |patient's |bowel |movements |have |been
|bright |red |since |yesterday. |The |patient |has |not |complained |of |any |pain, |but |is |nauseated. |
What |is |most |likely |wrong |with |this |man |and |which |choice |includes |appropriate |treatment |
steps?
Choices:
A. |He |has |an |upper |GI |bleed |and |should |be |transported |sitting |up |with |high |flow |O2 |
administered |via |a |non |rebreather |mask |at |15 |LPM.
B. |He |has |had |a |TIA |and |should |be |given |high |flow |oxygen |via |NRB |and |transported |on |his |
effected |side |to |the |nearest |hospital.
C. |He |has |pancreatitis |and |should |be |given |high |flow |O2 |via |NRB |at |15 |LPM. |Rapid |transport |in
|a |left |lateral |recumbent |position |while |keeping |him |warm |will |help |avoid |shock.
D. |He |has |a |lower |GI |bleed |and |should |be |given |O2 |via |nasal |cannula |at |4LPM |and |transported
|in |a |position |of |comfort |while |t |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-D. |He |has |a |lower |GI |bleed |and |
,should |be |given |O2 |via |nasal |cannula |at |4LPM |and |transported |in |a |position |of |comfort |while |
treating |for |shock
Rationale: |The |bright |red |blood |in |the |bowel |movements |is |indicative |of |a |lower |GI |bleed. |
Answer |1,2, |and |3 |all |utilize |an |NRB |to |deliver |high |flow |O2. |Given |that |the |patient |is |vomiting
|and |nauseated, |it |would |be |advisable |to |use |a |nasal |cannula, |rather |than |an |NRB, |to |help |
avoid |potential |airway |compromise |if |the |patient |continues |to |vomit.
If |a |patient |was |feeling |nauseated |this |would |likely |be |a_______________response. |If |a |
person |was |tachycardic |it |would |likely |be |a___________________ |response. |- |CORRECT |
ANSWER✔✔-Parasympathetic/Sympathetic
You |are |assessing |an |84 |year |old |man. |Upon |auscultation |of |the |lungs |you |discover |crackles |or
|rale |sounds. |He |is |complaining |of |chest |pain |and |congestion. |These |signs |and |symptoms |can |
indicate?
Choices:
A. |An |embolism
B. |Collapse |of |the |vena |cava
C. |Left |ventricular |failure
D. |Right |ventricular |failure |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-C. |Left |ventricle |failure
Rationale: |These |are |signs |and |symptoms |of |a |possible |failure |of |the |left |ventricle. |The |pump |
portion |of |the |heart |is |unable |to |pump |efficiently |and |fluid |begins |to |back |up |into |the |lungs.
A |child |between |3-5 |would |have |normal |vitals |if |they |were?
,Choices:
A. |35 |breaths |a |minute, |pulse |of |88, |and |Systolic |BP |of |100
B. |24 |breaths |a |minute, |pulse |of |76, |and |Systolic |BP |of |98
C. |20 |breaths |a |minute, |pulse |of |100, |and |Systolic |BP |of |110
D. |20 |breaths |a |minute, |pulse |of |120, |and |Systolic |BP |of |120 |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-20 |
breaths |a |minute, |pulse |of |100, |and |Systolic |BP |of |110
Rationale: |A |child |between |3 |and |5 |(preschool-age) |should |have |respirations |between |20-30, |a
|pulse |of |80-120, |and |a |systolic |BP |of |80 |- |110.
(Toddler |12 |to |36 |months)
The |pediatric |assessment |triangle |is |composed |of |three |elements:
Choices:
A. |Muscle |Tone, |Respiratory |depth |and |rate, |Perfusion
B. |Circulation, |Appearance, |Work |of |Breathing
C. |Level |of |Consciousness, |Quality |of |Respirations, |General |Appearance
D. |Blood |pressure, |Pulse |rate, |Respiratory |Rate |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-B. |Circulation, |
Appearance, |Work |of |Breathing
, Rationale: |PAT |is |Work |of |Breathing, |Skin |Circulation, |Appearance. |The |pediatric |assessment |
triangle |is |used |to |form |a |rapid |general |impression |of |a |child |without |making |physical |contact.
|Look |at |the |child's |appearance |and |muscle |tone. |Look |at |the |work |of |breathing |for |signs |of |
respiratory |distress. |Tachypnea |or |retractions |of |sternum |and |or |intercostal |muscles |is |a |sign |
of |respiratory |difficulty. |Look |at |the |skin |as |a |quick |reference |for |circulation. |Pallor |can |be |a |
sign |of |poor |circulation.
The |patient |is |a |6 |year |old |girl |whose |mother |says |has |been |sick |for |a |few |days |and |then |
started |having |breathing |problems |this |morning. |Upon |assessment, |you |notice |the |child |is |
flaring |her |nostrils |and |has |a |hoarse |voice |when |talking. |What |is |she |most |likely |suffering |from
|and |what |should |you |do?
Choices:
A. |She |could |have |croup |and |needs |to |be |transported |with |a |nasal |cannula |at |4 |lpm
B. |She |could |have |tonsillitis |and |will |require |transport |to |the |hospital |in |a |position |of |comfort
C. |She |could |have |SARS |and |should |be |transported |wearing |a |HEPA |mask
D. |She |could |have |epiglottitis |and |needs |to |be |transported |with |high |flow |O2 |on |an |NRB |- |
CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-D. |She |could |have |epiglottitis |and |needs |to |be |transported |with |high |
flow |O2 |on |an |NRB
Rationale: |Epiglottitis |is |known |to |strike |children |in |this |age |group. |Croup |is |usually |in |younger |
children. |Transporting |with |airway |support |is |the |best |answer.
What |is |pulse |pressure? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-The |difference |between |the |systolic |and |
diastolic |measurements |of |the |blood |pressure
A |57 |year |old |woman |is |complaining |of |chest |pain. |Her |blood |pressure |is |109/88 |and |her |
respirations |are |at |22 |per |minute. |What |condition |does |the |patient's |blood |pressure |indicate?
