1|Page
BIOS252 / BIOS 252 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY II WITH LAB
(LATEST 2026) – 120 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS &
RATIONALES,100% CORRECT ALREADY GRADED A+
Question 1
The human heart is divided into four chambers that receive and pump blood.
Which chamber specifically receives deoxygenated blood returning from the
systemic circulation?
A. Left atrium
B. Left ventricle
C. Right atrium
D. Right ventricle
Answer: C. Right atrium
Rationale: The right atrium receives venous blood from the superior and
inferior vena cava. It then sends this deoxygenated blood to the right
ventricle, which pumps it to the lungs for oxygenation.
Question 2
Blood flow between the lungs and the heart is vital for oxygen exchange.
Which vessel uniquely carries oxygenated blood from the lungs back into
the heart for systemic circulation?
A. Pulmonary artery
B. Superior vena cava
,2|Page
C. Inferior vena cava
D. Pulmonary veins
Answer: D. Pulmonary veins
Rationale: Unlike most veins that carry deoxygenated blood, the pulmonary
veins transport oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the left atrium for
distribution.
Question 3
An electrocardiogram (ECG) is used to assess cardiac electrical activity.
Which part of the ECG represents rapid ventricular depolarization that
triggers contraction?
A. P wave
B. T wave
C. QRS complex
D. PR interval
Answer: C. QRS complex
Rationale: The QRS complex corresponds to ventricular depolarization,
which initiates ventricular systole, the forceful pumping of blood into
systemic and pulmonary circulation.
Question 4
The digestive system breaks down food for absorption and nutrient use.
Which part of the gastrointestinal tract is the primary site for nutrient
absorption into the bloodstream?
A. Stomach
,3|Page
B. Small intestine
C. Large intestine
D. Esophagus
Answer: B. Small intestine
Rationale: The small intestine, particularly the jejunum, contains villi and
microvilli that increase surface area for maximum absorption of
carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals.
Question 5
The adrenal glands secrete important hormones that regulate stress and
metabolism. Which hormone is secreted specifically by the adrenal medulla
to enhance the fight-or-flight response?
A. Cortisol
B. Aldosterone
C. Epinephrine
D. Testosterone
Answer: C. Epinephrine
Rationale: Epinephrine increases heart rate, blood pressure, and glucose
availability during acute stress, preparing the body for immediate action.
Question 6
Valves in the heart ensure one-way blood flow. Which valve prevents blood
from flowing back into the left atrium during ventricular contraction?
A. Pulmonic valve
B. Aortic valve
, 4|Page
C. Tricuspid valve
D. Bicuspid (mitral) valve
Answer: D. Bicuspid (mitral) valve
Rationale: The mitral valve separates the left atrium from the left ventricle,
closing during systole to prevent regurgitation of blood.
Question 7
Urine formation involves filtration, reabsorption, and secretion. Which
nephron structure is the primary site for blood plasma filtration?
A. Loop of Henle
B. Distal convoluted tubule
C. Glomerulus
D. Collecting duct
Answer: C. Glomerulus
Rationale: The glomerulus is a capillary network that filters plasma into the
Bowman’s capsule, initiating the process of urine production.
Question 8
Hormonal regulation of kidney function is essential for water balance.
Which part of the nephron reabsorbs water under the influence of
antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?
A. Proximal convoluted tubule
B. Loop of Henle
C. Distal convoluted tubule
D. Collecting duct
BIOS252 / BIOS 252 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY II WITH LAB
(LATEST 2026) – 120 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS &
RATIONALES,100% CORRECT ALREADY GRADED A+
Question 1
The human heart is divided into four chambers that receive and pump blood.
Which chamber specifically receives deoxygenated blood returning from the
systemic circulation?
A. Left atrium
B. Left ventricle
C. Right atrium
D. Right ventricle
Answer: C. Right atrium
Rationale: The right atrium receives venous blood from the superior and
inferior vena cava. It then sends this deoxygenated blood to the right
ventricle, which pumps it to the lungs for oxygenation.
Question 2
Blood flow between the lungs and the heart is vital for oxygen exchange.
Which vessel uniquely carries oxygenated blood from the lungs back into
the heart for systemic circulation?
A. Pulmonary artery
B. Superior vena cava
,2|Page
C. Inferior vena cava
D. Pulmonary veins
Answer: D. Pulmonary veins
Rationale: Unlike most veins that carry deoxygenated blood, the pulmonary
veins transport oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the left atrium for
distribution.
Question 3
An electrocardiogram (ECG) is used to assess cardiac electrical activity.
Which part of the ECG represents rapid ventricular depolarization that
triggers contraction?
A. P wave
B. T wave
C. QRS complex
D. PR interval
Answer: C. QRS complex
Rationale: The QRS complex corresponds to ventricular depolarization,
which initiates ventricular systole, the forceful pumping of blood into
systemic and pulmonary circulation.
Question 4
The digestive system breaks down food for absorption and nutrient use.
Which part of the gastrointestinal tract is the primary site for nutrient
absorption into the bloodstream?
A. Stomach
,3|Page
B. Small intestine
C. Large intestine
D. Esophagus
Answer: B. Small intestine
Rationale: The small intestine, particularly the jejunum, contains villi and
microvilli that increase surface area for maximum absorption of
carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals.
Question 5
The adrenal glands secrete important hormones that regulate stress and
metabolism. Which hormone is secreted specifically by the adrenal medulla
to enhance the fight-or-flight response?
A. Cortisol
B. Aldosterone
C. Epinephrine
D. Testosterone
Answer: C. Epinephrine
Rationale: Epinephrine increases heart rate, blood pressure, and glucose
availability during acute stress, preparing the body for immediate action.
Question 6
Valves in the heart ensure one-way blood flow. Which valve prevents blood
from flowing back into the left atrium during ventricular contraction?
A. Pulmonic valve
B. Aortic valve
, 4|Page
C. Tricuspid valve
D. Bicuspid (mitral) valve
Answer: D. Bicuspid (mitral) valve
Rationale: The mitral valve separates the left atrium from the left ventricle,
closing during systole to prevent regurgitation of blood.
Question 7
Urine formation involves filtration, reabsorption, and secretion. Which
nephron structure is the primary site for blood plasma filtration?
A. Loop of Henle
B. Distal convoluted tubule
C. Glomerulus
D. Collecting duct
Answer: C. Glomerulus
Rationale: The glomerulus is a capillary network that filters plasma into the
Bowman’s capsule, initiating the process of urine production.
Question 8
Hormonal regulation of kidney function is essential for water balance.
Which part of the nephron reabsorbs water under the influence of
antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?
A. Proximal convoluted tubule
B. Loop of Henle
C. Distal convoluted tubule
D. Collecting duct
