NSG 532 Endocrine Exam with verified detailed
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solutions
gland - correct answer✔✔organ that synthesizes a substance for release either 1) into the
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bloodstream; 2) into body cavities and body outer surface ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\||
endocrine - correct answer✔✔gland that releases into the bloodstream
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exocrine - correct answer✔✔gland that releases into body cavities and body outer surface
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main glands - correct answer✔✔critically important glands that are made up of endocrine
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and nervous tissues
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main glands - correct answer✔✔hypothalamus, pituitary, pineal
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secondary glands - correct answer✔✔produce terminal hormone and has response on
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targets
secondary glands - correct answer✔✔thyroid, parathyroids, thymus, adrenals, pancreas,
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ovaries, testis ||//\\||
heart accessory endocrinocytes - correct answer✔✔atrial natriuretic peptide
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stomach accessory endocrinocytes - correct answer✔✔gastrin; ghrelin
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, small intestine accessory endocrinocytes - correct answer✔✔secretin; cholecystokinin;
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glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide ||//\\|| ||//\\||
kidney accessory endocrinocytes - correct answer✔✔calcitriol; erythropoitein
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placenta accessory endocrinocytes - correct answer✔✔human chorionic gonadotropin
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adipocytes endocrinocytes - correct answer✔✔leptin; adiponectin; resistin ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\||
neuroendocrine cells - correct answer✔✔1) relay information between the NS and the ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\||
endocrine system ||//\\||
2) receive neuronal input from the ANS and release hormones to the blood
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3) major center of neuroendocrine integration are the hypothalamus and pituitary gland
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three classes of hormones - correct answer✔✔-peptide/protein hormones
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-amine hormones ||//\\||
-steroid hormones ||//\\||
peptide/protein hormones - correct answer✔✔hydrophilic (lipophobic) ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\||
amine hormones - correct answer✔✔hydrophilic or hydrophobic (lipophobic or lipophilic)
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steroid hormones - correct answer✔✔hydrophobic (lipophilic)
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peptide/protein hormones characteristics - correct answer✔✔-are synthesized as ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\||
prohormones in RER and requiring further cleavage to activate ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\||
-are stored in secretory vesicles
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solutions
gland - correct answer✔✔organ that synthesizes a substance for release either 1) into the
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bloodstream; 2) into body cavities and body outer surface ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\||
endocrine - correct answer✔✔gland that releases into the bloodstream
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exocrine - correct answer✔✔gland that releases into body cavities and body outer surface
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main glands - correct answer✔✔critically important glands that are made up of endocrine
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and nervous tissues
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main glands - correct answer✔✔hypothalamus, pituitary, pineal
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secondary glands - correct answer✔✔produce terminal hormone and has response on
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targets
secondary glands - correct answer✔✔thyroid, parathyroids, thymus, adrenals, pancreas,
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ovaries, testis ||//\\||
heart accessory endocrinocytes - correct answer✔✔atrial natriuretic peptide
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stomach accessory endocrinocytes - correct answer✔✔gastrin; ghrelin
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, small intestine accessory endocrinocytes - correct answer✔✔secretin; cholecystokinin;
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glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide ||//\\|| ||//\\||
kidney accessory endocrinocytes - correct answer✔✔calcitriol; erythropoitein
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placenta accessory endocrinocytes - correct answer✔✔human chorionic gonadotropin
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adipocytes endocrinocytes - correct answer✔✔leptin; adiponectin; resistin ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\||
neuroendocrine cells - correct answer✔✔1) relay information between the NS and the ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\||
endocrine system ||//\\||
2) receive neuronal input from the ANS and release hormones to the blood
||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\||
3) major center of neuroendocrine integration are the hypothalamus and pituitary gland
||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\||
three classes of hormones - correct answer✔✔-peptide/protein hormones
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-amine hormones ||//\\||
-steroid hormones ||//\\||
peptide/protein hormones - correct answer✔✔hydrophilic (lipophobic) ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\||
amine hormones - correct answer✔✔hydrophilic or hydrophobic (lipophobic or lipophilic)
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steroid hormones - correct answer✔✔hydrophobic (lipophilic)
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peptide/protein hormones characteristics - correct answer✔✔-are synthesized as ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\||
prohormones in RER and requiring further cleavage to activate ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\|| ||//\\||
-are stored in secretory vesicles
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