HRPYC81
Assignment 8
Project 2 Research Report
Unique No: 871594
Year 2025
,HRPYC81
Assignment 8: 871594
Project 2 Research Report
Year 2025
Research Report
The Influence of Time Perspective on Life Satisfaction and Risky Behaviour in
South African Students
Contents
ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................................... 4
1. INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................... 5
2. LITERATURE REVIEW ............................................................................................... 7
2.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................ 7
2.2 Conceptualising Time Perspective ......................................................................... 7
2.2.1 Defining Time Perspective............................................................................... 7
2.2.2 Theoretical Models .......................................................................................... 8
2.3 Time Perspective and Psychological Outcomes .................................................... 8
2.3.1 Time Perspective and Mental Health ............................................................... 8
2.3.2 Mechanisms Linking Time Perspective to Mental Health ................................ 9
2.4 Time Perspective and Risky Behaviour ................................................................. 9
2.4.1 Empirical Relationships ................................................................................... 9
2.4.2 Underlying Cognitive Processes ..................................................................... 9
, 2.5 Consistency and Gaps in the Literature ............................................................... 10
2.6 The South African Context ................................................................................... 10
2.6.1 Cultural and Historical Factors ...................................................................... 10
2.6.2 Relevance for Mental Health and Risk Prevention ........................................ 10
2.7 Research Hypotheses ......................................................................................... 11
3. RESEARCH METHOD .............................................................................................. 12
4. ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS .................................................................................. 13
5. PARTICIPANTS ......................................................................................................... 14
6. PROCEDURE ........................................................................................................... 15
7. MEASUREMENTS .................................................................................................... 16
7.1 Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI) ...................................................... 16
7.2 Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) .................................................................... 16
7.3 Risky, Impulsive, and Self-Destructive Behaviour Questionnaire (RISQ) ............ 16
8. DATA ANALYSIS ....................................................................................................... 18
9. RESULTS .................................................................................................................. 19
9.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................... 19
9.2 Preliminary Analysis ............................................................................................. 19
9.3 Main Analysis ....................................................................................................... 19
9.3.1 Hypothesis 1 ................................................................................................. 19
9.3.2 Hypothesis 2 ................................................................................................. 20
9.4 Summary of Findings ........................................................................................... 20
10. DISCUSSION .......................................................................................................... 21
10.1 Support of Original Hypotheses ......................................................................... 21
10.2 Similarity of Results with Previous Research ..................................................... 21
Assignment 8
Project 2 Research Report
Unique No: 871594
Year 2025
,HRPYC81
Assignment 8: 871594
Project 2 Research Report
Year 2025
Research Report
The Influence of Time Perspective on Life Satisfaction and Risky Behaviour in
South African Students
Contents
ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................................... 4
1. INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................... 5
2. LITERATURE REVIEW ............................................................................................... 7
2.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................ 7
2.2 Conceptualising Time Perspective ......................................................................... 7
2.2.1 Defining Time Perspective............................................................................... 7
2.2.2 Theoretical Models .......................................................................................... 8
2.3 Time Perspective and Psychological Outcomes .................................................... 8
2.3.1 Time Perspective and Mental Health ............................................................... 8
2.3.2 Mechanisms Linking Time Perspective to Mental Health ................................ 9
2.4 Time Perspective and Risky Behaviour ................................................................. 9
2.4.1 Empirical Relationships ................................................................................... 9
2.4.2 Underlying Cognitive Processes ..................................................................... 9
, 2.5 Consistency and Gaps in the Literature ............................................................... 10
2.6 The South African Context ................................................................................... 10
2.6.1 Cultural and Historical Factors ...................................................................... 10
2.6.2 Relevance for Mental Health and Risk Prevention ........................................ 10
2.7 Research Hypotheses ......................................................................................... 11
3. RESEARCH METHOD .............................................................................................. 12
4. ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS .................................................................................. 13
5. PARTICIPANTS ......................................................................................................... 14
6. PROCEDURE ........................................................................................................... 15
7. MEASUREMENTS .................................................................................................... 16
7.1 Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI) ...................................................... 16
7.2 Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) .................................................................... 16
7.3 Risky, Impulsive, and Self-Destructive Behaviour Questionnaire (RISQ) ............ 16
8. DATA ANALYSIS ....................................................................................................... 18
9. RESULTS .................................................................................................................. 19
9.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................... 19
9.2 Preliminary Analysis ............................................................................................. 19
9.3 Main Analysis ....................................................................................................... 19
9.3.1 Hypothesis 1 ................................................................................................. 19
9.3.2 Hypothesis 2 ................................................................................................. 20
9.4 Summary of Findings ........................................................................................... 20
10. DISCUSSION .......................................................................................................... 21
10.1 Support of Original Hypotheses ......................................................................... 21
10.2 Similarity of Results with Previous Research ..................................................... 21
