A 55 year old man with emphysema (lung dz) who has smoked 2 packs of
cigs per day for 40 years is hospitalized for acute onset cough with bloody
sputum. After a few days of testing and treatment, the patient's nurse read a
physician's note on the chat: "I have told the pt the etiologies of his
presenting problem are: 1) exacerbation of his chronic emphysema and 2)
the new diagnosis of lung cancer. The onset of both was contributed to by his
longstanding smoking". The patient asks the nurse for more information
about his illness. Which explanation, by the nurse, indicates a full
understanding of the pt situation?
" The coughing up of blood is caused by a worsening of a dz you've had for a
long time plus a new prolbem -- lung cancer."
A 55 year old man with emphysema (lung dz) who has smoked 2 packs of
cigs per day for 40 years is hospitalized for acute onset cough with bloody
sputum. After a few days of testing and treatment, the patient's nurse read a
physician's note on the chat: "I have told the pt the etiologies of his
presenting problem are: 1) exacerbation of his chronic emphysema and 2)
the new diagnosis of lung cancer. The onset of both was contributed to by his
longstanding smoking". The patient asks the nurse for more information
about his illness. Based on the information you have on the pt, which
statement is most likely correct?
Heavy cigarette smoking was a risk factor in the pt developing emphysema
and lung cancer.
A man presents to an ER with a large laceration sustained at a construction
site 3 days before. The area around the laceration is erythematous, painful,
and swollen. The erythema and swelling can be explained at a cellular level
by all the following EXCEPT:
a) Mast cell degranulation and release of histamine.
b) Pro-inflammatory prostaglandins released.
,c) Increased vasomotor tone (vasoconstriction) of the capillaries in the area.
d) Local reaction to acute phase reactants.
c) Increased vasomotor tone (vasoconstriction) of the capillaries in the area.
A man presents to an ER with a large laceration sustained at a construction
site 3 days before. He is given a TIG (tetanus immunoglobulin) injection. He
doesn't remember ever having a tetanus vaccination. The purpose of the TIG
is to:
a) Prevent any tetanus bacteria from activating the inflammatory system.
b) Introduce tetanus bacteria so that the immunocyte system can create
antibodies to tetanus.
c) Give the patient natural active acquired immunity.
d) Provide tetanus antibodies to fight any tetanus bacteria that might be
present.
d) Provide tetanus antibodies to fight any tetanus bacteria that might be
present.
A man presents to an ER with a large laceration sustained at a construction
site 3 days before. He is given a TIG (tetanus immunoglobulin) injection. He
doesn't remember ever having a tetanus vaccination. The patient ______
(should or should not) also get a tetanus vaccination, because_____.
a) Should: he needs protection against future tetanus exposure.
b) Should: the vaccination will provide additional passive immunity.
, c) Should not: the TIG is enough, as it will provide long term active acquired
immunity
d) Should not: the vaccine will do nothing for the current exposure.
a) Should: he needs protection against future tetanus exposure.
A microbe invades the body for the first time. Which statement is most likely
true about the processes that follow?
a) Plasma cells (a type of B-lymphocyte) will immediately secrete T-cells
specific to that microbe.
b) CD4 cells will introduce remnants of the microbe to the plasma cells,
which directly phagocytize the remnants.
c) Antigens will be created from the memory cells of immunocytes.
d) Immunocytes will begin the process of developing memory to that
microbe.
d) Immunocytes will begin the process of developing memory to that
microbe.
A patient has a systemic inflammation. Which response is unlikely associated
with his condition?
a) Increased acute phase reactants.
b) Lab results showing a high C-reactive protein (CRP).
c) Lab results showing leukopenia.
cigs per day for 40 years is hospitalized for acute onset cough with bloody
sputum. After a few days of testing and treatment, the patient's nurse read a
physician's note on the chat: "I have told the pt the etiologies of his
presenting problem are: 1) exacerbation of his chronic emphysema and 2)
the new diagnosis of lung cancer. The onset of both was contributed to by his
longstanding smoking". The patient asks the nurse for more information
about his illness. Which explanation, by the nurse, indicates a full
understanding of the pt situation?
" The coughing up of blood is caused by a worsening of a dz you've had for a
long time plus a new prolbem -- lung cancer."
A 55 year old man with emphysema (lung dz) who has smoked 2 packs of
cigs per day for 40 years is hospitalized for acute onset cough with bloody
sputum. After a few days of testing and treatment, the patient's nurse read a
physician's note on the chat: "I have told the pt the etiologies of his
presenting problem are: 1) exacerbation of his chronic emphysema and 2)
the new diagnosis of lung cancer. The onset of both was contributed to by his
longstanding smoking". The patient asks the nurse for more information
about his illness. Based on the information you have on the pt, which
statement is most likely correct?
Heavy cigarette smoking was a risk factor in the pt developing emphysema
and lung cancer.
A man presents to an ER with a large laceration sustained at a construction
site 3 days before. The area around the laceration is erythematous, painful,
and swollen. The erythema and swelling can be explained at a cellular level
by all the following EXCEPT:
a) Mast cell degranulation and release of histamine.
b) Pro-inflammatory prostaglandins released.
,c) Increased vasomotor tone (vasoconstriction) of the capillaries in the area.
d) Local reaction to acute phase reactants.
c) Increased vasomotor tone (vasoconstriction) of the capillaries in the area.
A man presents to an ER with a large laceration sustained at a construction
site 3 days before. He is given a TIG (tetanus immunoglobulin) injection. He
doesn't remember ever having a tetanus vaccination. The purpose of the TIG
is to:
a) Prevent any tetanus bacteria from activating the inflammatory system.
b) Introduce tetanus bacteria so that the immunocyte system can create
antibodies to tetanus.
c) Give the patient natural active acquired immunity.
d) Provide tetanus antibodies to fight any tetanus bacteria that might be
present.
d) Provide tetanus antibodies to fight any tetanus bacteria that might be
present.
A man presents to an ER with a large laceration sustained at a construction
site 3 days before. He is given a TIG (tetanus immunoglobulin) injection. He
doesn't remember ever having a tetanus vaccination. The patient ______
(should or should not) also get a tetanus vaccination, because_____.
a) Should: he needs protection against future tetanus exposure.
b) Should: the vaccination will provide additional passive immunity.
, c) Should not: the TIG is enough, as it will provide long term active acquired
immunity
d) Should not: the vaccine will do nothing for the current exposure.
a) Should: he needs protection against future tetanus exposure.
A microbe invades the body for the first time. Which statement is most likely
true about the processes that follow?
a) Plasma cells (a type of B-lymphocyte) will immediately secrete T-cells
specific to that microbe.
b) CD4 cells will introduce remnants of the microbe to the plasma cells,
which directly phagocytize the remnants.
c) Antigens will be created from the memory cells of immunocytes.
d) Immunocytes will begin the process of developing memory to that
microbe.
d) Immunocytes will begin the process of developing memory to that
microbe.
A patient has a systemic inflammation. Which response is unlikely associated
with his condition?
a) Increased acute phase reactants.
b) Lab results showing a high C-reactive protein (CRP).
c) Lab results showing leukopenia.
