CS 6250 Computer Networks Exam 1 Questions and
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What are advantages and disadvantages of a layered architecture? - answer...Each protocol layer
offers different services.
Layered Architecture - answer...Each protocol layer offers different services.
Layered Architecture Advantages - answer...- Scalability,
- Flexibility
- Ease of adding / removing components making it easier for cost-effective implementations.
Layered Architecture Disadvantages - answer...- Some layers functionality depends on the
information from the other layer and violates the goal of layer separation;
- One layer may duplicate lower layer functionalities
- Overhead both in computation
- Overhead in message headers caused by abstraction barriers between layers.
OSI and Five-Layered Internet model Similarities - answer...Many of the layers are the same
OSI and Five-Layered Internet model Differences - answer...- Three of the layers are combined in
the 5-layered model.
- Specifically the five-layer model combines the
- Application
- Presentation
- Session layers
,from the OSI model into a single Application layer.
What are sockets? - answer...- A network socket is a software structure within a network node of
a computer network that serves as an endpoint for sending and receiving data across the
network.
- The structure and properties of a socket are defined by an application programming interface
(API) for the networking architecture.
- Sockets are created only during the lifetime of a process of an application running in the node.
- ."A process sends messages into, and receives messages from, the network through a software
interface called a socket.
- Let's consider an analogy to help us understand processes and sockets. A process is analogous
to a house and its socket is analogous to its door....a socket is the interface between the
application layer and the transport layer within a host." - Kurose and Ross, 2.1
Describe each layer of the OSI model. - answer...- Application layer: Service, Interface, Protocol.
- Presentation layer: Plays intermediate role of formatting the information received from the
layer below and delivering it to the application layer.
- Session layer: Responsible for the mechanism that manages the different transport streams
that belong to the same session between end-user and application process.
- Transport layer: Responsible for the end-to-end communication between end hosts.
Network layer: This layer is responsible for moving the packet of information, called a datagram,
from one host to another.
- Data Link layer: Responsible for moving the frames from one node (host or router) to the next
node.
,- Physical layer: This layer is the actual hardware responsible to transfer bits within a frame
between two nodes c
OSI Model Application Layer - answer...- Service, Interface, Protocol.
Ex: Turn on your smartphone and look at the list of apps. (HTTP, SMTP, FTP, DNS)
OSI Model Presentation Layer - answer...- Plays intermediate role of formatting the information
received from the layer below and delivering it to the application layer.
Ex: converting big endian to little endian.
OSI Model Session Layer - answer...- Responsible for the mechanism that manages the different
transport streams that belong to the same session between end-user and application process.
Ex: teleconference app, it is responsible for tying together audio and video streaming.
OSI Model Network Layer - answer...- This layer is responsible for moving the packet of
information, called a datagram, from one host to another.
- Responsible for delivering the datagram to the Transport layer on the destination host.
- In this layer there are the IP Protocol and the routing tables.
OSI Model Transport Layer - answer...- Responsible for the end-to-end communication between
end hosts.
, - 2 protocols, TCP and UDP.
- TCP includes a connection-oriented service to the applications that are running on the layer
above, guaranteed delivery of the application-layer messages, flow control, and congestion
control mechanism.
- UDP provides a connectionless, best-effort service to the applications that are running in the
layer above without reliability, flow, or congestion control.
- In this layer the packet is called a segment.
OSI Model Data Link Layer - answer...- Packets are referred to as frames.
- Examples include:
- ethernet,
- ppp,
- wifi.
- Responsible for moving the frames from one node (host or router) to the next node.
- Services offered by the ___________ layer protocol include reliable delivery (transmission of
the data from one transmitting node, across one link, to the receiving node.
OSI Model Physical Layer - answer...This layer is the actual hardware responsible to transfer bits
within a frame between two nodes c
Answers Latest Guide Solved 100% Georgia
Institute , Guaranteed Pass100%
What are advantages and disadvantages of a layered architecture? - answer...Each protocol layer
offers different services.
Layered Architecture - answer...Each protocol layer offers different services.
Layered Architecture Advantages - answer...- Scalability,
- Flexibility
- Ease of adding / removing components making it easier for cost-effective implementations.
Layered Architecture Disadvantages - answer...- Some layers functionality depends on the
information from the other layer and violates the goal of layer separation;
- One layer may duplicate lower layer functionalities
- Overhead both in computation
- Overhead in message headers caused by abstraction barriers between layers.
OSI and Five-Layered Internet model Similarities - answer...Many of the layers are the same
OSI and Five-Layered Internet model Differences - answer...- Three of the layers are combined in
the 5-layered model.
- Specifically the five-layer model combines the
- Application
- Presentation
- Session layers
,from the OSI model into a single Application layer.
What are sockets? - answer...- A network socket is a software structure within a network node of
a computer network that serves as an endpoint for sending and receiving data across the
network.
- The structure and properties of a socket are defined by an application programming interface
(API) for the networking architecture.
- Sockets are created only during the lifetime of a process of an application running in the node.
- ."A process sends messages into, and receives messages from, the network through a software
interface called a socket.
- Let's consider an analogy to help us understand processes and sockets. A process is analogous
to a house and its socket is analogous to its door....a socket is the interface between the
application layer and the transport layer within a host." - Kurose and Ross, 2.1
Describe each layer of the OSI model. - answer...- Application layer: Service, Interface, Protocol.
- Presentation layer: Plays intermediate role of formatting the information received from the
layer below and delivering it to the application layer.
- Session layer: Responsible for the mechanism that manages the different transport streams
that belong to the same session between end-user and application process.
- Transport layer: Responsible for the end-to-end communication between end hosts.
Network layer: This layer is responsible for moving the packet of information, called a datagram,
from one host to another.
- Data Link layer: Responsible for moving the frames from one node (host or router) to the next
node.
,- Physical layer: This layer is the actual hardware responsible to transfer bits within a frame
between two nodes c
OSI Model Application Layer - answer...- Service, Interface, Protocol.
Ex: Turn on your smartphone and look at the list of apps. (HTTP, SMTP, FTP, DNS)
OSI Model Presentation Layer - answer...- Plays intermediate role of formatting the information
received from the layer below and delivering it to the application layer.
Ex: converting big endian to little endian.
OSI Model Session Layer - answer...- Responsible for the mechanism that manages the different
transport streams that belong to the same session between end-user and application process.
Ex: teleconference app, it is responsible for tying together audio and video streaming.
OSI Model Network Layer - answer...- This layer is responsible for moving the packet of
information, called a datagram, from one host to another.
- Responsible for delivering the datagram to the Transport layer on the destination host.
- In this layer there are the IP Protocol and the routing tables.
OSI Model Transport Layer - answer...- Responsible for the end-to-end communication between
end hosts.
, - 2 protocols, TCP and UDP.
- TCP includes a connection-oriented service to the applications that are running on the layer
above, guaranteed delivery of the application-layer messages, flow control, and congestion
control mechanism.
- UDP provides a connectionless, best-effort service to the applications that are running in the
layer above without reliability, flow, or congestion control.
- In this layer the packet is called a segment.
OSI Model Data Link Layer - answer...- Packets are referred to as frames.
- Examples include:
- ethernet,
- ppp,
- wifi.
- Responsible for moving the frames from one node (host or router) to the next node.
- Services offered by the ___________ layer protocol include reliable delivery (transmission of
the data from one transmitting node, across one link, to the receiving node.
OSI Model Physical Layer - answer...This layer is the actual hardware responsible to transfer bits
within a frame between two nodes c
