PATHOPHYSIOLOGY HESI EXIT EXAM 2025/2026 WITH
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS// GRADED A+
/. The nurse is caring for a 9-month-old infant with gluten-induced enteropathy. Which
common term for this disorder would the nurse use when discussing the infant's
diagnosis with the parents? - Answer-celiac disease
/.Which autoantigens are responsible for the development of Crohn's disease? -
Answer-Crypt epithelial cells
/.Which organism would the nurse explain was responsible for a client's recent
diagnosis of malaria? - Answer-Sporozoa
/.The nurse explains to the parents of a 6 year old child with a pinworm infestation how
pinworms are transmitted. Which statement indicates that the teaching ahs been
understood? - Answer-Wash hands before eating
/.To which part of the respiratory system would the client's radiology report refer when
identifying the angle of Louis? - Answer-Carina
/.Which explanation will the nurse give when a client asks about what causes varicose
veins? - Answer-"Incompetent valves of superficial veins."
/.The parents of a child with recently diagnosed leukemia ask the nurse why their child
has too many white blood cells. Which response by the nurse is best? - Answer-"The
bone marrow is not controlling your child's white blood cell production as it should."
/.Which complication may develop in the child with hypospadias with chordee? -
Answer-Sexual difficulties
/.Which statements regarding acne are correct? Select all that apply - Answer-Acne
may be caused by stress
Family hx could be a reason for it
Propionibacterium acnes causes acne
Acne is commonly found on the face, chest, lower back, and neck
/.Which conditions may result from immunoglobin IgE antibodies on mast cells reacting
with antigens? - Answer-Asthma
Hay fever
/.A client sustained minor skin injuries after an accident. Which event occurs close to
the time of injury? - Answer-Migration of leukocytes to the site of injury
, /.Which virus is responsible for causing infectious mononucleosis in clients? - Answer-
Epstein-Barr
/.Which condition is due to decreased elasticity of the outer lens? - Answer-Presbyopia
/.Which explanation would the nurse provide to the parents of a child with spasmodic
croup who ask why their child is receiving humidified oxygen? - Answer-It helps prevent
drying of membranes
/.Which type of brain tumor can originate from cells that form the myelin sheath around
nerves? - Answer-Acoustic neuroma
/.While conducting an eye examination, the ophthalmologist shines a light into the
client's pupil and observes there is a slow recovery of the pupil size. Which muscular
atrophy is responsible for this condition? - Answer-The iris dilator muscle
/.Which factor is the cause of frequent upper respiratory tract infections in toddlers? -
Answer-Immature immune system
/.Which strategy would the nurse teach the parents of a child who is being discharged
from the hospital after a diagnosis of acute spasmodic laryngitis to help prevent another
croup episode? - Answer-Use a cool mist vaporizer
/.A newborn with Erb palsy has an asymmetric Moro reflex. Which cause would the
nurse suspect? - Answer-an injury to the shoulder during birth
/.A mother whose son has acute glomerulonephritis (AGN) is fearful that her other
children may contract the disorder. What should the nurse tell the mother about the
origin of acute glomerulonephritis? - Answer-"It is a result of an autoimmune response
after a streptococcal infection."
/.A child with cystic fibrosis (CF) has recurrent episodes of bronchitis, and the parents
ask why this happens. Which reason would the nurse include in the reply? - Answer-
Tenacious secretions that obstruct the respiratory tract provide a favorable medium for
growth of bacteria.
/.Which comorbidity is associated with Down syndrome? - Answer-Congenital heart
disease
/.In a child with lead poisoning, where is lead stored while remaining inert? - Answer-
Bones
/.Ingestion of which chemicals may cause chemical pneumonia? - Answer-lighter fluid
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS// GRADED A+
/. The nurse is caring for a 9-month-old infant with gluten-induced enteropathy. Which
common term for this disorder would the nurse use when discussing the infant's
diagnosis with the parents? - Answer-celiac disease
/.Which autoantigens are responsible for the development of Crohn's disease? -
Answer-Crypt epithelial cells
/.Which organism would the nurse explain was responsible for a client's recent
diagnosis of malaria? - Answer-Sporozoa
/.The nurse explains to the parents of a 6 year old child with a pinworm infestation how
pinworms are transmitted. Which statement indicates that the teaching ahs been
understood? - Answer-Wash hands before eating
/.To which part of the respiratory system would the client's radiology report refer when
identifying the angle of Louis? - Answer-Carina
/.Which explanation will the nurse give when a client asks about what causes varicose
veins? - Answer-"Incompetent valves of superficial veins."
/.The parents of a child with recently diagnosed leukemia ask the nurse why their child
has too many white blood cells. Which response by the nurse is best? - Answer-"The
bone marrow is not controlling your child's white blood cell production as it should."
/.Which complication may develop in the child with hypospadias with chordee? -
Answer-Sexual difficulties
/.Which statements regarding acne are correct? Select all that apply - Answer-Acne
may be caused by stress
Family hx could be a reason for it
Propionibacterium acnes causes acne
Acne is commonly found on the face, chest, lower back, and neck
/.Which conditions may result from immunoglobin IgE antibodies on mast cells reacting
with antigens? - Answer-Asthma
Hay fever
/.A client sustained minor skin injuries after an accident. Which event occurs close to
the time of injury? - Answer-Migration of leukocytes to the site of injury
, /.Which virus is responsible for causing infectious mononucleosis in clients? - Answer-
Epstein-Barr
/.Which condition is due to decreased elasticity of the outer lens? - Answer-Presbyopia
/.Which explanation would the nurse provide to the parents of a child with spasmodic
croup who ask why their child is receiving humidified oxygen? - Answer-It helps prevent
drying of membranes
/.Which type of brain tumor can originate from cells that form the myelin sheath around
nerves? - Answer-Acoustic neuroma
/.While conducting an eye examination, the ophthalmologist shines a light into the
client's pupil and observes there is a slow recovery of the pupil size. Which muscular
atrophy is responsible for this condition? - Answer-The iris dilator muscle
/.Which factor is the cause of frequent upper respiratory tract infections in toddlers? -
Answer-Immature immune system
/.Which strategy would the nurse teach the parents of a child who is being discharged
from the hospital after a diagnosis of acute spasmodic laryngitis to help prevent another
croup episode? - Answer-Use a cool mist vaporizer
/.A newborn with Erb palsy has an asymmetric Moro reflex. Which cause would the
nurse suspect? - Answer-an injury to the shoulder during birth
/.A mother whose son has acute glomerulonephritis (AGN) is fearful that her other
children may contract the disorder. What should the nurse tell the mother about the
origin of acute glomerulonephritis? - Answer-"It is a result of an autoimmune response
after a streptococcal infection."
/.A child with cystic fibrosis (CF) has recurrent episodes of bronchitis, and the parents
ask why this happens. Which reason would the nurse include in the reply? - Answer-
Tenacious secretions that obstruct the respiratory tract provide a favorable medium for
growth of bacteria.
/.Which comorbidity is associated with Down syndrome? - Answer-Congenital heart
disease
/.In a child with lead poisoning, where is lead stored while remaining inert? - Answer-
Bones
/.Ingestion of which chemicals may cause chemical pneumonia? - Answer-lighter fluid
