NASM CES Final Exam Fine-
tuned Review With Accurate
Solutions Latest Updated
Neuromuscular efficiency - Correct Answer-The ability of the neuromuscular
system to allow agonists, antagonists, synergists, and stablilzers to work
synergistically to produce, reduce, and dynamically stabilize the kinetic chain
in all three planes of motion.
Posture - Correct Answer-The independent and interdependent alignment
(static posture) and function (transitional and dynamic posture) of all
components of the human movement system at any given moment; controlled
by the central nervous system.
Structural efficiency - Correct Answer-The alignment of each segment of the
human movement system (HMS), which allows posture to be balanced in
relation to one's center of gravity.
Functional efficiency - Correct Answer-The ability of the neuromuscular system
to recruit correct muscle synergies, at the right time, with the appropriate
amount of force to perform functional tasks with the least amount of energy
and stress on the human movement system.
Cumulative injury cycle - Correct Answer-A cycle in which an injury will induce
inflammation, muscle spasm, adhesion, altered neuromusclular control, and
muscle imbalances.
Movement impairment syndrome - Correct Answer-Refers to the state in which
the structural integrity of the human movement system (HMS) is compromised
because the components are out of alignment.
Altered reciprocal inhibition - Correct Answer-The process whereby a tight
muscle (short, overactive, myofascial adhesions) causes decreased neural drive
and therefore optimal recruitment of its functional antagonist.
Synergistic dominance - Correct Answer-The process by which a synergist
compenstates for a prime mover to maintain force production.
Lower extremity movement impairment syndrome - Correct Answer-Usually
characterized by excessive foot pronation (flat feet), increased knee valgus (tibia
externally rotated and femur internally rotated and adducted or knock-kneed),
,and increased movement at the lumbo-pelvic-hip-complex (extension or flexion)
during functional movements.
Upper extremity movement impairment syndrome - Correct Answer-Usually
characterized as having rounded shoulders and a forward head posture or
improper scapulothoracic or glenohumeral kinematics during functional
movements.
Lengthening Techniques - Correct Answer-2nd phase in the Corrective Exercise
Continuum is to lengthen those overactive or tight neuromyofascial tissues.
Lengthening - Correct Answer-refers to the elongation of mechanically
shortened muscle and connective tissuenecessary to increase range of motion
(ROM) at the tissue and joint.
2 most common methods of stretching: - Correct Answer-Static stretching
Neuromuscular stretching
Static stretching - Correct Answer-Combines low force with long duration using
autogenic inhibition. This form of stretching allows for relaxation and
concomitant elongation of muscle. To perform static stretching, the stretch is
held at the first point of tension or resistance barrier for 30 seconds. Performed
solo
Neuromuscular stretching - Correct Answer-commonly called proprioceptive
neuromuscular facilitation,or PNF involves taking the muscle to its end ROM
(point of joint compensation), actively contracting the muscle to be stretched
for 7 -15 seconds, then passively moving the joint to a new end ROM and
holding this position for 20-30 seconds.
Recurrent inhibition - Correct Answer-A feedback circuit that can decrease the
excitability of motor neurons via the interneuron called the Renshaw cell.
Stretch reflex - Correct Answer-A muscle contraction in response to stretching
within the muscle.
Static stretching is characterized by: - Correct Answer-The elongation of
neuromyofascial tissue to an end-range and statically holding that position fora
period of time.
Maximal control of structural alignment
Minimal acceleration into and out of the elongated (stretch) position.
Neuromuscular stretching is (NMS) characterized by: - Correct Answer-Taking
the muscle to its end ROM (point of joint compensation)
Active contraction of the muscle to be stretched
Passively (or actively) moving to a new end ROM
,Statically holding new position for 20-30 seconds and repeating 3 times.
Neuromuscular stretching - Correct Answer-Is a technique that involves a
process of isometrically contracting a desired muscle in a lengthened position
to induce a relazation response on the tissue, allowing it to further elongate.
Requires the assistance of another person.
Autogenic inhibition - Correct Answer-The process when neural impulses that
sense tension are greater than the impulses that cause muscles to contract,
providing an inhibitory effect to the muscle spindles
What is the origin of the Anterior Tibialis? - Correct Answer-The lateral condyle
and proximal two thirds f the lateral surface of the tibia
What is the origin of the Posterior Tibilais ? - Correct Answer-Proximal two
thirds surface of the tibia and fibula
What is the origin of the Soleus? - Correct Answer-Posterior surface of the
fibular head and proximal one third of its shaft and the posterior side of the
tibia
What is the origin of the Gastrocnemius? - Correct Answer-Posterior aspect of
the lateral and medial femoral condyles
What is the origin of Peroneus Longus? - Correct Answer-Lateral condyle of the
tibia, head and proximal two thirds of the lateral surface of the fibula
What is the origin of the long head of Biceps Femoris? - Correct Answer-Ischial
tuberosity of the pelvis and part of the sacrotuberous ligament
What is the origin of the short head of Biceps Femoris? - Correct Answer-Lower
one third of the posterior aspect of the femur
What is the origin of Semimembranosus? - Correct Answer-Ischial tuberosity of
the pelvis
What is the origin of Semitendinosus? - Correct Answer-Ischial tuberosity of
the pelvis and part of the sacrotuberous ligament
What is the origin of Vastus Lateralis? - Correct Answer-Anterior and inferior
border of the greater trochanter, lateral region of the gluteal tuberosity, lateral
lip of the linea aspera of the femur
What is the origin of Vastus Medialis? - Correct Answer-Lower region of the
intertrochanteric line, medial lip of the linea aspera, proximal medial
supracondylar line of the femur
, What is the origin of Vastus Intermedius? - Correct Answer-Anterior-lateral
regions of the upper two thirds of the femur
What is the origin of Rectus femoris? - Correct Answer-Anterior-inferior illiac
spine of the pelvis
What is the origin of Adductor longus ? - Correct Answer-Anterior surface of
the inferior pubic ramus of the pelvis
What is the origin of the anterior fibers of Adductor magnus? - Correct Answer-
Ischial ramus of the pelvis
What is the origin of the posterior fibers of Adductor magnus? - Correct
Answer-Ischial tuberosity of the pelvis
What is the origin of Adductor brevis? - Correct Answer-Anterior surface of the
inferior pubic ramus of the pelvis
What is the origin of Gracilis? - Correct Answer-Anterior aspect of the lower
body of the pubis
What is the origin of Pectineus? - Correct Answer-Pectineal line on the superior
pubic ramus of the pelvis
What is the origin of the anterior fibers of Gluteus medius? - Correct Answer-
Outer surface of the ilium
What is the origin of the posterior fibers of gluteus medius? - Correct Answer-
Outer surface of the ilium
What is the origin of Gluteus maximus? - Correct Answer-Outer ilium,
posterior side of the sacrum, coccyx, and sacrotuberous ligament, and the
posterior sacroiliac ligament
What is the origin of Gluteus minimus? - Correct Answer-Ilium, between the
anterior and inferior gluteal line
What is the origin of Tensor Fascia Late? - Correct Answer-Outer surface of the
illiac crest just posterior to the anterior-superior iliac spine of the pelvis
What is the origin of Psoas? - Correct Answer-Transverse processes and lateral
bodies of the last thoracic and all lumbar vertebrae, including the
intervertebral disc
tuned Review With Accurate
Solutions Latest Updated
Neuromuscular efficiency - Correct Answer-The ability of the neuromuscular
system to allow agonists, antagonists, synergists, and stablilzers to work
synergistically to produce, reduce, and dynamically stabilize the kinetic chain
in all three planes of motion.
Posture - Correct Answer-The independent and interdependent alignment
(static posture) and function (transitional and dynamic posture) of all
components of the human movement system at any given moment; controlled
by the central nervous system.
Structural efficiency - Correct Answer-The alignment of each segment of the
human movement system (HMS), which allows posture to be balanced in
relation to one's center of gravity.
Functional efficiency - Correct Answer-The ability of the neuromuscular system
to recruit correct muscle synergies, at the right time, with the appropriate
amount of force to perform functional tasks with the least amount of energy
and stress on the human movement system.
Cumulative injury cycle - Correct Answer-A cycle in which an injury will induce
inflammation, muscle spasm, adhesion, altered neuromusclular control, and
muscle imbalances.
Movement impairment syndrome - Correct Answer-Refers to the state in which
the structural integrity of the human movement system (HMS) is compromised
because the components are out of alignment.
Altered reciprocal inhibition - Correct Answer-The process whereby a tight
muscle (short, overactive, myofascial adhesions) causes decreased neural drive
and therefore optimal recruitment of its functional antagonist.
Synergistic dominance - Correct Answer-The process by which a synergist
compenstates for a prime mover to maintain force production.
Lower extremity movement impairment syndrome - Correct Answer-Usually
characterized by excessive foot pronation (flat feet), increased knee valgus (tibia
externally rotated and femur internally rotated and adducted or knock-kneed),
,and increased movement at the lumbo-pelvic-hip-complex (extension or flexion)
during functional movements.
Upper extremity movement impairment syndrome - Correct Answer-Usually
characterized as having rounded shoulders and a forward head posture or
improper scapulothoracic or glenohumeral kinematics during functional
movements.
Lengthening Techniques - Correct Answer-2nd phase in the Corrective Exercise
Continuum is to lengthen those overactive or tight neuromyofascial tissues.
Lengthening - Correct Answer-refers to the elongation of mechanically
shortened muscle and connective tissuenecessary to increase range of motion
(ROM) at the tissue and joint.
2 most common methods of stretching: - Correct Answer-Static stretching
Neuromuscular stretching
Static stretching - Correct Answer-Combines low force with long duration using
autogenic inhibition. This form of stretching allows for relaxation and
concomitant elongation of muscle. To perform static stretching, the stretch is
held at the first point of tension or resistance barrier for 30 seconds. Performed
solo
Neuromuscular stretching - Correct Answer-commonly called proprioceptive
neuromuscular facilitation,or PNF involves taking the muscle to its end ROM
(point of joint compensation), actively contracting the muscle to be stretched
for 7 -15 seconds, then passively moving the joint to a new end ROM and
holding this position for 20-30 seconds.
Recurrent inhibition - Correct Answer-A feedback circuit that can decrease the
excitability of motor neurons via the interneuron called the Renshaw cell.
Stretch reflex - Correct Answer-A muscle contraction in response to stretching
within the muscle.
Static stretching is characterized by: - Correct Answer-The elongation of
neuromyofascial tissue to an end-range and statically holding that position fora
period of time.
Maximal control of structural alignment
Minimal acceleration into and out of the elongated (stretch) position.
Neuromuscular stretching is (NMS) characterized by: - Correct Answer-Taking
the muscle to its end ROM (point of joint compensation)
Active contraction of the muscle to be stretched
Passively (or actively) moving to a new end ROM
,Statically holding new position for 20-30 seconds and repeating 3 times.
Neuromuscular stretching - Correct Answer-Is a technique that involves a
process of isometrically contracting a desired muscle in a lengthened position
to induce a relazation response on the tissue, allowing it to further elongate.
Requires the assistance of another person.
Autogenic inhibition - Correct Answer-The process when neural impulses that
sense tension are greater than the impulses that cause muscles to contract,
providing an inhibitory effect to the muscle spindles
What is the origin of the Anterior Tibialis? - Correct Answer-The lateral condyle
and proximal two thirds f the lateral surface of the tibia
What is the origin of the Posterior Tibilais ? - Correct Answer-Proximal two
thirds surface of the tibia and fibula
What is the origin of the Soleus? - Correct Answer-Posterior surface of the
fibular head and proximal one third of its shaft and the posterior side of the
tibia
What is the origin of the Gastrocnemius? - Correct Answer-Posterior aspect of
the lateral and medial femoral condyles
What is the origin of Peroneus Longus? - Correct Answer-Lateral condyle of the
tibia, head and proximal two thirds of the lateral surface of the fibula
What is the origin of the long head of Biceps Femoris? - Correct Answer-Ischial
tuberosity of the pelvis and part of the sacrotuberous ligament
What is the origin of the short head of Biceps Femoris? - Correct Answer-Lower
one third of the posterior aspect of the femur
What is the origin of Semimembranosus? - Correct Answer-Ischial tuberosity of
the pelvis
What is the origin of Semitendinosus? - Correct Answer-Ischial tuberosity of
the pelvis and part of the sacrotuberous ligament
What is the origin of Vastus Lateralis? - Correct Answer-Anterior and inferior
border of the greater trochanter, lateral region of the gluteal tuberosity, lateral
lip of the linea aspera of the femur
What is the origin of Vastus Medialis? - Correct Answer-Lower region of the
intertrochanteric line, medial lip of the linea aspera, proximal medial
supracondylar line of the femur
, What is the origin of Vastus Intermedius? - Correct Answer-Anterior-lateral
regions of the upper two thirds of the femur
What is the origin of Rectus femoris? - Correct Answer-Anterior-inferior illiac
spine of the pelvis
What is the origin of Adductor longus ? - Correct Answer-Anterior surface of
the inferior pubic ramus of the pelvis
What is the origin of the anterior fibers of Adductor magnus? - Correct Answer-
Ischial ramus of the pelvis
What is the origin of the posterior fibers of Adductor magnus? - Correct
Answer-Ischial tuberosity of the pelvis
What is the origin of Adductor brevis? - Correct Answer-Anterior surface of the
inferior pubic ramus of the pelvis
What is the origin of Gracilis? - Correct Answer-Anterior aspect of the lower
body of the pubis
What is the origin of Pectineus? - Correct Answer-Pectineal line on the superior
pubic ramus of the pelvis
What is the origin of the anterior fibers of Gluteus medius? - Correct Answer-
Outer surface of the ilium
What is the origin of the posterior fibers of gluteus medius? - Correct Answer-
Outer surface of the ilium
What is the origin of Gluteus maximus? - Correct Answer-Outer ilium,
posterior side of the sacrum, coccyx, and sacrotuberous ligament, and the
posterior sacroiliac ligament
What is the origin of Gluteus minimus? - Correct Answer-Ilium, between the
anterior and inferior gluteal line
What is the origin of Tensor Fascia Late? - Correct Answer-Outer surface of the
illiac crest just posterior to the anterior-superior iliac spine of the pelvis
What is the origin of Psoas? - Correct Answer-Transverse processes and lateral
bodies of the last thoracic and all lumbar vertebrae, including the
intervertebral disc
