NAVLE Prep UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Answers
1. What nerve(s) need to be blocked in Cornual
order to dehorn cattle?
2. What nerve(s) need to be blocked in cornual nerve and infratrochlear nerve
order to dehorn goats?
3. Several rabbits in a commercial meat Penicillin IM for all rabbits, 5-7 days
operation have developed genital
scabs, perineal ulcerations a crusty ex-
udate around the nose and eyes. Mi-
crohemaglutination tests are positive
for treponematosis.
Which one of the following steps is
most effective to treat this problem?
A - Amprolium-medicated feed for
whole herd, 2 weeks; Increase ventila-
tion
B - Clindamycin PO for exposed rabbits,
8 days; Cull affected animals
C - Amipcillin PO for affected rabbits,
10-14 days
D - Isolate affected animals, Lin-
comycin in water 2-3 weeks
E - Penicillin IM for all rabbits, 5-7 days
4. Two bucket-fed veal calves are de- B - Remove fermented rumen contents, flush with
pressed and stunted and have sticky saline
feces coating their hindquarters. Flu-
id-splashing sounds are audible during This is the clinical picture of a ruminal drinker
auscultation over the left flank when a calf with chronic indigestion from milk deposited
calf is drinking. directly into the rumen.
, NAVLE Prep UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Answers
Passage of a stomach tube obtains a Treat by removing the fermented material and
rancid-smelling liquid with a pH of 5.2 flushing the rumen with saline. Attempt to induce
[N=5.9-6.2] gastric/reticular groove closure during feeding by
inducing vigorous sucking activity with a finger
Which one of the following choices is before feeding milk. If calves relapse, consider
the most appropriate treatment? weaning.
A - Cull affected calves The problem occurs due to failure of the gastric
B - Remove fermented rumen con- groove reflex, which normally shunts milk directly
tents, flush with saline into the abomasum, (bypassing the rumen). Most
C - Wean affected calves; Shift to bot- often seen in bucket fed calves who gulp their
tle-feeding for well calves milk.
D - Vitamin E/Selenium injections, plus
dietary supplements
E - Inoculate rumen fluid from a
healthy cow into calf by stomach tube
5. Abortions due to brucellosis tend to oc- D - Last half of pregnancy
cur at what stage of pregnancy?
Typically, Brucellosis causes abortion in the LAST
HALF of pregnancy, for the 5th month onwards.
Last trimester is also a good answer, though not
entirely correct. You might remember "Bruce is
always late".
Expect STILLBORN calves. Cows only abort ONCE.
Brucellosis is REPORTABLE.
The vaccines used are the Brucella abortus strain
19 vaccine or the RB51 vaccine, given to heifer
calves 4-12 months old, along with a USDA tattoo
, NAVLE Prep UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Answers
in the right ear. Remember: "The right ear is the
RIGHT EAR".
BVD and Trichomoniasis (occasionally) can cause
early abortion in cows, but MOST things cause
abortion late, like 3rd trimester.
Listeriosis and Arcanobacterium pyogenes can
cause abortion at any time during pregnancy.
6. A cow is presented on emergency with B - Rumenal infusion 2-8 liters vinegar,3-10 gal-
urea/non-protein nitrogen toxicity. lons cold water
What is the treatment of choice?
A - Atropine, Protopam chloride IV q 4-6
hours
B - Rumenal infusion 2-8 liters vine-
gar,3-10 gallons cold water
C - Rumenotomy
D - IV Fluids with MgSO4, Na thiosulfate
PO
E - Relieve bloat, drench with 2-8 liters
sodium bicarbonate
7. A 3-month old calf is presented for A - Treat the other calves with vitamin E/Selenium
necropsy. The calf collapsed and sud-
denly died this morning after she es- Treat the other calves with vitamin E/Selenium.
caped and was chased around the back Think White Muscle Disease when you see SUD-
pasture for 45 minutes by her owner. DEN DEATH and endocardial PLAQUES in a young
calf, lamb or kid with a history of recent VIGOROUS
Among other things, endocardial EXERCISE. Follow this link to a Merck image of pale
plaques in the left ventricle of this calf's ventricular myocardium.
, NAVLE Prep UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Answers
heart are discovered.
Typically seen in young, fast-growing animals (ie:
What advice should be given the calves 2 weeks-6 mos) Clinical signs may in-
farmer? clude dyspnea (due to myocardial disease), stiff
gait, arched back, weakness, recumbent but BAR
A - Treat the other calves with vitamin (bright, alert, responsive).
E/Selenium
B - Check the mother for bovine leuko- Sudden death may resemble enterotoxemia,
sis by AGID should see acute bloody diarrhea, convulsions,
C - Take all the calves off opisthotonos in first days of life with enterotox-
ionophore-containing feed emia.
D - Start the other calves on Ceftiofur
(Naxcel ®)
E - Search the calf barn for sources of
lead
8. Which pair of neonatal calf diarrheas C - Cryptosporidiosis, Salmonella
both have public health/zoonotic signif-
icance? Cryptosporidiosis is caused by a protozoa impli-
cated in drinking water-associated outbreaks of
A - Colibacillosis, Ostertagiasis diarrhea in humans; Salmonellae can infect hu-
B - Colibacillosis, Rotavirus mans from a number of different sources (turtles,
C - Cryptosporidiosis, Salmonella chickens, eggs)
D - Salmonella, Coccidiosis
E - Clostridium perfringens, Coron- E. Coli can cause human disease, but Ostertagia
avirus and bovine rotavirus do not. (There IS a human
version of rotavirus, however)
C. perfringens can be found in soil and in the
normal gut flora and is not contagious.
9. Swainsonine is a toxic compound pre- C - Astragalus flavus (Milk vetch)
sent in which one of the following
1. What nerve(s) need to be blocked in Cornual
order to dehorn cattle?
2. What nerve(s) need to be blocked in cornual nerve and infratrochlear nerve
order to dehorn goats?
3. Several rabbits in a commercial meat Penicillin IM for all rabbits, 5-7 days
operation have developed genital
scabs, perineal ulcerations a crusty ex-
udate around the nose and eyes. Mi-
crohemaglutination tests are positive
for treponematosis.
Which one of the following steps is
most effective to treat this problem?
A - Amprolium-medicated feed for
whole herd, 2 weeks; Increase ventila-
tion
B - Clindamycin PO for exposed rabbits,
8 days; Cull affected animals
C - Amipcillin PO for affected rabbits,
10-14 days
D - Isolate affected animals, Lin-
comycin in water 2-3 weeks
E - Penicillin IM for all rabbits, 5-7 days
4. Two bucket-fed veal calves are de- B - Remove fermented rumen contents, flush with
pressed and stunted and have sticky saline
feces coating their hindquarters. Flu-
id-splashing sounds are audible during This is the clinical picture of a ruminal drinker
auscultation over the left flank when a calf with chronic indigestion from milk deposited
calf is drinking. directly into the rumen.
, NAVLE Prep UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Answers
Passage of a stomach tube obtains a Treat by removing the fermented material and
rancid-smelling liquid with a pH of 5.2 flushing the rumen with saline. Attempt to induce
[N=5.9-6.2] gastric/reticular groove closure during feeding by
inducing vigorous sucking activity with a finger
Which one of the following choices is before feeding milk. If calves relapse, consider
the most appropriate treatment? weaning.
A - Cull affected calves The problem occurs due to failure of the gastric
B - Remove fermented rumen con- groove reflex, which normally shunts milk directly
tents, flush with saline into the abomasum, (bypassing the rumen). Most
C - Wean affected calves; Shift to bot- often seen in bucket fed calves who gulp their
tle-feeding for well calves milk.
D - Vitamin E/Selenium injections, plus
dietary supplements
E - Inoculate rumen fluid from a
healthy cow into calf by stomach tube
5. Abortions due to brucellosis tend to oc- D - Last half of pregnancy
cur at what stage of pregnancy?
Typically, Brucellosis causes abortion in the LAST
HALF of pregnancy, for the 5th month onwards.
Last trimester is also a good answer, though not
entirely correct. You might remember "Bruce is
always late".
Expect STILLBORN calves. Cows only abort ONCE.
Brucellosis is REPORTABLE.
The vaccines used are the Brucella abortus strain
19 vaccine or the RB51 vaccine, given to heifer
calves 4-12 months old, along with a USDA tattoo
, NAVLE Prep UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Answers
in the right ear. Remember: "The right ear is the
RIGHT EAR".
BVD and Trichomoniasis (occasionally) can cause
early abortion in cows, but MOST things cause
abortion late, like 3rd trimester.
Listeriosis and Arcanobacterium pyogenes can
cause abortion at any time during pregnancy.
6. A cow is presented on emergency with B - Rumenal infusion 2-8 liters vinegar,3-10 gal-
urea/non-protein nitrogen toxicity. lons cold water
What is the treatment of choice?
A - Atropine, Protopam chloride IV q 4-6
hours
B - Rumenal infusion 2-8 liters vine-
gar,3-10 gallons cold water
C - Rumenotomy
D - IV Fluids with MgSO4, Na thiosulfate
PO
E - Relieve bloat, drench with 2-8 liters
sodium bicarbonate
7. A 3-month old calf is presented for A - Treat the other calves with vitamin E/Selenium
necropsy. The calf collapsed and sud-
denly died this morning after she es- Treat the other calves with vitamin E/Selenium.
caped and was chased around the back Think White Muscle Disease when you see SUD-
pasture for 45 minutes by her owner. DEN DEATH and endocardial PLAQUES in a young
calf, lamb or kid with a history of recent VIGOROUS
Among other things, endocardial EXERCISE. Follow this link to a Merck image of pale
plaques in the left ventricle of this calf's ventricular myocardium.
, NAVLE Prep UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Answers
heart are discovered.
Typically seen in young, fast-growing animals (ie:
What advice should be given the calves 2 weeks-6 mos) Clinical signs may in-
farmer? clude dyspnea (due to myocardial disease), stiff
gait, arched back, weakness, recumbent but BAR
A - Treat the other calves with vitamin (bright, alert, responsive).
E/Selenium
B - Check the mother for bovine leuko- Sudden death may resemble enterotoxemia,
sis by AGID should see acute bloody diarrhea, convulsions,
C - Take all the calves off opisthotonos in first days of life with enterotox-
ionophore-containing feed emia.
D - Start the other calves on Ceftiofur
(Naxcel ®)
E - Search the calf barn for sources of
lead
8. Which pair of neonatal calf diarrheas C - Cryptosporidiosis, Salmonella
both have public health/zoonotic signif-
icance? Cryptosporidiosis is caused by a protozoa impli-
cated in drinking water-associated outbreaks of
A - Colibacillosis, Ostertagiasis diarrhea in humans; Salmonellae can infect hu-
B - Colibacillosis, Rotavirus mans from a number of different sources (turtles,
C - Cryptosporidiosis, Salmonella chickens, eggs)
D - Salmonella, Coccidiosis
E - Clostridium perfringens, Coron- E. Coli can cause human disease, but Ostertagia
avirus and bovine rotavirus do not. (There IS a human
version of rotavirus, however)
C. perfringens can be found in soil and in the
normal gut flora and is not contagious.
9. Swainsonine is a toxic compound pre- C - Astragalus flavus (Milk vetch)
sent in which one of the following
