NAVLE prep UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT
Answers
1. A person calls to to say she adopt- A
ed a friend's dog and requests a
copy of the dog's medical record According to the AVMA's Principles of Veterinary Med-
and radiographs. The former own- ical Ethics (2008 revision)
er is a client at your clinic. Which
"Ethically, the information within veterinary medical
one of the following choices is the
records is considered privileged and confidential. It
most appropriate action to take?
must not be released except by court order or consent
A - Require original owner consent of the owner of the patient. Veterinarians should secure
or court order to release informa- a written release to document that request."
tion
B - Give caller a copy of medical
record only
C - Give caller a copy of medical
record and radiographs
D - After physical exam, start a new
medical record documenting previ-
ous issues
E - Give a summarized record
with personal identifiers (vet, own-
er names) blocked out
2. A 5 year old domestic short-haired B
spayed female cat is presented
with the complaints of anorexia, In cats, there is a common opening of the pancreat-
chronic vomiting, and weight loss. ic and common bile ducts into the duodenum. It is
thought that this may predispose them to ascending
Physical examination reveals cholangitis and pancreatitis after vomiting associated
icterus, dehydration, and fever. with inflammatory bowel disease, resulting in extra-
Thickened small intestinal loops hepatic biliary obstruction.
are appreciated with abdominal
palpation, and serum biochemistry Other possible etiologies of EHBO include neoplasia,
, NAVLE prep UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT
Answers
shows increased bilirubin and liver biliary stricture, duodenal obstruction, diaphragmatic
enzymes. hernia, and parasitic infection.
The cat is diagnosed with extra- In all cases, there is a lack of bile entry into the intestinal
hepatic biliary obstruction with ac- tract, leading to decreased absorption of fat and fat
companying cholangitis and in- soluble vitamins such as vitamin K, potentially resulting
flammatory bowel disease. Which in coagulopathies.
one of the following normal
anatomic features may predispose Except in transient cases that are related to acute pan-
cats to this triad of diseases? creatitis, surgical intervention to relieve the obstruction
is required as well as appropriate supportive care, an-
A - Narrowing of the duodenum timicrobial treatment, and vitamin K administration.
distal to the entry of the common
bile and pancreatic ducts
B - Common opening of the pan-
creatic and common bile ducts into
duodenum
C - Enlarged duodenal papilla in
comparison to other species
D - Decreased proportion of al-
pha-smooth muscle actin in mus-
cle fibers of the wall of the gall
bladder in cats
E - Decreased diameter and in-
creased branching of the hepat-
ic ducts in comparison to other
species
3. Most of a litter of European wild B
boar at a zoological park have died.
The surviving piglets are in later- Encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) is caused by a car-
al recumbency with a frothy nasal diovirus in the family picornaviridae. Confusingly, the
, NAVLE prep UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT
Answers
discharge. Necropsy of the piglets virus is named for its effects on mice.
reveals pulmonary edema and co- Think of rodents and exotic zoo mammals with EMCV.
pious fluid in the trachea and Pig-to-pig contact, contamination of swine feed and
bronchi along with grayish- white water by rodents or ingestion of dead rodents may
necrotic foci on the myocardium. cause disease. See pulmonary edema and copious
Which one of the following dis- transudate in the respiratory tract, causing cardiac fail-
eases is the most likely diagnosis? ure. Zoo outbreaks of EMCV have included lions, African
elephants, rhinos, hippos, sloths, llamas, antelope and
A - Edema disease nonhuman primates. An outbreak of lion deaths at a
B - Encephalomyocarditis Florida zoo in the USA occurred after feeding them the
C - Glasser's Disease carcass of an African elephant that had died of EMCV.
D - Porcine Respiratory and Repro-
ductive Syndrome Edema disease is a neurologic disease caused by a he-
E - Pseudorabies molytic Escherichia coli producing Shiga toxin e2 and
F18 pili resulting in high mortality in recently-weaned
pigs.
Glasser's Disease, caused by Hemophilus parasuis is
usually an acute disease of 6 to 8 week-old pigs which
causes fibrinous arthritis, polyserositis, and meningi-
tis.
Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome
(PRRS), is an arterivirus causing reproductive failure
and post-weaning respiratory disease.
4. What is the main mode of trans- D
mission for feline leukemia virus?
The correct answer is shedding of virus via saliva. The
A - Aerosol transmission main mode of transmission is via saliva. It requires
B - Shedding of virus via feces prolonged, close contact. Cats may shed the virus for
C - Fomite transmission months to years. Transmission may also occur through
D - Shedding of virus via saliva
, NAVLE prep UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT
Answers
reuse of instruments and blood. Virus is shed in saliva,
tears, urine, and feces.
5. You are working with a farmer who D
is having trouble with calves be-
tween the age of 2 weeks and 6 The correct answer is selenium deficiency. The pale
months. They are alert, but weak, muscle and clinical signs are classic for vitamin E and
dyspneic and die suddenly. On selenium deficiency. This is important to remember!
necropsy they have pale cardiac Other things that should be on your differential list for
and skeletal muscles. What is the this case include cardiotoxic plants.
farmer's problem?
A - Copper deficiency
B - Sorghum toxicity
C - Lightning strike
D - Selenium deficiency
6. A 6-year old intact male domes- B
tic short haired cat presents with
acute onset exophthalmos of the The answer is a retrobulbar abscess. Acute, painful
right eye in the past 2 days. He exophthalmos is usually due to retrobulbar absces-
is painful on palpation around sation. These lesions are usually painful and may be
his eye and head. The eye can swollen. These animals are frequently systemically ill
be retropulsed with minimal resis- with fever and leukocytosis. Causes of retrobulbar ab-
tance. He has not been eating in scesses include penetrating wounds, foreign bodies,
the past day and has a rectal tem- spread from dental or sinus infection, and hematoge-
perature of 103.4F (39.7 C). What is nous spread. Glaucoma does not cause exophthalmos,
the most likely diagnosis? although, chronically it can cause buphthalmos which
may appear similar. Anterior uveitis also does not cause
A - Orbital neoplasia exophthalmos.
B - Retrobulbar abscess
Answers
1. A person calls to to say she adopt- A
ed a friend's dog and requests a
copy of the dog's medical record According to the AVMA's Principles of Veterinary Med-
and radiographs. The former own- ical Ethics (2008 revision)
er is a client at your clinic. Which
"Ethically, the information within veterinary medical
one of the following choices is the
records is considered privileged and confidential. It
most appropriate action to take?
must not be released except by court order or consent
A - Require original owner consent of the owner of the patient. Veterinarians should secure
or court order to release informa- a written release to document that request."
tion
B - Give caller a copy of medical
record only
C - Give caller a copy of medical
record and radiographs
D - After physical exam, start a new
medical record documenting previ-
ous issues
E - Give a summarized record
with personal identifiers (vet, own-
er names) blocked out
2. A 5 year old domestic short-haired B
spayed female cat is presented
with the complaints of anorexia, In cats, there is a common opening of the pancreat-
chronic vomiting, and weight loss. ic and common bile ducts into the duodenum. It is
thought that this may predispose them to ascending
Physical examination reveals cholangitis and pancreatitis after vomiting associated
icterus, dehydration, and fever. with inflammatory bowel disease, resulting in extra-
Thickened small intestinal loops hepatic biliary obstruction.
are appreciated with abdominal
palpation, and serum biochemistry Other possible etiologies of EHBO include neoplasia,
, NAVLE prep UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT
Answers
shows increased bilirubin and liver biliary stricture, duodenal obstruction, diaphragmatic
enzymes. hernia, and parasitic infection.
The cat is diagnosed with extra- In all cases, there is a lack of bile entry into the intestinal
hepatic biliary obstruction with ac- tract, leading to decreased absorption of fat and fat
companying cholangitis and in- soluble vitamins such as vitamin K, potentially resulting
flammatory bowel disease. Which in coagulopathies.
one of the following normal
anatomic features may predispose Except in transient cases that are related to acute pan-
cats to this triad of diseases? creatitis, surgical intervention to relieve the obstruction
is required as well as appropriate supportive care, an-
A - Narrowing of the duodenum timicrobial treatment, and vitamin K administration.
distal to the entry of the common
bile and pancreatic ducts
B - Common opening of the pan-
creatic and common bile ducts into
duodenum
C - Enlarged duodenal papilla in
comparison to other species
D - Decreased proportion of al-
pha-smooth muscle actin in mus-
cle fibers of the wall of the gall
bladder in cats
E - Decreased diameter and in-
creased branching of the hepat-
ic ducts in comparison to other
species
3. Most of a litter of European wild B
boar at a zoological park have died.
The surviving piglets are in later- Encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) is caused by a car-
al recumbency with a frothy nasal diovirus in the family picornaviridae. Confusingly, the
, NAVLE prep UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT
Answers
discharge. Necropsy of the piglets virus is named for its effects on mice.
reveals pulmonary edema and co- Think of rodents and exotic zoo mammals with EMCV.
pious fluid in the trachea and Pig-to-pig contact, contamination of swine feed and
bronchi along with grayish- white water by rodents or ingestion of dead rodents may
necrotic foci on the myocardium. cause disease. See pulmonary edema and copious
Which one of the following dis- transudate in the respiratory tract, causing cardiac fail-
eases is the most likely diagnosis? ure. Zoo outbreaks of EMCV have included lions, African
elephants, rhinos, hippos, sloths, llamas, antelope and
A - Edema disease nonhuman primates. An outbreak of lion deaths at a
B - Encephalomyocarditis Florida zoo in the USA occurred after feeding them the
C - Glasser's Disease carcass of an African elephant that had died of EMCV.
D - Porcine Respiratory and Repro-
ductive Syndrome Edema disease is a neurologic disease caused by a he-
E - Pseudorabies molytic Escherichia coli producing Shiga toxin e2 and
F18 pili resulting in high mortality in recently-weaned
pigs.
Glasser's Disease, caused by Hemophilus parasuis is
usually an acute disease of 6 to 8 week-old pigs which
causes fibrinous arthritis, polyserositis, and meningi-
tis.
Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome
(PRRS), is an arterivirus causing reproductive failure
and post-weaning respiratory disease.
4. What is the main mode of trans- D
mission for feline leukemia virus?
The correct answer is shedding of virus via saliva. The
A - Aerosol transmission main mode of transmission is via saliva. It requires
B - Shedding of virus via feces prolonged, close contact. Cats may shed the virus for
C - Fomite transmission months to years. Transmission may also occur through
D - Shedding of virus via saliva
, NAVLE prep UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT
Answers
reuse of instruments and blood. Virus is shed in saliva,
tears, urine, and feces.
5. You are working with a farmer who D
is having trouble with calves be-
tween the age of 2 weeks and 6 The correct answer is selenium deficiency. The pale
months. They are alert, but weak, muscle and clinical signs are classic for vitamin E and
dyspneic and die suddenly. On selenium deficiency. This is important to remember!
necropsy they have pale cardiac Other things that should be on your differential list for
and skeletal muscles. What is the this case include cardiotoxic plants.
farmer's problem?
A - Copper deficiency
B - Sorghum toxicity
C - Lightning strike
D - Selenium deficiency
6. A 6-year old intact male domes- B
tic short haired cat presents with
acute onset exophthalmos of the The answer is a retrobulbar abscess. Acute, painful
right eye in the past 2 days. He exophthalmos is usually due to retrobulbar absces-
is painful on palpation around sation. These lesions are usually painful and may be
his eye and head. The eye can swollen. These animals are frequently systemically ill
be retropulsed with minimal resis- with fever and leukocytosis. Causes of retrobulbar ab-
tance. He has not been eating in scesses include penetrating wounds, foreign bodies,
the past day and has a rectal tem- spread from dental or sinus infection, and hematoge-
perature of 103.4F (39.7 C). What is nous spread. Glaucoma does not cause exophthalmos,
the most likely diagnosis? although, chronically it can cause buphthalmos which
may appear similar. Anterior uveitis also does not cause
A - Orbital neoplasia exophthalmos.
B - Retrobulbar abscess
