NAVLE/VTNE Pain Management and Analgesia UPDATED
ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Answers
1. The veterinary technician can play an important role c.
in pain management by:
a. Monitoring urine and fecal output
b. Changing the medication when it is ineffective
c. Communicating directly with the clinician about par-
ticular concerns
d. Directing the veterinary assistant to provide med-
ications
2. Which of the following characteristics do cats exhibit b.
when they are experiencing pain?
a. Sleeping continuously, overeating, and atten-
tion-seeking behaviors
b. Resentment of being handled, aggression, and ab-
normal posture
c. Hyperactivity, pupillary enlargement, and tail swish-
ing
d. Hypotension, hypocapnia, hypopnea, and bradycar-
dia
3. During hospitalization, how often should a pain as- a.
sessment be perfomed?
a. Every 4-6 hours
b. Every 30 minutes to 1 hour
c. Every 12-24 hours
d. Every 8 hours
4. When a veterinary technician is trying to distinguish b.
pain from dysphoria, which of the following would the
technician do?
a. Place the patient on comfortable blankets
b. Speak in low tones and interacting with animal
, NAVLE/VTNE Pain Management and Analgesia UPDATED
ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Answers
makes the patient feel better, but behaviors resume
when interaction stops
c. Move the animal to a different ward
d. Reverse the analgesic medication
5. Which guidelines have elevated pain to the fourth vital c.
sign?
a. American College of Veterinary Anesthesiologist's
Pain Management Guidelines
b. The international Veterinary Academy of Pain Man-
agement's Guidelines
c. AAHA/AAFP Pain Management Guidelines for Dogs
and Cats
d. The AVMA Pain Management Guidelines
6. Nociception is defined as: a.
a. The activity in the peripheral pathway that transmits
and processes information about the stimulus to the
brain
b. A normal response to tissue damage
c. Pain without apparent biological origin that has
persisted beyond the normal tissue healing time
d. Any stimuli to the affected area that would normally
be innocuous that become noxious
7. What is the correct sequence of steps to the pain a.
pathway?
a. Transduction, transmission, modulation, percep-
tion
b. Modulation, Transduction, perception, transmis-
sion
c. Transduction, modulation, transmission, percep-
, NAVLE/VTNE Pain Management and Analgesia UPDATED
ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Answers
tion
d. Transmission, transduction, modulation, percep-
tion
8. Which of the following describes "wind-up"? d.
a. Increase in the excitability of spinal neurons, me-
diated in part by the activation of NMDA receptors in
dorsal horn neurons
b. It occurs when tissue inflammation leads to the
release of a complex array of chemical mediators, re-
sulting in reduced nociceptor thresholds
c. When brief trauma or noxious stimulus result in
physiological pain
d. The perceived increase in pain intensity with time
when a given painful stimulus is delivered repeatedly
in excess of a critical rate
9. Which of the following is an example of an opioid c.
agonist?
a. Butorphanol
b. Naloxone
c. Morphine
d. Buprenorphine
10. Prostaglandins play an important role in: d.
a. Production of endorphins
b. Mammalian cardiovascular physiology
c. Production of leukotrienes
d. Mammalian renal physiology
11. Which of the following is an NMDA antagonist medica- a.
tion?
a. Ketamine
, NAVLE/VTNE Pain Management and Analgesia UPDATED
ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Answers
b. Lidocaine
c. Meperidine
d. Dexmedetomidine
12. Which of the following classes of drugs would include c.
gabapentin?
a. Corticosteroids
b. Sodium channel blockers
c. Antiepileptics
d. Nutraceuticals
13. An example of an agent that is only administered top- b.
ically and provides analgesia is:
a. Buprenorphine
b. EMLA cream
c. Bupivicaine
d. Fentanyl
14. Which of the following statements can apply to an b.
intratesticular block?
a. Intratesticular blocks can only be used in large ani-
mal patients
b. Intratesticular blocks can be used in canine and
feline orchiectomies
c. Intratesticular blocks require the use of a vaporizer
d. Intratesticular blocks should never be performed
on veterinary patients
15. Many veterinary technicians are asked to calculate d.
and administer constant rate infusions, as patients
can benefit immensely. Which of the following state-
ments is not a benefit of a CRI?
a. CRIs provide a more stable plane of analgesia with
ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Answers
1. The veterinary technician can play an important role c.
in pain management by:
a. Monitoring urine and fecal output
b. Changing the medication when it is ineffective
c. Communicating directly with the clinician about par-
ticular concerns
d. Directing the veterinary assistant to provide med-
ications
2. Which of the following characteristics do cats exhibit b.
when they are experiencing pain?
a. Sleeping continuously, overeating, and atten-
tion-seeking behaviors
b. Resentment of being handled, aggression, and ab-
normal posture
c. Hyperactivity, pupillary enlargement, and tail swish-
ing
d. Hypotension, hypocapnia, hypopnea, and bradycar-
dia
3. During hospitalization, how often should a pain as- a.
sessment be perfomed?
a. Every 4-6 hours
b. Every 30 minutes to 1 hour
c. Every 12-24 hours
d. Every 8 hours
4. When a veterinary technician is trying to distinguish b.
pain from dysphoria, which of the following would the
technician do?
a. Place the patient on comfortable blankets
b. Speak in low tones and interacting with animal
, NAVLE/VTNE Pain Management and Analgesia UPDATED
ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Answers
makes the patient feel better, but behaviors resume
when interaction stops
c. Move the animal to a different ward
d. Reverse the analgesic medication
5. Which guidelines have elevated pain to the fourth vital c.
sign?
a. American College of Veterinary Anesthesiologist's
Pain Management Guidelines
b. The international Veterinary Academy of Pain Man-
agement's Guidelines
c. AAHA/AAFP Pain Management Guidelines for Dogs
and Cats
d. The AVMA Pain Management Guidelines
6. Nociception is defined as: a.
a. The activity in the peripheral pathway that transmits
and processes information about the stimulus to the
brain
b. A normal response to tissue damage
c. Pain without apparent biological origin that has
persisted beyond the normal tissue healing time
d. Any stimuli to the affected area that would normally
be innocuous that become noxious
7. What is the correct sequence of steps to the pain a.
pathway?
a. Transduction, transmission, modulation, percep-
tion
b. Modulation, Transduction, perception, transmis-
sion
c. Transduction, modulation, transmission, percep-
, NAVLE/VTNE Pain Management and Analgesia UPDATED
ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Answers
tion
d. Transmission, transduction, modulation, percep-
tion
8. Which of the following describes "wind-up"? d.
a. Increase in the excitability of spinal neurons, me-
diated in part by the activation of NMDA receptors in
dorsal horn neurons
b. It occurs when tissue inflammation leads to the
release of a complex array of chemical mediators, re-
sulting in reduced nociceptor thresholds
c. When brief trauma or noxious stimulus result in
physiological pain
d. The perceived increase in pain intensity with time
when a given painful stimulus is delivered repeatedly
in excess of a critical rate
9. Which of the following is an example of an opioid c.
agonist?
a. Butorphanol
b. Naloxone
c. Morphine
d. Buprenorphine
10. Prostaglandins play an important role in: d.
a. Production of endorphins
b. Mammalian cardiovascular physiology
c. Production of leukotrienes
d. Mammalian renal physiology
11. Which of the following is an NMDA antagonist medica- a.
tion?
a. Ketamine
, NAVLE/VTNE Pain Management and Analgesia UPDATED
ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Answers
b. Lidocaine
c. Meperidine
d. Dexmedetomidine
12. Which of the following classes of drugs would include c.
gabapentin?
a. Corticosteroids
b. Sodium channel blockers
c. Antiepileptics
d. Nutraceuticals
13. An example of an agent that is only administered top- b.
ically and provides analgesia is:
a. Buprenorphine
b. EMLA cream
c. Bupivicaine
d. Fentanyl
14. Which of the following statements can apply to an b.
intratesticular block?
a. Intratesticular blocks can only be used in large ani-
mal patients
b. Intratesticular blocks can be used in canine and
feline orchiectomies
c. Intratesticular blocks require the use of a vaporizer
d. Intratesticular blocks should never be performed
on veterinary patients
15. Many veterinary technicians are asked to calculate d.
and administer constant rate infusions, as patients
can benefit immensely. Which of the following state-
ments is not a benefit of a CRI?
a. CRIs provide a more stable plane of analgesia with
