Psych 130 Goff Final UCLA UPDATED ACTUAL Questions
and CORRECT Answers
1. emotion an inferred complex sequence of reactions to stimulus including cognitive eval-
uations, subjective changes, autonomic & neural arousal, impulses to action, and
behavior designed to have an effect upon the stimulus that initiated the complex
sequence
- inferred, reactive, and functional
2. temperament stable individual differences in quality and intensity our internal and external
responses to our environment that : emerge early in life, show some stability over
time, and show evidence of heritability
3. Thomas and identified three basic temperaments for infants; diflcult ("Fesity"), slow to warm
Chess ("Fearful"), and easy ("Flexible")
4. flexible One of thomas& chess' temperament profiles; characterized by regular rhythms,
positive mood, adaptability, low intensity; around 40% of children
5. fearful One of thomas& chess' temperament profiles; characterized by withdrawal and
slow adaptability; around 15% of children
6. feisty One of thomas& chess' temperament profiles; characterized by: active, intense,
distractible, sensitive, irregular; around 10% of children
7. Rothbart Researcher who focused on both positive and negative emotionality, using a
spectra of reactivity and regulation
8. low, high reactivity and regulation children are those who are more
fearful and controlled, not easily impressed by pos. or neg. events, and maintain
high level of self-regulation
9. high, high reactivity and regulation children are easily impressed by
events in their environment but can self-regulate and use their excitement toward
goal-directed behavior
10. low, low
, Psych 130 Goff Final UCLA UPDATED ACTUAL Questions
and CORRECT Answers
reactivity and regulation children appear to be with-
drawn, not excited by their surroundings, and not directed into any intentional
program of action
11. high, low reactivity and regulation children run the risk of develop-
ing attention or hyperactivity problems. Stimulation can easily excited them, but
they lack the self-regulation to use excitement toward goals
12. Kagan Researcher who studied temperament in terms of behavioral inhibition; the ex-
tremes of the uninhibited and inhibited profiles showed the most stability over
time
13. inhibited one of Kagan's profiles; at 1-2 mos, these children were upset at novel stimuli; at
1-2 yrs, they were shy and fearful of unfamiliar situations, people, toys; at 4-5 yrs,
there was little talking or smiling with strangers
14. uninhibited one of Kagan's profiles; at 1-2 mos, they showed no negative reaction to novelty;
at 1-2 yrs, they had little fear of new situations or people; at 4-5 yrs, they showed
spontaneous talking and smiling with strangers
15. heterotypic con- The reflection of the consistency of fundamental differences in personality that
tinuity changes with age; e.g., the emotionally fragile child will act differently than the
emotionally fragile adult, but the underlying trait is the same; the amygdala is the
long term mediator of this !!
16. Amygdala devel- Basic neuroanatomical architecture is present at birth; volumetric growth is com-
opment plete by age 4 in girls; animal studies suggest that the most rapid rate of devel-
opment is within the postnatal period
17. inhibited the profile from Kagan showed more reactivity in the amygdala
upon seeing novel stimuli
18. social referenc- reading emotional cues in others to help determine how to act in a particular
ing situation
, Psych 130 Goff Final UCLA UPDATED ACTUAL Questions
and CORRECT Answers
19. prefrontal cortex responsible for top-down regulation; it can facilitate or attenuate the amygdala
during affect regulation in adults
20. bottom-up regulation is a reflexive/automatic process that activates the amyg-
dala
21. easier people rate that it is to increase negative emotion toward a photo
because this involves the amygdala, a reflexive process that is faster
22. prefrontal cortex decreasing negative emotion toward a photo involves the and is
more diflcult/slower because it requires cognitive effort
23. genetic Mary Schneider's prenatal stress study suggested that temperament is NOT ALL
24. attachment an emotional tie with another person characterized by mutual affection and a
desire to maintain proximity
25. Harlow researcher that highlighted the importance of physical contact comfort in the
formation of attachments with parents (monkeys with cloth vs. wire mothers)
26. Bowlby researcher who proposed Attachment Theory
27. attachment theo- posits that children are predisposed to develop attachments with caregivers as a
ry means of increasing the chances of their own survival
28. secure base Bowlby's term for an attachment figure's presence that provides an infant or
toddler with a sense of security that makes it possible for the infant to explore
the environment
29. asocial phase (0-6 weeks)
no particular preference for social stimuli
(attachment theory)
and CORRECT Answers
1. emotion an inferred complex sequence of reactions to stimulus including cognitive eval-
uations, subjective changes, autonomic & neural arousal, impulses to action, and
behavior designed to have an effect upon the stimulus that initiated the complex
sequence
- inferred, reactive, and functional
2. temperament stable individual differences in quality and intensity our internal and external
responses to our environment that : emerge early in life, show some stability over
time, and show evidence of heritability
3. Thomas and identified three basic temperaments for infants; diflcult ("Fesity"), slow to warm
Chess ("Fearful"), and easy ("Flexible")
4. flexible One of thomas& chess' temperament profiles; characterized by regular rhythms,
positive mood, adaptability, low intensity; around 40% of children
5. fearful One of thomas& chess' temperament profiles; characterized by withdrawal and
slow adaptability; around 15% of children
6. feisty One of thomas& chess' temperament profiles; characterized by: active, intense,
distractible, sensitive, irregular; around 10% of children
7. Rothbart Researcher who focused on both positive and negative emotionality, using a
spectra of reactivity and regulation
8. low, high reactivity and regulation children are those who are more
fearful and controlled, not easily impressed by pos. or neg. events, and maintain
high level of self-regulation
9. high, high reactivity and regulation children are easily impressed by
events in their environment but can self-regulate and use their excitement toward
goal-directed behavior
10. low, low
, Psych 130 Goff Final UCLA UPDATED ACTUAL Questions
and CORRECT Answers
reactivity and regulation children appear to be with-
drawn, not excited by their surroundings, and not directed into any intentional
program of action
11. high, low reactivity and regulation children run the risk of develop-
ing attention or hyperactivity problems. Stimulation can easily excited them, but
they lack the self-regulation to use excitement toward goals
12. Kagan Researcher who studied temperament in terms of behavioral inhibition; the ex-
tremes of the uninhibited and inhibited profiles showed the most stability over
time
13. inhibited one of Kagan's profiles; at 1-2 mos, these children were upset at novel stimuli; at
1-2 yrs, they were shy and fearful of unfamiliar situations, people, toys; at 4-5 yrs,
there was little talking or smiling with strangers
14. uninhibited one of Kagan's profiles; at 1-2 mos, they showed no negative reaction to novelty;
at 1-2 yrs, they had little fear of new situations or people; at 4-5 yrs, they showed
spontaneous talking and smiling with strangers
15. heterotypic con- The reflection of the consistency of fundamental differences in personality that
tinuity changes with age; e.g., the emotionally fragile child will act differently than the
emotionally fragile adult, but the underlying trait is the same; the amygdala is the
long term mediator of this !!
16. Amygdala devel- Basic neuroanatomical architecture is present at birth; volumetric growth is com-
opment plete by age 4 in girls; animal studies suggest that the most rapid rate of devel-
opment is within the postnatal period
17. inhibited the profile from Kagan showed more reactivity in the amygdala
upon seeing novel stimuli
18. social referenc- reading emotional cues in others to help determine how to act in a particular
ing situation
, Psych 130 Goff Final UCLA UPDATED ACTUAL Questions
and CORRECT Answers
19. prefrontal cortex responsible for top-down regulation; it can facilitate or attenuate the amygdala
during affect regulation in adults
20. bottom-up regulation is a reflexive/automatic process that activates the amyg-
dala
21. easier people rate that it is to increase negative emotion toward a photo
because this involves the amygdala, a reflexive process that is faster
22. prefrontal cortex decreasing negative emotion toward a photo involves the and is
more diflcult/slower because it requires cognitive effort
23. genetic Mary Schneider's prenatal stress study suggested that temperament is NOT ALL
24. attachment an emotional tie with another person characterized by mutual affection and a
desire to maintain proximity
25. Harlow researcher that highlighted the importance of physical contact comfort in the
formation of attachments with parents (monkeys with cloth vs. wire mothers)
26. Bowlby researcher who proposed Attachment Theory
27. attachment theo- posits that children are predisposed to develop attachments with caregivers as a
ry means of increasing the chances of their own survival
28. secure base Bowlby's term for an attachment figure's presence that provides an infant or
toddler with a sense of security that makes it possible for the infant to explore
the environment
29. asocial phase (0-6 weeks)
no particular preference for social stimuli
(attachment theory)
