CRAT PRACTICE EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS | ALREADY GRADED A+RECENT VERSION

CRAT PRACTICE EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS | ALREADY GRADED A+RECENT VERSION 1. Stroke Volume - answer the amount of blood left ventricle pumps in each beat. (mL/beat) 2. Cardiac output- definition - answer The amount of blood pumped into the aorta each minute. (units= mL/min) 3. Cardiac output- equation - answer (HR) X (Stroke Volume) Avg. healthy adult= 4-8 L/min 4. Venous return - answer amount of blood flowing into the right heart from the systemic ciruclation 5. Blood Pressure- definition - answer force exerted by the blood against the walls of the arteries as the ventricles contract and relax 6. Blood pressure- equation - answer (cardiac output) X (peripheral resistance) or you could put it another way: (HR)(Stroke Volume)(Peripheral Resistance) 7. An increase in Potassium or decrease in Calcium cause the heart to be ____. - answer flaccid, limp, dilated, lower HR 8. Excess Calcium can cause the heart to be _____. - answer spastic contractions. 9. Although about 70% of ventricular filling occurs passively, ______ ______ contributes an additional 10% to 30% of blood flow to ventricular filling. - answer atrial kick 10. The area in the middle of the thoracic cavity in which the heart lies is the: - answer Mediastinum 11. The inferior surface of the heart is formed by the - answer Right and left ventricles 12. Receives blood from the superior and inferior vena cavae and the coronary sinus - answer The right atrium 13. The right ventricle - answer Pumps unoxygenated blood into the pulmonary circulation 14. The _____ pericardium is the inner layer of the pericardium, which is also the outer layer of the heart wall called the _____. - answer Visceral, epicardium 15. When a ventricle relaxes in the normal heart, blood is prevented from flowing back into it by - answer A semilunar valve 16. Which of the following conditions are potentially reversible? - answer Myocardial ischemia and myocardial injury 17. Which of the following is the innermost layer of the heart that lines its inner chambers, valves and is continuous with the innermost layers of the arteries, veins and capillaries of the body? - answer Endocardium 18. Which of the following statements is CORRECT - answer A branch of the right coronary artery supplies the right atrium and the right ventricle 19. The main electrolytes that affect cardiac function are - answer Sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium 20. When an ECG machine is properly calibrated, a 1-millivolt (mV) electrical signal will produce a deflection measuring exactly ______ tall. - answer Ten millimeters 21. The ST segment is measured from - answer The end of the QRS to the beginning of the T wave 22. Where is the positive electrode placed in Lead III? - answer Left leg/foot 23. Five large boxes, each consisting of five small boxes, represent _____ on ECG paper. - answer One second 24. Another term for ventricular escape rhythm - answer Idioventricular Rhythm (IVR) 25. Agonal rhythm - answer IVR with HR 20 bpm 26. HR for IVR (ventricular escape rhythm) - answer 20-40 bpm 27. Signs and symptoms experienced during a tachydysrhythmia are usually primarily related to: - answer Decreased ventricular filling time and stroke volume 28. The most common type of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) - answer AV nodal reentrant tachycarida (AVNRT) 29. Which of the following rhythm originates in the SA node and is commonly phasic with breathing? - answer Sinus arrhythmia 30. HR Range: Idioventricular, Acc Idioventricular, and Vtach - answer 20-40, 41-100, 101+ 31. HR Range: Juncitonal, Acc Junctional, and Junctional Tach - answer 40-60, 61-100, 101+ 32. Intrinsic rate of SA node - answer 60-100 bpm 33. Intrinsic rate of AV node - answer 40-60 bpm 34. Intrinsic rate of Purkinje fibers (ventricles) - answer 20-40 bpm 35. 2 types of v-tach - answer monomorphic (all the same) and polymorphic (looks like a spindle) 36. Torsades de Pointes is a type of ______ ______ - answer poltmorphic v-tach 37. Rhythm that has no pattern at all. Waveforms cannot be identified. - answer V-fib 38. If R is far from P, then you have - answer 1st degree 39. Longer, longer, longer, drop, then you have a - answer Wenckebache (mobitz 1, 2nd degree type 1) 40. If some p's don't get through, then you have a - answer Mobitz 2 (2nd degree type 2) 41. If p's and r's dont agree, then you have a - answer 3rd degree 42. The two types of blocks where PR intervals are all identical - answer 1st degree, and 2nd degree type 2 43. A 3rd degree block will either be ______ with a narrow QRS or _____ with a wide QRS. - answer Junctional or ventricular. And PR interval has no consistency. 44. A ____ pause follows a PAC. - answer incomplete. SA node resets its rhythm. 45. A ____ pause follows a PVC. - answer complete. Before and after premature beat is the same as 2 r-r intervals