K101 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE| 300 QUESTIONS & CORREC
VERIFIED ANSWERS| LATEST 2025 UPDATE
1. 1. In a single molecule of water, the two hydrogen atoms are bonded to a
single oxygen atom by ANS >> polar covalent bonds.
2. 2. Stanley Miller's 1953 experiments demonstrated conclusively that ANS >>
organic molecules can be synthesized abiotically under conditions that may have existed on early Earth.
3. 3. What do the four 'elements of life' -carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitro-
gen-have in common? ANS >> They all have unpaired electrons in their valence shells.
4. 4. Using the functional group diagram at right answer A - E which of the
following is incorrectly matched? ANS >>
A = amino group
B = thiol group
C = carbonyl (aldehyde)
D= organic phosphate
E= carboxyl group ANS >> E= carboxyl group
5. 5. Water is able to form hydrogen bonds because ANS >> the bonds that hold together the
atoms in a water molecule are polar covalent bonds
6. 6. Which functional group shown at right is ANS >>
n?: C. Carboxyl
i) is an acidic functional group that can release H+ into a solutio
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, 7. 6. Which functional group shown at right is ANS >>
ii) a basic functional group that can accept H+? ANS >> D. Amine
8. 6. Which functional group shown at right is ANS >>
iii) can exist as a ketone or aldehyde configuration? ANS >> B. Carbonyl
9. 6. Which functional group shown at right is ANS >>
iv) a characteristic of alcohols? ANS >> A. Hydroxyl
10. 6. Which functional group shown at right is ANS >>
r between
v) helps stabilize proteins by forming covalent cross-links within o
protein molecules? ANS >> E. Sulfhydryl
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, 11. 7. Which modifications of fatty acids will best keep triglycerides solid at
warmer temperatures? ANS >> adding hydrogens to the fatty acids
12. 8. A comparison of saturated and naturally occurring unsaturated fats re-
veals that the unsaturated fats are at room temperature and have
ANS >> ANS >> Liquids; cis double bonds
13. 9. A molecule with four joined rings that is the precursor of vertebrate
sex hormones (See Box 4.in figure below) and is also found in the vertebrate
phospholipid bilayer is ANS >> ANS >> cholesterol
14. 10. A molecule with the formula C18H36O2 is probably a , where one with
the formula C6H12O6 is probably a ANS >> fatty acid and monosaccharide, respectively
15. 11. Match the molecules shown below and to the right
a. cholesterol. ANS >> 4
16. 11. Match the molecules shown below and to the right
b. dipeptide. ANS >> 5
17. 11. Match the molecules shown below and to the right
c. saturated fatty acid. ANS >> 3
18. 11. Match the molecules shown below and to the right
d. polyunsaturated fatty acid. ANS >> 2
19. 11. Match the molecules shown below and to the right
e. glucose. ANS >> 1
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, 20. 12. Which of the following statements is/are true regarding ch
tion (5) illustrated above? ANS >> It results in a peptide bond. emical reac-
21. 13. A bond that forms by joining monomers (such as nucleotides or amino
acids) into polymers (such as DNA or insulin) is a(n) ANS >> ANS >> Covalent bond
22. 14. Polysaccharides, triacylglycerides, and proteins are similar in that they
ANS >> -
are synthesized from subunits by dehydration reactions.
23. 15. Match the following parts of the cell to its function
i) Nucleus ANS >> C. Site transcription of mRNA and tRNA for protein synthesis
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VERIFIED ANSWERS| LATEST 2025 UPDATE
1. 1. In a single molecule of water, the two hydrogen atoms are bonded to a
single oxygen atom by ANS >> polar covalent bonds.
2. 2. Stanley Miller's 1953 experiments demonstrated conclusively that ANS >>
organic molecules can be synthesized abiotically under conditions that may have existed on early Earth.
3. 3. What do the four 'elements of life' -carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitro-
gen-have in common? ANS >> They all have unpaired electrons in their valence shells.
4. 4. Using the functional group diagram at right answer A - E which of the
following is incorrectly matched? ANS >>
A = amino group
B = thiol group
C = carbonyl (aldehyde)
D= organic phosphate
E= carboxyl group ANS >> E= carboxyl group
5. 5. Water is able to form hydrogen bonds because ANS >> the bonds that hold together the
atoms in a water molecule are polar covalent bonds
6. 6. Which functional group shown at right is ANS >>
n?: C. Carboxyl
i) is an acidic functional group that can release H+ into a solutio
https://www.stuvia.com/user/Mboffin
, 7. 6. Which functional group shown at right is ANS >>
ii) a basic functional group that can accept H+? ANS >> D. Amine
8. 6. Which functional group shown at right is ANS >>
iii) can exist as a ketone or aldehyde configuration? ANS >> B. Carbonyl
9. 6. Which functional group shown at right is ANS >>
iv) a characteristic of alcohols? ANS >> A. Hydroxyl
10. 6. Which functional group shown at right is ANS >>
r between
v) helps stabilize proteins by forming covalent cross-links within o
protein molecules? ANS >> E. Sulfhydryl
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, 11. 7. Which modifications of fatty acids will best keep triglycerides solid at
warmer temperatures? ANS >> adding hydrogens to the fatty acids
12. 8. A comparison of saturated and naturally occurring unsaturated fats re-
veals that the unsaturated fats are at room temperature and have
ANS >> ANS >> Liquids; cis double bonds
13. 9. A molecule with four joined rings that is the precursor of vertebrate
sex hormones (See Box 4.in figure below) and is also found in the vertebrate
phospholipid bilayer is ANS >> ANS >> cholesterol
14. 10. A molecule with the formula C18H36O2 is probably a , where one with
the formula C6H12O6 is probably a ANS >> fatty acid and monosaccharide, respectively
15. 11. Match the molecules shown below and to the right
a. cholesterol. ANS >> 4
16. 11. Match the molecules shown below and to the right
b. dipeptide. ANS >> 5
17. 11. Match the molecules shown below and to the right
c. saturated fatty acid. ANS >> 3
18. 11. Match the molecules shown below and to the right
d. polyunsaturated fatty acid. ANS >> 2
19. 11. Match the molecules shown below and to the right
e. glucose. ANS >> 1
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, 20. 12. Which of the following statements is/are true regarding ch
tion (5) illustrated above? ANS >> It results in a peptide bond. emical reac-
21. 13. A bond that forms by joining monomers (such as nucleotides or amino
acids) into polymers (such as DNA or insulin) is a(n) ANS >> ANS >> Covalent bond
22. 14. Polysaccharides, triacylglycerides, and proteins are similar in that they
ANS >> -
are synthesized from subunits by dehydration reactions.
23. 15. Match the following parts of the cell to its function
i) Nucleus ANS >> C. Site transcription of mRNA and tRNA for protein synthesis
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