IOP2601 Assignment 3 Semester 2 Memo | Due 22 September 2025

, PLEASE USE THIS DOCUMENT AS A GUIDE TO ANSWER YOUR ASSIGNMENT

 QUESTION 1

1. State whether the following statements are true or false. For those answered as false, provide
the correct explanation.

1.1. A Type II error is made by rejecting the null hypothesis when it is in fact true.

 False. A Type II error occurs when we fail to reject the null hypothesis when it is actually false
(Tredoux, C. & Durrheim, K. 2019. p. 267).

1.2. ANOVA allows testing for differences across more than two group means and can evaluate
the impact of multiple independent variables.

 True. ANOVA is used to test differences between means of more than two groups and can
handle designs with more than one independent variable (Tredoux, C. & Durrheim, K. 2019. p.
289).

1.3. The acronym ANOVA stands for analysis of variables.

 False. ANOVA stands for Analysis of Variance (Tredoux, C. & Durrheim, K. 2019. p. 289).

1.4. A Type I error happens when the null hypothesis is not rejected despite it being false.

 False. A Type I error occurs when the null hypothesis is rejected when it is true, not when it is
false (Tredoux, C. & Durrheim, K. 2019. p. 267).

1.5. The Chi-Square test is typically used to assess the association between two categorical
variables.

 True. The Chi-Square test is used to assess associations between categorical variables (Tredoux,
C. & Durrheim, K. 2019. p. 472).