AP Human Geography: Geography Elaborations
Exam with Questions and 100% Correct
Answers/ Graded A+
Unit 1
Topography: Physical features, examples include mountains, Hills, cities, oceans, rivers.
Elevation: Places with high elevation have colder climates for example of elevation would be
36,000 feet above the ground.
Distance decay: When distance increases in a certain area two places seperate, physical
barriers, cultural barriers.
Time space compression: things that make things closer like globalization, transportation,
increase sense of connectivity.
Environmental determinism: Happened in the 18th century, it is the belief that climate landforms
are the most powerful forces shaping human behavior and societal/cultural development.
Possibilism: natural landscape that is modified by humans for human needs. Some places
power gas and water supply, others are helpful to grow things.
Cultural ecology: interactions between societies and their local environments.
Expansion diffusion: Ideas or practices spread throughout a population, from area to area, in a
snowballing process.
,Hierarchical diffusion: ideas leapfrog from one important person, community, or city to another,
bypassing other people's community or rural area.
Contagious diffusion: The wavelike spread ideas in the manner. Moving throughout space.
Relocation diffusion: Occurs when individuals or groups with a particular idea or practice
migrate
from one location or another, bringing idea or practice to their new homeland.
Types of scale analysis:
Global - the whole world what things can be traded at a global scale.
Regional - They might analyze the europe area like what might the difference be between EU
and non EU countries.
National - two countries from the same region geographers understand why one might be doing
better. Each country has a different scale.
Local - Shows the country with cities and states, for example Germany and states and cities
there.
Reference maps: emphasize location of place without using data.
Thematic maps: have data and still show location of place,
Absolute distance: Describe distance in quantitative terms Ex: Miles, Kilometers etc….
Relative distance: describe distance in qualitative terms. Ex: 10 minute to the west.
, Mercator projection - Useful for navigation
Peter projection - Greatly distorts shape but shows equal projection.
Robinson projector- Most visually appealing representation by not having so much distortions.
Good holosine projector - two sections and created a interruption
Polar projector- Shows north and south poles, Used to predict how close a country is.
Spatial distribution-
unit 2:
Anti natalist: decrease fertility rate and slow down population growth. Propaganda used to
encourage later marriages, Rewards and discounts given on items.
Pro natalist: Increase fertility rate, propaganda used ethnic & national pride.
New malthusians: Theory that earth's resources cannot only sustain a finite population.
Decrease CBR in developed countries. Overconsumption.
Boseps claim: Food supply impacted by population growth, As pop increases humans will
develop new technologies to also increase production of food supplies.
Intervening obstacles: Barriers that hold migrants back from travel.
Intervening opportunities: causes migrants to voluntarily stop traveling.
(DTM): 5 stages talks about development.
Exam with Questions and 100% Correct
Answers/ Graded A+
Unit 1
Topography: Physical features, examples include mountains, Hills, cities, oceans, rivers.
Elevation: Places with high elevation have colder climates for example of elevation would be
36,000 feet above the ground.
Distance decay: When distance increases in a certain area two places seperate, physical
barriers, cultural barriers.
Time space compression: things that make things closer like globalization, transportation,
increase sense of connectivity.
Environmental determinism: Happened in the 18th century, it is the belief that climate landforms
are the most powerful forces shaping human behavior and societal/cultural development.
Possibilism: natural landscape that is modified by humans for human needs. Some places
power gas and water supply, others are helpful to grow things.
Cultural ecology: interactions between societies and their local environments.
Expansion diffusion: Ideas or practices spread throughout a population, from area to area, in a
snowballing process.
,Hierarchical diffusion: ideas leapfrog from one important person, community, or city to another,
bypassing other people's community or rural area.
Contagious diffusion: The wavelike spread ideas in the manner. Moving throughout space.
Relocation diffusion: Occurs when individuals or groups with a particular idea or practice
migrate
from one location or another, bringing idea or practice to their new homeland.
Types of scale analysis:
Global - the whole world what things can be traded at a global scale.
Regional - They might analyze the europe area like what might the difference be between EU
and non EU countries.
National - two countries from the same region geographers understand why one might be doing
better. Each country has a different scale.
Local - Shows the country with cities and states, for example Germany and states and cities
there.
Reference maps: emphasize location of place without using data.
Thematic maps: have data and still show location of place,
Absolute distance: Describe distance in quantitative terms Ex: Miles, Kilometers etc….
Relative distance: describe distance in qualitative terms. Ex: 10 minute to the west.
, Mercator projection - Useful for navigation
Peter projection - Greatly distorts shape but shows equal projection.
Robinson projector- Most visually appealing representation by not having so much distortions.
Good holosine projector - two sections and created a interruption
Polar projector- Shows north and south poles, Used to predict how close a country is.
Spatial distribution-
unit 2:
Anti natalist: decrease fertility rate and slow down population growth. Propaganda used to
encourage later marriages, Rewards and discounts given on items.
Pro natalist: Increase fertility rate, propaganda used ethnic & national pride.
New malthusians: Theory that earth's resources cannot only sustain a finite population.
Decrease CBR in developed countries. Overconsumption.
Boseps claim: Food supply impacted by population growth, As pop increases humans will
develop new technologies to also increase production of food supplies.
Intervening obstacles: Barriers that hold migrants back from travel.
Intervening opportunities: causes migrants to voluntarily stop traveling.
(DTM): 5 stages talks about development.
