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NURS 611 EXAM 1 PATHO ACTUAL EXAM AND TEST BANK COMPLETE 150
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES|ALREADY
GRADED A+
How is patient orientation with dementia? - ......ANSWER........intact early, impaired late
Hydrostatic pressure - ......ANSWER........-normal hydrostatic pressure maintains fluid
balance
-balances oncotic pressure
-influenced by the cardiac system
-cause of edema
Hyperplasia - ......ANSWER........increase in number of cells
compensatory (liver) or pathological
Hypertrophy - ......ANSWER........increase in size of cell
Incidence rate - ......ANSWER........number of new cases of a disease reported during a
specific period (typically 1yr) divided by number of individuals in population
incomplete penetrance - ......ANSWER........the individuals who have a disease-causing
allele may not exhibit the disease phenotype at all, though may be transmitted to the next
generation
Is bipolar disorder environmental or genetic? - ......ANSWER........both are factors
,2 of 24
disease caused by alterations in neurotransmitters
Is cerebral edema always bad? - ......ANSWER........No! edema can be part of the healing
process and is associated with inflammation
Is potassium higher is the ECF or ICF? - ......ANSWER........Potassium higher in ICF
Is sodium higher in the ECF or ICF? - ......ANSWER........Sodium higher in ECF
Leading Cause of Stroke - ......ANSWER........HTN
Lymphatic flow - ......ANSWER........blockage in the lymph system
Lysosomes - ......ANSWER........maintain cellular health
- efficient removal of toxic cellular components
-if damaged, will release and cause AUTODIGESTION
-removal of useless organelles
- signals cellular adaptation
Main cause of diffuse brain injury? - ......ANSWER........acceleration-deceleration of the
head (high-speed MVC)
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causes shearing forces on the brains white matter tracts, damages the axons at the
junction of the gray and white matter
Main types of cell death? - ......ANSWER........apoptosis and necrosis
Malignant Hyperthermia - ......ANSWER........genetic disorder that causes skeletal muscle
to hyper metabolize when exposed to triggering agents (use inhaled halogenated
anesthetics)
-involves Ca being released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum of skeletal muscle, which
accelerates biochemical reactions and causes sever muscle contractions; resultant
respiratory and metabolic acidosis causes tachypnea
Metaplasia - ......ANSWER........replacement of cells with a different type
MG onset? - ......ANSWER........insidious onset
often appear during pregnancy or postpartum, or with certain anesthetics
MG symptoms? - ......ANSWER........exertional fatigue, weakness worsening with activity
improving with rest, recurs with resumption of activity
recent history of recurrent upper respiratory infections
muscle groups eyes, face, mouth, throat, neck first
diplopia, ptosis, ocular palsies
poor chewing, swallowing, speech
NURS 611 EXAM 1 PATHO ACTUAL EXAM AND TEST BANK COMPLETE 150
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES|ALREADY
GRADED A+
How is patient orientation with dementia? - ......ANSWER........intact early, impaired late
Hydrostatic pressure - ......ANSWER........-normal hydrostatic pressure maintains fluid
balance
-balances oncotic pressure
-influenced by the cardiac system
-cause of edema
Hyperplasia - ......ANSWER........increase in number of cells
compensatory (liver) or pathological
Hypertrophy - ......ANSWER........increase in size of cell
Incidence rate - ......ANSWER........number of new cases of a disease reported during a
specific period (typically 1yr) divided by number of individuals in population
incomplete penetrance - ......ANSWER........the individuals who have a disease-causing
allele may not exhibit the disease phenotype at all, though may be transmitted to the next
generation
Is bipolar disorder environmental or genetic? - ......ANSWER........both are factors
,2 of 24
disease caused by alterations in neurotransmitters
Is cerebral edema always bad? - ......ANSWER........No! edema can be part of the healing
process and is associated with inflammation
Is potassium higher is the ECF or ICF? - ......ANSWER........Potassium higher in ICF
Is sodium higher in the ECF or ICF? - ......ANSWER........Sodium higher in ECF
Leading Cause of Stroke - ......ANSWER........HTN
Lymphatic flow - ......ANSWER........blockage in the lymph system
Lysosomes - ......ANSWER........maintain cellular health
- efficient removal of toxic cellular components
-if damaged, will release and cause AUTODIGESTION
-removal of useless organelles
- signals cellular adaptation
Main cause of diffuse brain injury? - ......ANSWER........acceleration-deceleration of the
head (high-speed MVC)
, 3 of 24
causes shearing forces on the brains white matter tracts, damages the axons at the
junction of the gray and white matter
Main types of cell death? - ......ANSWER........apoptosis and necrosis
Malignant Hyperthermia - ......ANSWER........genetic disorder that causes skeletal muscle
to hyper metabolize when exposed to triggering agents (use inhaled halogenated
anesthetics)
-involves Ca being released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum of skeletal muscle, which
accelerates biochemical reactions and causes sever muscle contractions; resultant
respiratory and metabolic acidosis causes tachypnea
Metaplasia - ......ANSWER........replacement of cells with a different type
MG onset? - ......ANSWER........insidious onset
often appear during pregnancy or postpartum, or with certain anesthetics
MG symptoms? - ......ANSWER........exertional fatigue, weakness worsening with activity
improving with rest, recurs with resumption of activity
recent history of recurrent upper respiratory infections
muscle groups eyes, face, mouth, throat, neck first
diplopia, ptosis, ocular palsies
poor chewing, swallowing, speech
