Bio Exam 3
Lecture 15
all genes Mendeled study on dif chromosomes
Thomas Morgan fruit flies didn't tintatentieted
getsame results reciprocal cross dit genders
eye color is sex linked
Stevens discovered sex chromo XXXY
Mendel theory was amended
non mendelianinheritance genes on dit chromosomes
RNApolymerase binds to 3 on template strand
RNA A U F A C G G C
transcription happensbased ontemplate strands
coding strand complimentary to template strand MRNA complimentary too
coding mRNA are identical to eachother
translation ribosome bindsto single stranded minna t reads the mrna t makes
threebases codon codes for a a
every cell on earth starts with methyanine
stopcodon code for amino acid DONOT COUNT IT
start counting at AUG do count start codon
starting with same letter helps prevent mutation
Feiffonienninesis
Point mutation alters one or small bases
chromosomal mutation alters large segment of DNA
write air t.in iti atiisinFntiiasncara
, d 101 a 0
conservative mild effect
promoter t termination signaldon't code for aA
upstream direction opp
downstreamsame direction RNApolymerase is moving
transcription factor helps RNA I recognize the promoter t helps bind to start
nucleotides upstream from 1
transcription critical regions 3 t 107
cyclins t edk cause cell division makescells gointo next cycle phase
Termination signal has to be transcribed
caused by physical separation
PremRNA in eukaryotes needs to be processed before translationcanoccur
processing
prokaryotes mRNA no
1exons regions codefor protein spliced together
2introns don'tcode notneeded to makeprotein soget spliced out removed
spliceosome lotssmallnuclear ribonucleoproteins RNAtproteins bindintronstogethercut then splice
andbond exons together
In nucleus
no ribosome in nucleus onlyin cytoplasm
mature mRNA travels thrunucleus NPcomplex nuclearring cytoplasmic ringsrough Ek
stomach t skincell sameperson identical dna samechromosomes samegenesditproteinst gen
expressed
geneexpression controlled transcription
Lecture18
Positive control facilitates transcription
regmolecule
negativecontrol req molecule stopstranscription needsthose proteins
a
onlyuse glucose bringslactoseintocell Galactoside permease t breakdown Beta galactosidase
opetontingents n'Eat'ator
sameprocess share promoter Prokaryotes dothis eukaryotes don't
tact codes for repressor negative control stops transcription
Lecture 15
all genes Mendeled study on dif chromosomes
Thomas Morgan fruit flies didn't tintatentieted
getsame results reciprocal cross dit genders
eye color is sex linked
Stevens discovered sex chromo XXXY
Mendel theory was amended
non mendelianinheritance genes on dit chromosomes
RNApolymerase binds to 3 on template strand
RNA A U F A C G G C
transcription happensbased ontemplate strands
coding strand complimentary to template strand MRNA complimentary too
coding mRNA are identical to eachother
translation ribosome bindsto single stranded minna t reads the mrna t makes
threebases codon codes for a a
every cell on earth starts with methyanine
stopcodon code for amino acid DONOT COUNT IT
start counting at AUG do count start codon
starting with same letter helps prevent mutation
Feiffonienninesis
Point mutation alters one or small bases
chromosomal mutation alters large segment of DNA
write air t.in iti atiisinFntiiasncara
, d 101 a 0
conservative mild effect
promoter t termination signaldon't code for aA
upstream direction opp
downstreamsame direction RNApolymerase is moving
transcription factor helps RNA I recognize the promoter t helps bind to start
nucleotides upstream from 1
transcription critical regions 3 t 107
cyclins t edk cause cell division makescells gointo next cycle phase
Termination signal has to be transcribed
caused by physical separation
PremRNA in eukaryotes needs to be processed before translationcanoccur
processing
prokaryotes mRNA no
1exons regions codefor protein spliced together
2introns don'tcode notneeded to makeprotein soget spliced out removed
spliceosome lotssmallnuclear ribonucleoproteins RNAtproteins bindintronstogethercut then splice
andbond exons together
In nucleus
no ribosome in nucleus onlyin cytoplasm
mature mRNA travels thrunucleus NPcomplex nuclearring cytoplasmic ringsrough Ek
stomach t skincell sameperson identical dna samechromosomes samegenesditproteinst gen
expressed
geneexpression controlled transcription
Lecture18
Positive control facilitates transcription
regmolecule
negativecontrol req molecule stopstranscription needsthose proteins
a
onlyuse glucose bringslactoseintocell Galactoside permease t breakdown Beta galactosidase
opetontingents n'Eat'ator
sameprocess share promoter Prokaryotes dothis eukaryotes don't
tact codes for repressor negative control stops transcription
