Exam 3: NUR109/ NUR 109 (Latest 2025/2026 Update) Foundations in Nursing Practice | Questions with Verified Answers & Rationale | 100% Correct - Excelsior University.

Exam 3: NUR109/ NUR 109 (Latest
2025/2026 Update) Foundations in
Nursing Practice | Questions with
Verified Answers & Rationale |
100% Correct - Excelsior University.

A 71-year-old patient enters the emergency department after
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falling down stairs in the home. The nurse is conducting a fall
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history with the patient and his wife. They live in a one-level ranch
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home. He has had diabetes for over 15 years and experiences
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some numbness in his feet. He wears bifocal glasses. His blood
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pressure is stable at 130/70. The patient does not exercise
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regularly and states that he experiences weakness in his legs
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when climbing stairs. He is alert, oriented, and able to answer
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questions clearly. What are the fall risk factors for this patient?
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*Impaired vision
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*Leg weakness i,-




*Exercise history i,-




Risk factors for falling include sensory changes such as visual loss,
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musculoskeletal conditions affecting mobility (in this case i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



weakness), and deconditioning (from lack of exercise). The mere
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,presence of a chronic disease is not a risk factor unless it is a
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condition such as a neurological disorder that alters mobility or
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cognitive function. The patient's blood pressure is stable, and
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there is no report of orthostatic hypotension. A one-floor
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residence should not pose risks. i,- i,- i,- i,-




The nurse is completing a health history with the daughter of a
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newly admitted patient who is confused and agitated. The
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daughter reports that her mother was diagnosed with Alzheimer's
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disease 1 year ago but became extremely confused last evening
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and was hallucinating. She was unable to calm her, and her
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mother thought she was a stranger. On the basis of this history,
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the nurse suspects that the patient is experiencing:
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Hallmark characteristics of delirium are acute confusion,
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hallucinations, and agitation. It is not a new onset of dementia i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



since she already has a diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and, as
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dementia worsens, we see a gradual rather than sudden changes
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in memory usually not accompanied with hallucinations.
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Depression does not present with acute confusion and agitation.
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The nurse sees a 76-year-old woman in the outpatient clinic. She
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states that she recently started noticing a glare in the lights at
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home. Her vision is blurred; and she is unable to play cards with
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her friends, read, or do her needlework. The nurse suspects that
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the woman may have:
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,Cataracts normally result in blurred vision, sensitivity to glare, and
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gradual loss of vision. Presbyopia is a common eye condition
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resulting in a person having difficulty adjusting to near and far
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vision. The symptoms are not reflective of depression since her
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vision affects her ability to interact. She has not chosen to avoid
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her friends. i,-




A nurse is caring for a patient preparing for discharge from the
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hospital the next day. The patient does not read. His family
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caregiver will be visiting before discharge. What can the nurse do
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to facilitate the patient's understanding of his discharge
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instructions? *Sit facing the patient so he is able to watch i,-i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



your lip movements and facial expressions.
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*Present one idea or concept at a time. i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-




*Include the family caregiver in the teaching session.
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Teaching and communication are more effective with older adults
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when you sit and face the patient and present one idea or
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concept at a time. This requires planning. Speaking loudly can
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distort sound. Speak in a normal tone. Sending instructions is
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helpful but will not directly facilitate the patient's own
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understanding. Sharing information with a caregiver provides i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



someone to clarify instructions. i,- i,- i,-

, A nurse is participating in a health and wellness event at the local
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community center. A woman approaches and relates that she is i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



worried that her widowed father is becoming more functionally
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impaired and may need to move in with her. The nurse inquires
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about his ability to complete activities of daily living (ADLs). ADLs
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include independence with: *toileting
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*bathing
*eating


ADLs are self-care tasks that measure function and are markers
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for the ability to live independently. Although driving and daily
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exercise are important to quality of life and health maintenance,
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they would not necessarily impact a person's ability to live
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independently.


During a home health visit a nurse talks with a patient and his
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family caregiver about the patient's medications. The patient has
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hypertension and renal disease. Which of the following findings i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



place him at risk for an adverse drug event?
i,- *Taking a total of
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eight different medications during the day
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*Patient's health history of renal disease i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-




The patient is at risk for an adverse drug event (ADE) because of
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polypharmacy and his history of renal disease, which affects drug i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



excretion. Taking two medications for hypertension is common.
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