Science Medicine Infectious Disease
NUR 155
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Antibiotics and Topical Agents: Bact... Avian Respiratory Disease Microbiology: Common nonpathoge... microb
11 terms 32 terms 82 terms 143 term
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Asepsis freedom from disease-causing microorganisms
Once we put gloves on they are clean, once we touch a surface with the gloveS they
Medical vs Surgical Asepsis
are dirty
clean technique- limits the number of microorganisms. Standard precautions. Using
Medical Asepsis: bed pans, changing linens, if it's not yours, use gloves - 15-30 seconds of hand
washing
Clean- absence of almost all microorganisms
soiled, contaminated; likely to have microorganisms, some of which may be capable
Dirty-
of causing infection
Free of all microorganisms. Trach care and catheters (urinary & respiratory tracks
Surgical asepsis (sterile technique)
need to be sterile) - 3-5 minutes of hand washing
Sepsis- condition in which acute organ dysfunction occurs secondary to infection
Types of Infections local, systemic, acute, chronic
Local infection pathogens are limited to a small area of the body
Specific part of the body where microorganisms remain, mostly on hands & feet Ex:
Local infection-2
gonorrhea, arthritis, dog bites.
an infection throughout the body; If the microorganism spread and damage different
systemic infection
parts of the body (whole body) Ex: flu, high blood pressure, cold, HIV, fever
When the culture of a person's bloodreveals microorganisms. Has to have direct
bacteremia
access to the source. Ex: pneumonia, skin abscesses, IV
Bacteremia-2 Bacteria in IV - pic line (arms), central lines (chest)
When bacterium results in systemic infection. Will kill people every day, very hard to
Septicemia catch someone who is septic, causes confusion (s/s). Multi-system shutdown. Ex:
MRSA, toxic shock syndrome (tampons)
Acute infections Appear suddenly or last a short time. Ex: strep throat, cold, tonsillitis, appendicitis
, Occurs slowly or, over a long period, and may last months or years. Ex: diabetes,
Chronic infections
HIV, cancer, bone infections (especially diabetics)
The main difference between local and IT TAKES CULTURE OR BACTERIA 72 HOURS TO GROW
systemic infection is FEVER
systemic infections can become septic
Nosocomial Infection originates in a health care facility (HAI - healthcare associated infections)
HAI Healthcare-associated infection
MRSA, stomach bugs, C.Diff, Shigella, UTI's, surgical sites, pneumonia o Factors-
Common HAI's
hand hygiene
etiologic agent agent responsible for causing disease
Microorganisms/Microbes organisms that are too small to be seen with the unaided eye; ex strep
where organisms live eg hands, wounds GI tract ; Carrier: plants, animals, bugs,
reservoir
person, food, water (carry the microorganism, they are not effected by it)
Must leave reservoir Ex: coughing, sneezing, saliva & mucous membranes, feces &
Portal of Exit
urine, drainage, open wound
movement of pathogens from a reservoir to a susceptible host; it can be by direct or
Method of transmission
indirect contact or through airborne transmission
transport of an infectious agent into a susceptible host via any intermediate
Vehicle-borne transmission
substance (e.g., fomites or food)
objectsthat are likely to carry infection Ex: baby blanket, paci, furniture,
FORMITE
▪ Vector Borne- animal/mosquito/ tick
Airborne Transmission The spread of an organism via droplets or dust; air/dust
Any kind of opening in the body, non intact skin; Susceptible host- person is at risk
portal of entry to host
for infection
Inflammation (-itis): redness, warmth, swelling, drainage of clear fluid, pain, low grade fever
infection redness, heat, swelling, drainage, odor, WBS's, granulation, fever
● Intact skin & mucous membranes
● Mouth
● Cilia of the nasal passages
First line of defense against infection ● Tears
● GI
● Vagina
● Urine flow
2nd line of defense against Response - triggered by microorganisms,
infectionsInflammatory
vascular and cellular response - signs of inflammation, cut, scrape (draining, swelling,
1ststage- inflammation
redness)
2nd stage of inflammation exudate production - scabbing (do not pick off or the process will start all over)
3rd stage of inflammation reparative phase - scarring (granulation tissue - red & bloody (healthy)-tissue repair
3line of defense against infections Specific defenses of the body involve the immune system
Age, hereditary, stress, nutrition, meds/procedures (steroids - main cause of c.diff
Susceptibility to Infection due to killing of flora), diseases (immunocompromised patients). Immunizations and
lack of sleep. Anyone that is in the hospital is at risk for infection
Donning PPE (putting on): hand hygiene, gown (tie in back), mask, (goggles/eyewear, gloves
NUR 155
Save
Students also studied
Flashcard sets Study guides Practice tests
Antibiotics and Topical Agents: Bact... Avian Respiratory Disease Microbiology: Common nonpathoge... microb
11 terms 32 terms 82 terms 143 term
marvelousflash_2 Preview thebeetlebaby Preview angelbaby444 Preview ryle
Asepsis freedom from disease-causing microorganisms
Once we put gloves on they are clean, once we touch a surface with the gloveS they
Medical vs Surgical Asepsis
are dirty
clean technique- limits the number of microorganisms. Standard precautions. Using
Medical Asepsis: bed pans, changing linens, if it's not yours, use gloves - 15-30 seconds of hand
washing
Clean- absence of almost all microorganisms
soiled, contaminated; likely to have microorganisms, some of which may be capable
Dirty-
of causing infection
Free of all microorganisms. Trach care and catheters (urinary & respiratory tracks
Surgical asepsis (sterile technique)
need to be sterile) - 3-5 minutes of hand washing
Sepsis- condition in which acute organ dysfunction occurs secondary to infection
Types of Infections local, systemic, acute, chronic
Local infection pathogens are limited to a small area of the body
Specific part of the body where microorganisms remain, mostly on hands & feet Ex:
Local infection-2
gonorrhea, arthritis, dog bites.
an infection throughout the body; If the microorganism spread and damage different
systemic infection
parts of the body (whole body) Ex: flu, high blood pressure, cold, HIV, fever
When the culture of a person's bloodreveals microorganisms. Has to have direct
bacteremia
access to the source. Ex: pneumonia, skin abscesses, IV
Bacteremia-2 Bacteria in IV - pic line (arms), central lines (chest)
When bacterium results in systemic infection. Will kill people every day, very hard to
Septicemia catch someone who is septic, causes confusion (s/s). Multi-system shutdown. Ex:
MRSA, toxic shock syndrome (tampons)
Acute infections Appear suddenly or last a short time. Ex: strep throat, cold, tonsillitis, appendicitis
, Occurs slowly or, over a long period, and may last months or years. Ex: diabetes,
Chronic infections
HIV, cancer, bone infections (especially diabetics)
The main difference between local and IT TAKES CULTURE OR BACTERIA 72 HOURS TO GROW
systemic infection is FEVER
systemic infections can become septic
Nosocomial Infection originates in a health care facility (HAI - healthcare associated infections)
HAI Healthcare-associated infection
MRSA, stomach bugs, C.Diff, Shigella, UTI's, surgical sites, pneumonia o Factors-
Common HAI's
hand hygiene
etiologic agent agent responsible for causing disease
Microorganisms/Microbes organisms that are too small to be seen with the unaided eye; ex strep
where organisms live eg hands, wounds GI tract ; Carrier: plants, animals, bugs,
reservoir
person, food, water (carry the microorganism, they are not effected by it)
Must leave reservoir Ex: coughing, sneezing, saliva & mucous membranes, feces &
Portal of Exit
urine, drainage, open wound
movement of pathogens from a reservoir to a susceptible host; it can be by direct or
Method of transmission
indirect contact or through airborne transmission
transport of an infectious agent into a susceptible host via any intermediate
Vehicle-borne transmission
substance (e.g., fomites or food)
objectsthat are likely to carry infection Ex: baby blanket, paci, furniture,
FORMITE
▪ Vector Borne- animal/mosquito/ tick
Airborne Transmission The spread of an organism via droplets or dust; air/dust
Any kind of opening in the body, non intact skin; Susceptible host- person is at risk
portal of entry to host
for infection
Inflammation (-itis): redness, warmth, swelling, drainage of clear fluid, pain, low grade fever
infection redness, heat, swelling, drainage, odor, WBS's, granulation, fever
● Intact skin & mucous membranes
● Mouth
● Cilia of the nasal passages
First line of defense against infection ● Tears
● GI
● Vagina
● Urine flow
2nd line of defense against Response - triggered by microorganisms,
infectionsInflammatory
vascular and cellular response - signs of inflammation, cut, scrape (draining, swelling,
1ststage- inflammation
redness)
2nd stage of inflammation exudate production - scabbing (do not pick off or the process will start all over)
3rd stage of inflammation reparative phase - scarring (granulation tissue - red & bloody (healthy)-tissue repair
3line of defense against infections Specific defenses of the body involve the immune system
Age, hereditary, stress, nutrition, meds/procedures (steroids - main cause of c.diff
Susceptibility to Infection due to killing of flora), diseases (immunocompromised patients). Immunizations and
lack of sleep. Anyone that is in the hospital is at risk for infection
Donning PPE (putting on): hand hygiene, gown (tie in back), mask, (goggles/eyewear, gloves
