BIO 205 – Genetics and Molecular Biology, exam questions, DNA replication, transcription, translation, plasmids, genetic engineering

This document contains exam questions with correct answers for Biology 205, focused on genetics and molecular biology. It explores DNA replication, transcription, translation, plasmids, mutations, and genetic engineering techniques. The material supports exam preparation with comprehensive coverage of core topics. Nucleoid is a region/structure found only in ____ cells. a) prokaryotic b) eukaryotic c) bacterial d) Both A and C - answerProkaryotic/bacterial A plasmid is double stranded DNA. True or false? - answerTrue A plasmid-gene or a chromosomal gene (piece of DNA with a specific product) will always produce a________. a) carbohydrate b) ATP c) Protein d) Lipid - answerProtein DNA polymerase is a(n) a) lipid b) polysaccharide c) enzyme d) nucelic acid - answerc- enzyme DNA transcription is defined as a) the replication process of DNA b) the copying process of DNA c) the synthesis of a protein d) the ribosome synthesis - answerb- the copying process of DNA DNA Translation is defined as A. the replication process of DNA B. the copying process of DNA C. the synthesis of a protein D. the ribosome synthesis - answerc- the synthesis of a protein Can a bacterium "turn on" (stimulate) or "turn off" (inhibit) genes? - answerYes What % of genes are - 2 -: constantly expressed in bacteria? - answer80% Which bacterium is widely used in laboratory science? - answerE. coli What is a mutation? List a few mutagens - answerMutation= change in DNA Mutagens= ex: UV light, radiation, some medications, asbestos First step in identifying bacterial mutants indirectly with replica plating is based on bacterial A. DNA B. RNA C. nutrient requirements D. enzymes - answerc- nutrient requirements Ames test is the method of identifying A. mutants B. carcinogenic molecules C. bacteria D. both A and B - answerd- both A and B Transferring viral genetic material into bacterial cells is called A. transformation B. transduction C. conjugation D. motility - answerb- transduction Genetic engineering is based on A. transformation B. transduction C. conjugation D. motility - answera- transformation Ti is a A. protein B. chromosome C. plasmid D. transposon - answerc- plasmid Ti is a plasmid that _______ A. is highly mutated B. carries "jumping genes" -transposons C. causes crown gall disease and cancer D. All of the above - answerd- all of the above Plasmids are all R factors A. true B. false R factors are plasmids that provide/transfer______ F factors are plasmids that transfer _____ Dissimilation plasmids code/produce ______ Bacteriocins are ______ - answerb- false resistance fertility enzymes toxic proteins A viral gene sequence may express itself or remain latent in bacteria and humans A. true B. false - answera- true Which method would we use to make multiple copies of one DNA sequence? A. electroporation B. DNA probe (radioactive fluorescent) C. enzyme reactions (visual color changes) D. PCR (polymerase chain reaction) - answerd- PCR polymerase chain reaction Which method would we use to penetrate cell - 3 -: membranes in order to inject DNA ? A. electroporation B. DNA probe (radioactive fluorescent) C. enzyme reactions (visual color changes) D. PCR (polymerase chain reaction) - answera- electroporation Which method would we use to detect metabolic reactions in bacteria? A. electroporation B. DNA probe (radioactive fluorescent) C. enzyme reactions (visual color changes) D. PCR (polymerase chain reaction) - answerc- enzymes reactions (visual color changes) Which method would we use to determine an unknown piece of DNA? A. electroporation B. DNA probe (radioactive fluorescent) C. enzyme reactions (visual color changes) D. PCR (polymerase chain reaction) - answerb- DNA probe (radioactive fluorescent) What are the enzymes that are used in splicing DNA, called? - answerRestriction enzymes Southern Blotting is used to identify A. DNA B. mRNA C. proteins D. lipids and other molecules Northern Blotting is used to identify A. DNA B. mRNA C. proteins D. lipids and other molecules Western Blotting is used to identify A. DNA B. mRNA C. proteins D. lipids and other molecules Eastern Blotting is used to identify A. DNA B.