TEST BANK for Microbiology An Evolving Science, 3rd Edition, John Foster & Joan Slonczewski

,
,CHAPTER 1: Microbial Life:Originand Discovery
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MULTIPLE CHOICE v




1. Viruses are: v




a. infectious agentsthatinfectmulti-cellular organisms v v v v v




b. noncellular particles that take over the metabolismof acell to generate m ore v v v v v RX v v v v v v v




virus particles
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c. pathogens that replicate in complex growth media v v v v v v




d. cellular particles that belongto the archaeadomain v v v v v v v




e. microbes that consist of lipid membrane enclosed genomes v v v v v v v




ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 TOP: I.A | I.B v v v




MSC: Remembering v




2. Analysis of DNA sequences reveals: v v v v




a. the ancient convergence of two cell types, i.e., prokaryotes and eu
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karyotes
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b. prokaryotesand eukaryotesevolved from a common ancestral cell v v v v v v v v




c. that bacteria sharecommon ancestor with archaea, but not with eu
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karya
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d. prokaryotesare cells with a nucleus v v v v v




e. the genome of Haemophilus influenzae has about 2 billion base pair s
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ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 TOP: I.A | I.B v v v




MSC: Remembering v




3. Which of these groups are considered to be microbes but NOT considered tobe cells?
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a. viruses d. protists v v




b. bacteria e. filamentousfungi v




c. archaea
ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 TOP: I.A.i v




MSC: Remembering v




4. A microbe is commonly defined as:
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a. a virus that requires a microscope to be seen
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b. a bacterium that requires a microscope to be seen
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c. a single- v




cellular prokaryotethat requires a microscope to be seen v v v v v v v v




d. a multicellular eukaryote that requires a microscope tobe
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seenv




e. a living organism that requires a microscope to be seen
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ANS: E DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 TOP: I.A.i | I.A.ii v v v




MSC: Remembering v




5. Which one of the followingstatements regardingmicrobial cells is NOT true?
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a. Microbial cells acquire food, gain energy to build themselves, and resp ond
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to v




environmental change. v

, b. Most single- v




celled organisms require a microscope torender them visible, but some
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bacterial cells are large enough to be seen with naked eyes.
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c. Microbes functionas individual entities. v v v v




d. Manymicrobes formcomplex multicellular assemblages.
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e. Viruses are not considered as microbial cells.
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ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 TOP: I.A.i | I.A.ii v v v




MSC: Remembering
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6. Which of the following statements is FALSE?
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a. A genome is the total genetic informationcontained in an organism’s chromosoma l
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DNA.
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b. If a microbe’s genome includes genes for nitrogenase, that microbe probably can
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fix nitrogen.
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c. By comparingDNA sequences of different organisms, we can figure out how closel y
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related they are. v v




d. Fred Sanger developed the first applicable DNA sequencing method.
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e. Fred Sanger completed thesequencesof Haemophilus influenzae.
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ANS: E DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 TOP: I.B v




MSC: Remembering
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7. The first cellular genomes to be sequenced werethoseof:
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a. humans d. prions v v




b. bacteria e. fungi
c. viruses
ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 TOP: I.B.i v




MSC: Remembering
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8. Theenvironment of early Earth may have contained all of the following EXCEPT:
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a. ferrous iron vd. oxygen v v




b. methane e. hydrogen gas v




c. ammonia
ANS: D DIF: Easy
REF: Special Topic 1.1TOP: v v v II.D
MSC: Remembering
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9. The development of the theory of the ―RNA world‖ resulted from the discovery of:
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a. archaea d. ribozymes v v




b. prions e. endosymbionts
c. bacteria
ANS: D DIF: Medium
REF: Special Topic 1.1TOP: v v v II.D
MSC: Remembering
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10. Which microbes may resemble thoseof the earliest life forms?
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a. archaea d. cyanobacteria v v




b. photosyntheticalgae e. protists v




c. viruses
ANS: A DIF: Medium
REF: Special Topic 1.1TOP: v v v II.D
MSC: Remembering
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11. Early metabolismmay have been catalyzed by:
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a. DNA d. amino acids v v v